24 e régiment d'infantry

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Regiment de Brie
24 e regiment d'infanterie

Insigne régimentaire du 24e Régiment d'Infanterie, 1745 - 1945.jpg
Insigne régimentaire du 24e regiment d'infanterie.png

Internal association badge (1st & 2nd version)
active 1775 bis (still in service as a cadre association)
Country Blason France modern.svg France
Armed forces Flag of France.svg French armed forces
Armed forces Flag of France.svg Armée française de terre
Branch of service infantry
Type Régiment d'infanterie mechanisée (currently: Aufwuchsbataillon)
Insinuation Commandement de la logistique
Location Bernay and Aubervilliers
Patron saint Saint-Maurice
motto "Sans égal" (Unparalleled)
Awards Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with two palm branches
and a gold star

The 24 e régiment d'infanterie - (German: 24th Infantry Regiment) set up as the "Régiment de Brie" was an active reserve unit of the French army until its dissolution in 1997 and again since 2013 .

Lineup and renaming

  • 1775: Deployed in Strasbourg from the 2nd and 4th battalions of the Royal Regiment .
  • 1791: renamed "24 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne"
  • 1793: First army reform The regiment was the one he battalion "ci-devant de Brie" to 47 e demi-brigade de Bataille and 2 e battalion "ci-devant de Brie" to 48 e demi-brigade de bataille off. This ends the regimental association and the line of tradition
  • 1803: Renaming of the "24 e demi-brigade d'infanterie de ligne" to 24 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne (de facto continuation of the regiment tradition)
  • 1814:?
  • 1815: With the dissolution of the Napoleonic Army by royal decree in autumn, the term “regiment” was initially abolished and replaced by the term “legion” with a territorial reference. (e.g. "Légion de l'Ain")
  • 1820: The "Legion" was again replaced by "Regiment". The unit has now again become the "24 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne"
  • 1854: The name was definitely changed to "24 e régiment d'infanterie"
  • 1914: During the mobilization, the regiment became its regular reserve regiment, the "224 e régiment d'infanterie"
  • 1997: On June 13th the regiment was disbanded.
  • June 27, 2013: re-established as "Bataillon de réserve Île-de-France - 24e Régiment d'Infanterie"

Garrisons

  • Installation in Strasbourg
  • May 1776: Relocation to Phalsbourg
  • November 1777: Relocation to Antibes and Monaco
  • December 1778: Relocation to Neu-Breisach
  • December 1779: Relocation to Phalsbourg
  • November 1781: After returning from North America, garrison at Saint-Pol-de-Léon
  • 1783 relocation to Lille
  • April 1786: Relocation to Berghes and Gravelines
  • May 1788: Relocation to Thionville
  • September 1788: Relocation to Metz
  • September 1789: Relocation to Lille

Mestres de camp / Colonels

Mestre de camp was from 1569 to 1661 and from 1730 to 1780 the denomination of rank for the regiment holder and / or for the officer in charge of the regiment. The name "Colonel" was used from 1721 to 1730, from 1791 to 1793 and from 1803 onwards.

After 1791 there were no more regimental owners.

Should the Mestre de camp / Colonel be a person of the high nobility who had no interest in leading the regiment, the command was given to the “Mestre de camp lieutenant” (or “Mestre de camp en second”) or the Leave a colonel lieutenant or colonel en second.

Flag of the "Régiment de Brie"
  • April 26, 1775: Mestre de camp Jean-Gabriel de La Roque, comte de Podenas
  • January 1, 1784: Colonel Jean-Gabriel René François de Fouquet, marquis d'Auvillars
  • July 25, 1791: Colonel Jean-Baptiste Symon de Solémy
  • May 16, 1792: Colonel Pierre Antoine Dupont-Chaumont
  • ?
  • Colonel Semelle: wounded December 26, 1806, February 8, 1807 and June 14, 1807
  • Colonel Jamin: Wounded March 5, 1811
  • Colonel Henry: Wounded July 31, 1813
  • ?
  • August 1, 1870: Colonel d'Arguesse
  • ?
  • 1901-1906: Colonel Auguste Clerc
  • ?
  • August 2, 1914: Colonel Heriot
  • May 23, 1915: Lieutenant-Colonel Bühler
  • May to June 1940: Colonel Gabriel Sausse
  • ?

Ancien Régime

Participation in the campaigns in North America against the English until victory in the Battle of Yorktown

  • Uniform 1776–1779

  • Uniform 1779–1791

  • Uniform 1791

  • Uniform 1792–1794

Mission history

Revolution and First Empire

  • April 1790: After the riots in Lille, the regiment occupied the citadel
  • 1792: The 1st battalion initially remained in Lille, while the 2nd battalion was assigned to the Central Army. It fought at Jalin on May 17th.
Campaign with the Armée de la Moselle to Trier , participation in the cannonade at Valmy and the battle at Jemappes
  • 1803 Renaming from “24e demi-brigade de ligne” to “24e régiment de ligne”.
  • 1806: Campaign against Prussia and in Poland. Participation in the battle of Jena
  • 1807: Battle of Eylau
Battle of Friedland , where the regiment was able to destroy a division of the Russian Guards infantry in a bayonet attack.
Relocation to Spain
Fight at Ucles and Talevera-de-la-Reyna
  • Loss of officers between 1804 and 1815
killed: 27
died of the wound: 21
wounded: 137

1815 to 1848

Battle of Montmelian. On June 15, 1815, the regiment received a commendation under its commander, Colonel Antoine-François Genevay, for saving the "Regiment de Savoie" (68e RI) from destruction or capture.

In 1836 the regiment moved to Algeria , where it excelled in the battle at “La Chiffa”. Otherwise it was often used for road construction and other earthworks, which earned it the nickname "Régiment de la pioche" (regiment with the pickaxe).

Second empire

On August 1, 1870, it was assigned to the Armée du Rhin . With the "40 e régiment d'infanterie" under Colonel Vittot, it formed the "2 e brigade" (Général Micheler). Together with the "1 e brigade" (Général Doens), two artillery batteries with cannons Canon de 4 modèle 1858 , a battery Mitrailleusen and a pioneer company, the 3 e division d'infanterie ( Général de division Merle de Labrugiere de Laveaucoupet). She belonged to the "2 e corps d'armée" under the Général de division Charles Auguste Frossard .

  • August 3, 1870 - The regiment stood on the heights at Saint-Arnual.
  • August 5, 1870 - On the ridges near Saarbrücken
  • August 6, 1870 - Battle of Spichern . The "Brigade Micheler" stood in the first line behind the village of Spichern . After the battle was lost, Frossard's troops withdrew to Metz where they were trapped and had to surrender . The regiment's flag was torn off the pole beforehand and cut into as many pieces as the officers were present. In this way it could not be captured by the enemy.
Conrad Freyberg : Handover of Metz

First World War

1914

On August 2, 1914, the regiment was part of the 11th Brigade in the 6th Infantry Division in the 3rd Army Corps. The staff, the 1st and 3rd battalions were stationed in Paris , the 2nd battalion in Bernay (Eure). On August 6, the Paris units were loaded onto the train at the Gare des Batignolles (Batignolles station) and the 2nd battalion in Bernay. The next day the staff and the two battalions from Paris reached their destination in Rethel , the 2nd battalion followed a short time later and joined the regiment at Sab on the Sambre .

In the following period, the regiment moved to Mézières and then, in a sudden change of direction, received the front in Belgium as a new location. On August 21st the Sambre was crossed to take position in Anderlues . On the evening of August 22, the battalions “Denvignes” and “Nicolas”, two kilometers from Anderlues, had their first enemy contact. Although the battalions were weakened more and more by raids, they succeeded in repelling the enemy attacks. Occasionally there were even counter-attacks with the bayonet , like that of Lieutenant-Colonel Fesch, who led such an attack that evening. When night fell, the enemy attacks finally subsided. Until then, the regiment had suffered considerable failures.

  • Lieutenant-Colonel Fesch - mortally wounded
  • Capitaine Gévin - please
  • Lieutenant (Oberleutnant) de La Hoyère - fallen
  • Lieutenant de Salle - fallen
  • Sous-lieutenant (lieutenant) Germain - fallen
  • Sous-lieutenant Bargeot - fallen
  • Capitaine Potet - wounded
  • Capitaine Mastracci - wounded
  • Lieutenant Hurt - wounded
  • Lieutenant Bassot - wounded
  • Lieutenant Perrin - wounded
  • Lieutenant Gamarse Maire - wounded
  • Sous-lieutenant Huidet - wounded
  • Sous-lieutenant Truttmann - wounded
  • Sous-lieutenant treasure - wounded

Another 939 NCOs and men were killed or wounded.

1915

  • The 24e RI was assigned to the "3 e corps d'armée" together with the "28 e régiment d'infanterie" as the 11 e brigade . This was followed by the delivery to the "43 e division" (21 e corps d'armée) which was involved in the May offensive of 1915. The regiment replaced on May 15, 1915, the "158 e régiment d'infanterie" in the front section d'Aix-Noulette. A sector where constant artillery fire and continued close contact with the enemy resulted in heavy losses. On May 25, after poor preparation, an infantry attack took place over the churned-up area in front of the site, where most of the attackers were struck down by machine gun and rifle fire. A small group of attackers was able to penetrate the German trench, where they were knocked down by a counter-attack. Only a small number of the attackers returned to their positions.

Between May 15th and May 25th the regiment suffered losses:

30 officers, 10 of them killed
1,055 NCOs and men, 160 of whom died

On the morning of May 26th, it was relieved and taken to the Fosseux area in automobiles to refresh . After a month of rest, it returned to the front. It carried out various tasks in the Arras region and, among other things, took part in the breakthrough at Montenescourt. It was then housed as a reserve in the town of Grand-Servin from June 21 to July 7, 1915.

Further missions:

1916

The 24 e régiment d'infantry in the Battle of Verdun used and fought in the sections on Fort Vaux , in Caillettewald and the tunnel of Tavannes . It arrived on the battlefield on the night of April 7th to 8th to replace the “10 e bataillon de chasseurs” (10th Jägerbataillon) and the “158 e régiment d'infanterie”. In the night from May 31st to June 1st, the unit had to endure a devastating German attack, which was preceded by five days of barrage. There were 1,200 casualties of dead, wounded and missing, and some companies only consisted of a handful of men in a shell hole. In the early morning all that was left was a single machine gun, ready to fire.

1917

The unit held the subsection on the Hardaumont plateau north of the Vaux pond (Verdun) until January. Then relocation to the Chemin des Dames with combat missions until the end of the year.

1918

  • Battle of Amiens
  • The regiment had fought near Charleroi, the Marne, Godat, d'Aix-Noulette, Verdun, the Chemin-des-Dames, Tahure, Bessons, Canny-sur-Matz, Pontavert and Sissonne.

Second World War

Between August and September 1939, the 24 e RI, the “46 e régiment d'infanterie” and the 5 e régiment d'infanterie formed the “10 e division d'infanterie”, known as the “Paris Division”. This was followed by the seat of the war (Drôle de guerre), in which the unit was not active.

After the German attack , the regiment was relocated to the Aisne by truck on May 15, 1940. On May 16 and 17, it took up positions there in the 20 kilometers wide section between Château-Porcien and Vieux-lès-Asfeld to defend the river on its southern bank. Colonel Sausse's regimental staff was housed in Saint Loup in the last house on the corner of Route départementale and Rue Basse. The radio station and an observation post were also located here. The 2nd battalion moved from Saint Loup over the height 146 to the Jean Claude forest. On May 15, the residents of Saint Loup received the evacuation order and joined the columns of refugees.

Between May 17 and May 20, the regiment rejected several attempts by the Germans to cross the Aisne. Counter-attacks were carried out, which led to considerable losses. Despite massive German pressure, the positions could be maintained.

At 3:00 a.m. on the morning of June 9th, heavy artillery fire began on the positions, which was later reinforced by air strikes. (The bombardment by the Germans, who were in the majority of troops and tanks, continued until June 10.)

On June 10, at 5:00 a.m., the motorized division of the 19 e GRCA (Groupe de Reconnaissance de Corps d'Armée - reconnaissance group of the 19th Army Corps) was attacked with full force. Nevertheless, the resistance in this area of ​​defense did not decrease, even if the regiment's battalions were already surrounded and the regiment commander was already in German captivity. Another 23 hours later, the regimental flag had been brought to safety, the last shot was fired and the 24th Infantry Regiment had ceased to exist. Some soldiers were able to escape from the clutches, they were used in the defense of the Suippe Line .

The German commander said to Colonel Sausse:

"Je vous félicite de la magnifique resistance de votre régiment, ce fut très dur pour nous."

(I congratulate you on the excellent resistance put up by your regiment, which made it very difficult for us.)

When leaving Paris, the regiment consisted of 83 officers, 240 NCOs and 2,800 men. Of these, 8 officers, 47 NCOs and 350 men were left at the surrender. In the area of ​​Saint Loup alone, 86 men were killed, including the chief d'escadron Robert de Vanssay of the 19 e GRCA (Groupe de Reconnaissance de Corps d'Armée).

1945 to 1997

Internal badge of the 2nd company of the regiment
  • The regiment was stationed with the 2nd Battalion in Bernay and the 1st and 3rd Battalion in Aubervilliers .
  • 1984: The 3 e Corps d'Armée with bar in Saint-Germain-en-Laye assigned
  • 1990–1992: Regiment of CS 1 in Vincennes . The main task would be the defense of Paris, for this purpose the unit in Sissone was trained in urban warfare.
  • 1994: The 2nd company took part in a six-month UN peacekeeping mission in Biatch ( Bosnia-Herzegovina ), where they fulfilled their task, despite the intensifying fighting until the town fell.
  • 1995: Together with the "5 e régiment du génie" (5th engineer regiment) in Versailles , the regiment of territorial defense "Forces de Défense du Territoire" for the department of Île-de-France was assigned.
  • The roll call took place on June 13, 1997 in Vincennes.
  • On June 27, 2013, the regiment was re-established as a battalion-strength cadre association and assigned to the reserve.

Regimental flag

On the back of the regimental flag (since Napoleonic times) the campaigns and battles in which the regiment took part are listed in gold letters.

24th regiment d'infanterie de ligne - drapeau.svg

Awards

The flag ribbon is decorated with the Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with two palm branches for the special mention in the army report and a gold star for the special mention in the report of the army corps.

On February 17, 1919, the Fourragère received it in the colors of the Croix de guerre.

Motto

Sans égal
(incomparable)

Known members of the regiment

Sous-lieutenant Pierre Louis François Paultre de Lamotte , later lieutenant general of the cavalry
  • 1937: The actor André Robert Raimbourg called Bourvil received his draft for military service and was used as a horn player

literature

  • Ouvrage en preparation: Jean-Louis Vigla (écrivain, author d '"Histoire d'un camp nazi, l'île d'Aurigny" (1940–1945) by Alan Sutton) à partir d'un témoignage de son grand-père maternel fait prisonnier à Fontaine-L'Evêque après la bataille d'Anderlues-Collarmont (Terril number 4).
  • GAL Craplet, 5 Siècles d'Infanterie française, 1967.
  • Général Andolenko “A partir du Recueil d'Historiques de l'Infanterie Française” - Eurimprim 1969
  • Souvenirs et observations sur la campagne de 1870 (armée du Rhin), depuis notre départ du camp de Châlons (14 juillet) jusqu'à la capitulation de Metz, travail rédigé durant ma captivité à Lübeck, d'après mes notes personnelles prises au jour le jour comme lieutenant au 66e regiment d'infanterie. Appendice: Siège de Paris contre la Commune, du général Anne Albert Devaureix, H. Charles-Lavauzelle, 1909.

Web links

Commons : Flags of the 24 ° regiment d'infanterie  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ^ Histoire de l'ancienne infanterie française de Louis Susane
  2. ↑ which had nothing to do with the former 24 e regiment d'infanterie
  3. ↑ Colonel was the regiment owner and de jure commander. Often, however, the latter left the command to his deputy, the lieutenant colonel
  4. ^ Recueilli par Henri CHARLES-LAVAUZELLE Editeur militaire. Copie du document provenant de la bibliothèque du musée de la Guerre.
  5. ↑ the name of the battalion commanders
  6. ↑ Training area
  7. ↑ «  Décision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT du 14 September 2007 relative aux inscriptions de noms de batailles sur les drapeaux et étendards des corps de troupe de l'armée de terre, du service de santé des armées et du service des essences des armées, Bulletin officiel des armées, n ° 27, 9 November 2007  »(German:“ Provision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT of September 14, 2007 on the appearance of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the Troops of the army, the medical service and the fuel supply branch. Published with the official army bulletin No. 27 of November 9, 2007 ")
  8. ↑ "  Arrêté relatif à l'attribution de l'inscription AFN 1952–1962 sur les drapeaux et étendards des formations des armées et services, du 19 novembre 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie  " (German: "Order AFN 1952–1962 on the assignment of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the formations of the army and the services of November 19, 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie ")
  9. ↑ This also applies to units that have already been disbanded, as they can (theoretically) be put back into active service at any time