11 e régiment d'infantry

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Régiment Cardinal-Duc
Régiment de La Marine
11 e régiment d'infanterie

Insigne régimentaire du 11e Régiment d'Infanterie.jpg

Internal association badge
active 1635 to 1940
Country Blason France modern.svg Flag of France.svg France
Armed forces Blason France modern.svg Flag of France.svg French army
Branch of service Line infantry
Location Metz
Patron saint Saint-Maurice
motto His fulta manebunt
commander
commander Last: Commandant Nicolaï

The 11th e régiment d'infanterie was an infantry regiment of the French army. Before regiment numbering was introduced on January 1, 1791, it was last named Régiment de La Marine in the royal French army .

Lineup and significant changes

  • September 26, 1635: Establishment of the Régiment Cardinal-Duc by Cardinal de Richelieu from the “Compagnies ordinaires de la mer” from 1622 (or 1621). The lineup was done solely for the reason that Richelieu wanted to upgrade his reputation, he had not previously been appointed by the Crown to own a regiment. The influence of Richelieu was sufficient to give the regiment the status of the "great old" regiments (les grands vieux) in the group of Les Vieux Corps (the ultimate in the French army). Furthermore, it carried the white body flag from the beginning, which led to envy and resentment among the other high-ranking regiment owners, whose regiments were partly a lot older than that of the cardinal. This went so far that the Prince de Condé in 1749 (seven years after the cardinal's death) did not take into account the "Régiment de La Marine" assigned to him in his army in Flanders and preferred to condemn it to inactivity in the garrison, instead of using it. Only a decree by the king could end the disputes.
At the end of 1636, Richelieu changed the name of his infantry regiment in his capacity as "Grand maître et surintendant général de la navigation" (Grand Master and General Director of Shipping) and gave it the name "Régiment de La Marine", which it would keep until 1791 . It was probably intended for use as marine infantry, like the Régiment Royal des Vaisseaux , which was set up at the same time. However, circumstances prevented such a use, and the regiment was never used in this special function.
The regiment consisted of 18 companies:
  1. Compagnie colonelle (came from the Regiment de Normandie ) chevalier de Montécler (Richelieu's protégé)
  2. Company de Sérignan-Valras
  3. Compagnie de la Bartète
  4. Company de la Chapelle
  5. Compagnie de Montécler (relative of the above)
  6. Compagnie de Montigny
  7. Compagnie de Dessaut
  8. Compagnie de Villeron
  9. Compagnie de Saint-Mégrin
  10. Company de la Fayette
  11. Company de Sentoires
  12. Compagnie de Pione
  13. Compagnie de Saint-Aignan
  14. Compagnie de Taillefie
  15. Compagnie de la Balme
  16. Compagnie de Rispe
  17. Company de Beautru
  18. Company de Montafilan
  • 1636: Renamed the Régiment de La Marine
  • March 25, 1776: The 2nd and 4th battalions were handed over to the formation of the Régiment d'Auxerrois .
  • January 1, 1791: Renamed 11 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne
  • October 22, 1793: In the course of the army reform ( Premier amalgame ) the regimental association was dissolved. The 1st battalion was used to set up the "21 e demi-brigade de bataille", the 2nd battalion to set up the "22 e demi-brigade de bataille".
  • [...]
  • 1803: The 11 e demi-brigade d'infanterie was renamed the 11 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne .
  • 1814: Nothing changed during the Restoration and the Rule of the Hundred Days .
  • July 16, 1815: After Napoleon Bonaparte's final deposition , his army was disbanded.
  • August 11, 1815: The regiment is re-established under the name Légion de la Côte d'Or
  • 1820: Renamed 11 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne
  • 1854: Renamed 11 e régiment d'infanterie
  • 1914: In the course of mobilization, it set up its reserve regiment , the "211 e régiment d'infanterie".
  • 1923: dissolution (the tradition was carried on by the 14 e RI )
  • 1939: Re-formation of 11 e régiment d'infantry
  • June 21, 1940: The regiment fell into German captivity and ceased to exist.

equipment

Soldier of the Régiment de La Marine, 1757

Royal Army flags

The regiment carried twelve flags, one of which was the white body flag (drapeau colonel).

  • Body flag

  • Régiment Cardinal-Duc 1635 to 1636

  • Régiment de La Marine from 1636 to 1791

  • 1st Battalion 11 e RI 1791 to 1793

  • 2nd Battalion 11 e RI 1791 to 1793

Last regimental flag used

On the back of the regimental flag (since Napoleonic times) the campaigns and battles in which the regiment took part are listed in gold letters.

  • Model 1880

  • Model 1880 front side

  • Model 1880 back

Uniform until 1792

  • Régiment de La Marine 1720 to 1734

  • Officer of the Régiment de La Marine from 1720 to 1734

  • Régiment de La Marine 1734 to 1757

  • Officer of the Régiment de La Marine from 1734 to 1757

  • Régiment de La Marine 1757 to 1762

  • Régiment de La Marine 1762 to 1767

  • Régiment de La Marine 1767 to 1776

  • Régiment de La Marine 1776 to 1779

  • Régiment de La Marine 1779 to 1791

  • 11 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne 1791 to 1793

Mestres de camp / Colonels

Mestre de camp was from 1569 to 1661 and from 1730 to 1780 the denomination of rank for the regiment holder and / or for the officer in charge of the regiment. The name "Colonel" was used from 1721 to 1730, from 1791 to 1793 and from 1803 onwards.

After 1791 there were no more regimental owners.

Should the Mestre de camp / Colonel be a person of the high nobility who had no interest in leading the regiment (such as the king or queen), the command was given to the "Mestre de camp lieutenant" (or “Mestre de camp en second”) or the “Colonel-lieutenant” or “Colonel en second”.

  • September 26, 1635: Louis de Montécler, chevalier de Montécler - Mestre de camp en second
  • 1642: After the death of Richelieu, his successor, Cardinal Mazarin , became the new owner of the regiment
  • December 12, 1642: François Le Hardy, marquis de La Trousse (Mestre de camp en second)
  • July 12, 1648: Louis de Montécler, chevalier de Montécler
  • January 27, 1650: Jules Mancini (died in 1652 during the attack on Étampes )
  • October 11, 1652: Paul Mancini
  • March 13, 1661: Philippe-Julien Mancini, duc de Nevers
  • February 4, 1667: Charles-Félix de Galéan, comte de Gadagne
  • July 8, 1667: Jean-Claude de Rochechouart, marquis de Tonnay-Charente
  • October 17, 1673: Pierre de Jarzé, comte de La Motte
  • August 29, 1675: André Matthieu de Castellas
  • December 7, 1683: Henri-Roger de La Rochefoucaud, marquis de Liancourt
  • 1694: Louis-Jean-Charles, marquis de Talleyrand
  • June 26, 1702: Pierre Le Guerchois de Sainte-Colombe
  • June 30, 1709: Michel Chamillart , marquis de Cany
  • August 3, 1716: Alexandre-Maximilien-Balthazar-Dominique de Gand d'Esenghien, comte de Middelbourg
  • March 10, 1734: Gaston Pierre de Lévis-Mirepoix, duc de Mirepoix
  • July 26, 1737: Louis-Henri, marquis d'Aubigné de Tigny
  • February 1, 1748: François Vachon de Briançon, marquis de Belmont
  • November 30, 1761: Louis-Bernard de Cléron, comte d'Haussonville
  • January 3, 1770: Étienne, vicomte de Jaucourt
  • February 28, 1778: Antoine-René, vicomte de Boisse
  • January 1, 1784: Sébastien Charles Hubert, comte de Gestas, marquis de Lespéroux
  • July 25, 1791: Louis du Peloux de Saint-Romain
  • September 10, 1792: Jean-Ranchin de Massiat
  • [...]
  • 1805: Gilbert Désirée Joseph Bachelu
  • 1809: Alexandre-Charles-Joseph Aubrée
  • 1812: Pierre-Nicolas Maillart, colonel
  • 1815: Alexandre-Charles-Joseph Aubrée
  • 1815: Jean-François Sylvestre Humbert
  • 1870: de Behagle, colonel
  • 1939: Pamponneau Lieutenant-Colonel
  • 1940: Nicolaï - Commandant

Mission history

Franco-Spanish War and Fronde Revolt

  • 1636: The regiment was added to the army under the command of the Comte de Soissons on the Meuse in January . On May 31, near the hamlet of Ivoy (now part of Assesse ) , this army defeated 4,000 Polish Cossacks who had committed all sorts of atrocities on this border for a year. The Enfants perdus under the Capitaine de la Chapelle tipped the balance, and so 400 of the Cossacks were killed, the whole baggage , 600 horses, three standards and seven pairs of kettledrums were captured. After this successful armed conflict, 400 men of the corps were commanded by the Cardinal zu La Valette to help with the relief of Colmar ; the rest was used for the siege of Corbie and excelled in the delaying defense of a mill on the Somme .
  • 1637: In June the regiment was at the siege of Bohain , where the Capitaine Saint-Mégrin was wounded by a musket ball. A few days later, the siege of Landrecies followed , then of La Capelle (Aisne) , where the regiment opened the siege trenches, and finally the operation in the defense of Maubeuge .
  • 1638: The regiment, together with the Régiment de Piémont , successfully defended the town of Saint-Omer (Pas-de-Calais) against the troops of Piccolomini . On July 8th it was in action at Polincove . The Mestre de camp lieutenant and two other officers were seriously wounded, the Enseigne and later Maréchal de France de Navailles was able to distinguish himself in battle.
  • 1639: On June 9th, the regiment captured a demi-lune in front of Hesdin . A select detachment of men under the command of Major la Bartète (who was wounded in this operation) overturned the palisades, using halberds and spears to kill the first defenders and forcing the others to jump into the river, even though there were boats that could have brought them back to town. During the attack on August 8th, the regiment drove the Spaniards out of the village of Saint-Nicolas and captured their cannons. The Capitaine Clermont, the Lieutenant la Chesnaye and the Enseigne Sille were killed. In the battle near Ruminghem “La Marine” was able to distinguish itself, the Mestre de camp lieutenant was seriously wounded. At the end of the campaign, "La Marine" was commanded to Caudebec to put down a revolt by the peasants who had given themselves the name "Pieds-nus" (bare feet) and refused to pay their taxes.
  • 1640: During the siege of Arras, the regiment again distinguished itself by taking Fort Rantzaw. The Spaniards lost 4,000 men, but their own losses were just as heavy, 28 officers were killed or wounded. The Enseigne de Gadange, who was to become the regiment's commanding officer, received two sword blows and two wounds from pikes. After the surrender of Arras, “La Marine” took up winter quarters here.
  • 1641: During the siege of Aire , the unit attacked a demi-lune and the covered path . Lieutenants Diclos and Vaudonville were killed, while Lieutenant Gadagne was wounded by a musket ball and a pike. The sieges of La Bassée and Bapaume followed . Winter quarters were moved into La Bassée.
  • 1642: La Bassée was besieged and successfully defended by 250 men from “La Marine”. Mestre de camp lieutenant La Trousse and eight other officers were wounded.
  • 1645: The regiment arrived at the siege of Roses and took part in the great attack of May 27th, which led to the surrender of the besieged. In the battle at Sant Llorenç it was on the left wing of the first line and lost the Capitaine de Villars. In August, “La Marine” was used in the siege of Balaguer (Lleida) .
  • 1646/1647: Two sieges of Lleida . Then the regiment formed the rearguard of the Prince de Condé's army in 1647 and was involved in several retreat battles.
  • 1648: On July 5th, “La Marine” opened the siege trenches in front of Tortosa and was able to distinguish itself here during the attack on July 12th. The regimental commander, Mestre de camp-lieutenant La Trousse, was killed. In the middle of the year the regiment was ordered back to central France because of the problems with the Fronde .
  • 1649: “La Marine” marched into the province of Guyenne and was used against the revolutionaries in Bordeaux .
  • 1650: Again in the Franco-Spanish War, the unit was sent to Flanders to the army of Maréchal du Plessis-Praslin , but soon moved into a garrison in Saint-Quentin . From here it moved in September together with the Régiment de Sault in support of the garrison of Mouzon , which was besieged by the Spaniards. Again there were problems. The Régiment de Sault was one of the "great old" regiments and was under no circumstances willing to let the "upstarts" of "La Marine" take precedence. The dispute that arose between them about the order of precedence prevented for a day - within sight of the city - the success of the actual task. The two regiments had to withdraw after both lost their commander. The Mestre de camp lieutenant de Montécler had fallen. The Capitaine de Campels made another attempt the next day and was lucky enough to be successful. In addition to M. de Montécler, the Capitaines de Recouvert and La Bastide had died, and Campels was wounded. In the battle of Rethel the regiment lost three captains and 80 men dead.
Battle of Rethel
  • 1651: “La Marine” returned to the army in Flanders, where disputes broke out again over the ranking. The actual regiment owner, the Cardinal de Mazarin, was at that time without any major influence, so that the king (or the queen mother as regent) intervened herself. He wrote to the Maréchal d'Aumont :

"My cousin, after we were informed that you are writing to the Sieur de Brienne regarding the distress you continue to have in relation to the Régiment de La Marine, and this to me from an officer of the said regiment who expressly [ therefore] came, has been transmitted, in order to avoid the disputes that have arisen regarding the rank of this regiment, it will be used in conjunction with the Régiment de Picardie during the current campaign . They are to be treated as one on all occasions until otherwise directed. I kindly wrote this letter to you on the advice of my mother, the regent. "

This simulated incorporation, which in reality only led to the formation of a brigade with the regiments "Picardie" and "La Marine", calmed the dissatisfied because "La Marine" no longer had any possibility of a priority. This regulation lasted until the end of the Fronde.
After the authority of Louis XIV had established itself over time, he put the regiment by royal decree of March 26, 1670 definitely on the 6th rank of the "old man" regiments and ended all disputes.
Together with Picardy, the regiment ended the campaign of the year.
  • 1652: During the siege of Étampes , the unit under the command of Mestre de camp-lieutenant de Gadagne distinguished itself. Jules Mancini, nephew of Cardinal Mazarin, and a large number of other officers were killed in the attack on the barricades on Rue de la Charonne.
  • 1653: The civil war ended in the Paris area, but continued in the provinces. "La Marine" was relocated to Burgundy and used in the siege of Bellegarde. On May 13th, the siege trenches were opened. Committed to the Turenne Army in Champagne , the regiment took part in the siege of Mouzon and Sainte-Menehould .
  • 1654: Still deployed in Champagne, the regiment was now in the army of Maréchal de Fabert and fought in the siege of Stenay . On July 22nd, in the presence of the king, a sortie was rejected by the covered route. This was followed by the command to the army in Flanders, where the unit was used in the siege of Arras . "La Marine" ended the campaign of the year by participating in the Siege of Quesnoy .
  • 1655: In January, a detachment to take the fort at Le Catelet was posted.
The fort at Le Catelet
In April, he helped to take care of Quesnoy, then the siege of Landrecies and the capture of Condé and Saint-Ghislain .

Dutch War (1673 to 1678)

The regiment was assigned to Turenne's army. The 1st Battalion was able to excel in the siege of Woerden and then took part in the campaign of the Maréchal de Luxembourg in Holland.

  • 1673: The same battalion stood at the siege of Maastricht in which Major la Fayette was among the fallen. The other battalion was with the troops securing the siege. In the same year the regiment moved into quarters in Trier.
  • 1674: Marching out of Trier in July and enlisting in Turenne's army on the Rhine. This was followed by the battle of Enzheim , in which "La Marine" was in the left wing of the first battle line. Then the 1st and 2nd Battalion garrison in Breisach and the 3rd Battalion in Trier.
  • 1675: The latter was used with the army of Maréchal de Créqui in the conquest of Limbourg , while the Capitaine Désormeaux was killed while attacking a Demi-lune. The other battalions were still under Turenne's command and fought in the battle near Mühlhausen and in the battle of Türkheim . After Turenne's death in the battle of Sasbach , the French army withdrew, and they had to fight again at Altenheim . Colonel La Motte was fatally wounded. The Lieutenant-Colonel Matthieu de Castellas was then assigned to lead the troops in Hagenau . The two battalions defended Hagenau so tenaciously during the siege by Raimondo Montecuccoli that he was forced to withdraw. The Lieutenant-Colonel Matthieu de Castellas, an officer of dubious nobility, was then appointed as the successor to the Comte de La Motte as commander of the regiment, a procedure that was rather rare for the time. A battalion of the regiment came to the army of Maréchal de Créqui on the lower Moselle. On August 11th this army was defeated in the Battle of the Konzer Bridge . In September the battalion moved to Charleroi , the other two wintered in Breisach.
  • 1676: The regiment fought in battle near Kokersberg . In the enclosed fortress Philippsburg stood the companies "Mars" and "Charles", which formed a provisional battalion "de La Marine" with nine companies of the Régiment du Dauphin and another company and distinguished themselves in the defense of the fortress. In the same year a battalion "La Marine" was commanded under the command of M. de Belsunce to Sicily and was used there to set up the Régiment de Vivonne .
  • 1677: Used in the campaign in Germany with the siege of Freiburg . After taking the city, the regiment took up quarters there.
  • 1678: A battalion was in Maastricht, which it left on June 10th. The regiment was involved in the attack on the entrenchments of Säckingen , in the siege of Kehl and Lichtenberg (Bas-Rhin) .
  • 1679: As the last action of this war, the unit fought in battle near Minden.

Reunion War (1683 to 1684)

  • 1683: Garrison in Thionville
  • 1684: Siege of Luxembourg . The Capitaine Saint-Franc fell here. After the city was taken, quarters were used here until 1685.

War of the Palatinate Succession (1688 to 1697)

  • 1688: In September the 1st Battalion joined the Corps of the Marquis de Boufflers , which was quartered in Mainz and Kreuznach . From here the troops moved to the unsuccessful siege of Koblenz . Winter quarters were moved into the Electoral Palatinate .
  • 1689: In the spring it set out to be reunited with the 2nd Battalion in Chalons-sur-Marne. Since the enemy was now threatening the fortress of Mont Royal , it was ordered to the fortress instead. But since the enemy troops were marching on Mainz, Boufflers undertook a diversionary maneuver and captured Cochem and the Reichsburg Cochem above it . The enterprise, in which a Détachement des "Régiment de La Marine" took part, cost several officers and an unknown number of men dead and wounded. Among the first were the Capitaines Matthieu and Bérand, Lieutenant Soubirain, and Major Juliers were the first to be wounded. During this time the 2nd Battalion was with the Corps des Maréchal Lorges on the Rhine. At the end of the campaign, the regiment in Saarlouis was reunited and spent the winter here.
  • 1690: "La Marine" was assigned to the Dauphin's army for the campaigns of the year, which gathered near Landau to protect the border. The winter quarters were moved into Breisach.
  • 1691: In January it was moved to Valence and Piedmont, where it joined the army of Nicolas de Catinat in April . The first operation was the siege of the castle of Avigliana , which was taken by the grenadiers. This was followed by the siege of Carmagnola (Piedmont) , during which the 1st Battalion began work on the siege trenches on the night of June 7th and 8th. Then there was the siege of Montmélian . On October 24th, "La Marine" fought in the battle at Col de La Fenêtre, in which the rearguard of the Duke of Savoy was destroyed. Participation in the siege of Suze. Winter quarters were moved into Embrun , where a third battalion was also set up.
  • 1692: The regiment remained in Embrun and defended it against the Duke of Savoy, but then had to surrender. Afterwards garrison was moved into Grenoble .
  • 1693: At the beginning of the year, the now complete regiment moved to the Principality of Orange . From here the march into the Alps soon followed, with the defense of Pignerol and the Fort de Rochecotet in July and August. On October 4th, the Battle of Marsaglia was fought , in which the regiment was found on the right wing of the first line. In this battle the Lieutenant-Colonel de Bellenave and the Capitaines Chauzy, Gérard, Guevauville, Ballandcaud and Chabert fell.
  • 1694: At the end of the year, the regiment was in Nice, where it was charged with monitoring activities in Antibes , Villefranche and Monaco until October 1695 . It then moved to Queyras and moved into winter quarters there.
  • 1696: With the participation in the siege of Valence, the war in Italy ended for unity.
  • 1697: He returned to France and soon afterwards was deployed in the siege of Barcelona under the Maréchal de camp Duc de Vendôme . With the Peace of Rijswijk the war ended and “La Marine” was stationed in Pau and then in Bayonne .

War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1714)

  • 1701: The three battalions of "La Marine" left Bayonne on January 2nd and marched to Toulon, where they were embarked for Italy. This year, however, they had no use.
  • 1702: Under the command of the Comte de Albergotti, the regiment was used in the capture of Reggio , Modena , Corregio and Carpi . It fought on August 15 in the battle near Luzzara , in which it lost the Capitaines Saint-Barthélémi, Burianne, Darreau, Saint-Benoit, Chantegris, Valdurand and Beauville as well as a large number of lieutenants and crews. The commandant, Colonel la Boulière, was wounded. The remnants of the regiment were divided up during the siege of Guastalla and Borgogorte, and also in December when Bondanella was captured.
  • 1703: In the spring it was assigned to the Vendôme corps, which wanted to unite with the Bavarian army in Tyrol. This was stopped by the Duke of Savoy. The regiment then distinguished itself in the capture of Nago and Arco and in the battle of Santa Vittoria. Soon after, back in Piedmont, it fought in the battle near San Benedetto and was involved in the capture of Asti and Villanova d'Asti .
  • 1704: Siege of Vercelli , then Ivrea
  • 1705: On March 1, the grenadiers were again at the head of the attack column on the Fort de l'Île. After a long and difficult siege, “La Marine” was assigned to the army of de Vendôme and arrived at the Muscoline camp . The grenadiers under the command of M. le Tour-Fraguier once again earned laurels in the battle of Cassano . On August 16, the regiment was again at the center of the fighting. It was used in the defense of the Ritorto bridge, which was attacked by the heads of the army of Eugen Franz, Prince of Savoy-Carignan . The grenadiers stubbornly defended the bridge, but eventually had to give up. The Colonel and a large part of the regiment were captured. Capitaine Coquet and 62 men were killed by the grenadiers, 11 officers and 97 men were wounded. The entire regiment had 53 officers killed or wounded. The Capitaines Fontenay, Montviel, La Garde, Lionse, Saint-Benoit, Saint-Surin, Descordes and Dauqueville were among the fallen. On October 16, it attacked the entrenchments of Gumbetto near Cremona, which were taken after two hours with heavy losses. After the end of the campaign, the regiment moved to Mantua .
Battle of Calcinato
  • 1706: In the battle of Calcinato the regiment belonged to the reserve and did not participate in the combat. Soon afterwards it marched on the siege of Turin , which was a failure.
  • 1707: Fighting in the Var against the troops of Prince Eugene
  • 1708: Fight with the de Villars army in the Dauphiné against the Duke of Savoy. Classified to protect the Barcelonnette valley . Conquest of Cesana Torinese .
  • 1709 to 1712: Fighting in the Dauphiné and Catalonia . Defense of the besieged Girona . Then winter quarters were moved into Provence .
  • 1713: In March, he was assigned to the army on the Rhine. Two battalions were deployed in the siege of the Landau fortress in June , supported by two battalions of the Régiment de Navarre . This was followed by the siege of Freiburg im Breisgau , during which the grenadier companies la Marguerine and de Dumont were wiped out in an attack on the covered route on October 14th. The two captains were wounded, the two lieutenants killed.
  • 1714: The regiment moved in early July as part of the French auxiliaries to the siege of Barcelona by the Spanish king. In the three weeks that "La Marine" was deployed off Barcelona, ​​it lost the Capitaines Charpentier, Crommeau and Palacin and Lieutenant La Fontaine to dead, 11 other officers were wounded.

Submission of Mallorca

  • 1715: From the garrison of Vilafranca del Penedès , the unit with the troops under the command of Claude François Bidal, 1 he marquis d'Asfeld , was transferred to Mallorca to subdue the island. First 200 grenadiers were embarked in Calalonga. On June 20, Alcúdia was taken without a fight, but there was resistance in Palma. After a single failure of the crew, this surrendered on July 3. The island was conquered within 15 days. "La Marine" then returned to Barcelona and was then relocated to France.

To replace the personnel losses, the Régiment de Noë and on August 29, the Régiment de Bellaffaire and parts of the Régiment d'Escrigny were incorporated on July 29, 1715.

Quadruple Alliance War (1717-1719)

  • 1719: The regiment was only activated that year and sent to Spain. On April 21, Bidassoa and Béhobie Castle were captured on the same day. The Capitaine de Bresse was killed. On May 27, the regiment began digging the siege trenches in front of Hondarribia and was involved in the capture of San Sebastián and its castle.
  • In 1727 the regiment was in a field camp on the Saône and in 1732 in Alsace.

War of the Polish Succession (1733-1738)

For the rest of the war the regiment was in the Electorate of Trier .
A battalion was assigned to guard the mouth of the Kyll into the Moselle , together with a battalion from the Regiment de Conti , in order to stop the advance of Count Seckendorff .
  • 1735: At the end of the year, the regiment was in the Ruwer camp and then moved to Trier and Konz .
When peace was made, the regiment was moved to Metz, where it worked on the fortifications. In October 1838 the command was sent to Verdun , 1739 to Saarlouis and Bitsch and 1740 back to Metz.

War of the Austrian Succession (1740 to 1748)

  • 1741 : The regiment left Metz and marched to the army in Bavaria, where it was assigned to the division of the Comte d'Aubigné. It penetrated Austria and Bohemia without encountering serious resistance. After taking Prague , the unit marched to Písek . On December 18, the Austrians made a sudden attack on the suburb in front of the Budweiser Tor. They penetrated through the open barriers into the suburb, where they were received by the regiments "La Marine" and La Reine with murderous defensive fire from their houses. Most of the attackers were killed, the rest were in complete disarray and retreated under cover of night. The next morning the Maréchal de Broglié sent a troop to observe the Austrians, consisting of 300 cavalrymen and four grenadier companies (two from “La Marine”, one from “La Reine” and one from “l'Alsace”). This troop acted very recklessly, was surrounded by the Austrian rearguard and destroyed. Capitaine Chevry and his lieutenant were killed by "La Marine", only 30 men, all wounded, were able to escape. The unit spent the winter in Písek, where they lost more than 800 men to illness and misery during this time.
  • 1742 : In March, deployed in the capture of Strakonice . In April the brigade's grenadiers were deployed to the siege of Eger . On May 25, the remainder of the regiment was in action near Sahay (Czech: Zahájí ) and on May 27 when taking Moldautein (Czech: Týn nad Vltavou ), where it joined the Régiment de Nice and the Régiment Royal-Allemand cavalerie was billeted. This troop was attacked on June 13 by an army of Karl Alexander of Lorraine and withdrew in such good order that it even earned them praise from the enemy commander. "La Marine" lost the Capitaine La Morandais, the Lieutenants More, du Cluzeau and La Plume as well as 132 men. It then rejoined the army of Maréchal de Broglié and brought up the rear on the march to Prague. The workforce was reduced to 656, so 800 militiamen were taken over. In the defense of Prague , the unit was again able to distinguish itself, especially in the failure on August 18, which it undertook with the Régiment de Navarre . On September 11, veteran soldiers under the command of Major Magou were combined into an elite battalion and launched a successful sortie - the trenches were leveled, the cannons boarded up and a large number of Austrians killed. At the same time, the four companies of grenadiers under Lieutenant-Colonel Beaucorroy took a blockhouse on the right side of the trenches and cut down all defenders with the saber. This action cost the unit 60 men and the Lieutenant of the Grenadiers Languedoc. These exploits completed the ruin of the regiment, and when it was necessary to begin the retreat, under the banner it was almost exclusively the men of the militia, exhausted and demoralized by the excessive demands placed on them. So the bad reputation that the regiment had since the withdrawal was completely unfounded.
  • 1743 : Back in France, the workforce was replenished to 120 officers and 1,111 men, three quarters of whom were militiamen with a six-month commitment period. Another 400 young soldiers were recruited during the new campaign, but the officer replacements were exhausted. “La Marine” joined the army of Maréchal Noailles and occupied Aschaffenburg. After the Battle of Dettingen it moved to Germersheim and joined the army of Maréchal de Cogny at the end of September. With this it contributed to the defeat of part of the army of Karl Alexander von Lothringen, which had crossed the Rhine near Rheinweiler . Winter quarters were taken in Metz.
  • 1744 : Delegation to the Moselle Army with the victory on August 13 over the Austrian General Nádasdy near Zabern. The regiment had deployed 150 men for this purpose, the Capitaines Coupigny and Geslin as well as Lieutenant Filhot fell. The battle at Auenheim (Bas-Rhin) and the attack on the trenches at Suffelsheim followed on August 23 . The campaign ended for the regiment with the siege of Freiburg im Breisgau .
  • 1745 : "La Marine" was used on the defensive along the Rhine throughout the year.
  • 1746 : March to the county of Nice with fighting against the imperial troops until they withdraw. Winter quarters were taken in Draguignan .
  • 1747 : The four grenadier companies took part in the recapture of the Îles de Lérins . The army then marched into the Var on June 3rd under the command of Maréchal de Belle-Isle . "La Marine" moved at the head of the right column and took part in the conquest of Montauban , Villefranche and Vintimille. These were the regiment's last activities during the war.
  • 1748 : “La Marine” was housed in the Sospel camp, where it remained until February 1749.
  • 1749 to 1756 : Relocation to the Cevennes and then to Nîmes , where a 5th battalion was set up. Shortly thereafter, he was transferred to Montpellier , Alès and Tournon. In October 1750 the 1st and 4th Battalions were sent to Toulouse and the other two to Montpellier. In September 1751 garrisons were moved into Bayonne , Navarreins and Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port. In October 1762 the regiment came to La Rochelle , a battalion was deployed on the Île d'Oléron . The Aunis was abandoned in 1753 and garrison in Calais . In 1754 the regiment worked on the “Canal de Picardie” and wintered in Dunkirk. During the years 1755 and 1756 “La Marine” was on duty at the port of Dunkirk. In September 1756 the unit left Dunkirk and marched on Lille .

Seven Years War (1757 to 1763)

  • 1757: In the spring, the regiment marched to Wesel , where it was incorporated into the army of Louis-Charles-César Le Tellier . In the Battle of Hastenbeck , it was able to intervene successfully in the events together with the Régiment de Picardie and thus bring about the victory of the French. The unit lost the Capitaines de Camps and Desaugiers, Lieutenant La Pleine and 400 men in this battle. This victory opened the way for the army to the Electorate of Hanover and led “La Marine” to Halberstadt . On October 7th, the unit left the city to reinforce the army in Saxony, where it arrived on October 31st. The regiment was not involved in the battle of Rossbach , it belonged to the division of the Comte de Saint-Germain, which no longer appeared on the battlefield in time. When the coalition troops withdrew, the regiment's grenadiers brought up the rear. The winter was spent in Paderborn .
  • 1758: In January the regiment was involved in the advance of a force under the Marquis de Voyer to the area around Halberstadt. The French army then withdrew to the Rhine, with "La Marine" again bringing up the rear. After reaching the Dutch border, 300 men were involved in the battle near Millingen am Rhein on June 6th. The rest of the regiment was in Kleve and distinguished itself in various skirmishes, such as Rheinfeld , the battle of Kampen monastery , the battle of Krefeld (in this the regiment lost the Capitaines Crémières, Barville, Barral, Geslin and 300 men) and the battle of Lutterberg . Then "La Marine" moved under the command of the Duc de Fitz-James to the army of Soubise in Hesse, without taking part in combat. Winter quarters were moved into Kleve.
Battle of Krefeld
  • 1759: In April Kleve was abandoned and marched to Havre , which was threatened by the British. Garrisons were taken up in the outskirts of the city, for example in Montvilliers and Harfleur .
  • 1760: The regiment arrived in Dunkirk.
  • 1761: Departure from Dunkirk on June 18 for the Pays de Caux . At the end of the year it was in Brest (Finistère) .
  • 1762: A détachement under the command of Colonel d'Haussonville was embarked on the squadron of Admiral de Ternay for Saint-Jean de Terre-Neuve , where it arrived on June 37th. The rest of the regiment left Brittany in November and went through several stations to Metz, where it arrived on June 10, 1763.
  • 1763 to 1767: In July 1764 it was stationed in the Compiègne camp . After a few maneuvers it was directed to Saarlouis and from there went to Landau in the Palatinate in October 1785. In October 1767 it was moved to Toulon .
  • 1767: On October 1st, “La Marine” was embarked for Corsica to be used in the subjugation of the island.
  • 1769: On October 1st, the unit returned to Toulon to be immediately sent to Briançon .
  • 1771 to 1776: In February the regiment was ordered to occupy various positions on the coast of Brittany. After a short time in Nantes , Auray and Hennebon, it marched on to Cambrai , where it arrived in June. From here it moved to Lille in January 1774 . The 4th Battalion went to Lorient and was embarked for Martinique on September 25th . The other battalions were divided between Calais , Rocroi and Givet. On March 25, 1776, the regiment was divided, the 2nd and the (meanwhile returned) 4th Battalion formed the Régiment d'Auxerrois .
  • 1777: Garrison was moved into Port-Louis (Morbihan) and Lorient, the 1st battalion was transferred to Belle-Île-en-Mer in February 1778 , the 2nd battalion followed in August. Back on the mainland in October, the regiment was housed in Poitiers and Saint-Jean-d'Angély . It was relocated to Paimbœuf and Lorient in July 1779. In Lorient it was reunited in June 1780, sent to Cambrai in November of the same year, then relocated to Belfort and the fortress of Hüningen in October 1781 , to Besançon in October 1782, to Monaco and Antibes in June 1788, stationed in Upper Alsace until August 1790, then seconded to Montluel and Nîmes . It arrived in Toulon on January 14, 1791 , where it remained until the outbreak of war.

Wars of the Revolution and the First Empire

  • In 1792 the 2nd battalion moved to Monaco , while the 1st battalion to the army was commanded by Général d'Anselme . The 1st Battalion distinguished itself in the battle near Sospello on November 19 and was able to suppress a revolt of the residents of Nice on December 9 .
  • 1793: At the beginning of the year the 2nd Battalion was stationed in Toulon and was still in this city when it opened up to the English and the Spanish. The part of the battalion that had been unable to escape Toulon at the time of the betrayal had been forced by the royalists to take part in the defense of the city , while the rest of the battalion stood with the besiegers. After the end of the siege, the two battalions were transferred to the Armée des Alpes .
  • October 22, 1794: In the course of the premier amalgams , the regiment was disbanded and the battalions used to set up the new demi-brigades . The 1st battalion was integrated into the "21 e demi-brigade de bataille de bataille", the 2nd battalion into the "22 e demi-brigade de bataille de bataille"
  • 1803: The previous “11 e demi-brigade d'infanterie” was renamed “11 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne”.
  • 1805: Battle of Ulm and battle near Graz
  • 1806 to 1808: with the "Armée de Dalmatie"
  • 1809: Battle of Sacile , Battle of Wagram and Battle of Znaim
  • 1813: Siege of Tortosa
  • 1813: Siege of Wittenberg , Battle of Dresden , Battle of the Nations near Leipzig and Battle of Hanau
  • March 1, 1814: Chambrey , battle of Saint-Julien-en-Genevois , defense of Belfort
  • June 18, 1815: Battle of Waterloo

losses

Colonel Aubrée: Wounded in the Battle of Waterloo and died of his wounding on June 26, 1815
Officers killed: 30
Officers died from their wounds: 8
Officers wounded: 88

1815 to 1848

Battle of Campillo de Arenas
  • 1830: By order of September 18, a 4th battalion was set up, bringing the workforce to 3000 men.
  • Between 1835 and 1839: Participation in the conquest of Algeria. The regiment distinguished itself in the siege of Constantine in 1837 .

Second empire

On August 1, 1870, the regiment belonged to the Armée du Rhin (Rhine Army). Together with the 4 e bataillon de chasseurs and the 46 e régiment d'infanterie , the regiment formed the 1st infantry brigade under Général Grenier. Together with the 2nd Infantry Brigade, two artillery batteries with four guns each, a Mitrailleuses battery and a pioneer company, the 1st Infantry Division was set up under the Général de division Goze. This division belonged to the 5th Army Corps, commanded by Général de division Pierre Louis Charles de Failly.
The regiment fought:
On August 16, 1870, the 4th Battalion, which consisted of replacement, left the depot to form the 5th March Regiment.

Third Republic

On November 24, 1870, the 8th companies of the 2nd and 3rd battalions of the regiment, which were divided into the 29th Marching Regiment, fought in the battles at Ladon , Boiscommun , Neuville-aux-Bois and Maizières in the Loiret department .

Between 1880 and 1886 the regiment was stationed in Algeria and Tunisia .

First World War

Soldiers of the 11 e RI before 1910
  • During the mobilization in 1914, the regiment was stationed in Montauban and Castelsarrazin . It belonged to the 33rd Infantry Division throughout the war.
  • 1914:
Participation in the border battles . Retreat on the left wing via Bertrix , the Luchy forest and the Meuse .
5th to 13th September: First battle of the Marne
Trench warfare in Champagne near Hurlus (Marne)
  • 1915:
Position battles in the Champagne near Perthes-lès-Hurlus
Trench warfare in the Artois near Vimy
  • 1916:
Trench warfare in the Artois near Blangy
Position battles in Champagne near Massiges (Ferme de Beauséjour)
Battle for Verdun : Fight on Froideterre
  • 1917:
Trench warfare at Moronvilliers and Le Této
  • 1918:
Attack battles near Verdun (Les Chambrettes)
Second battle of the Marne
Attack fights at the ailette
Battle of St. Quentin

Interwar period

Inactive from 1923 to 1939.

Second World War

The 11 e RI was re-established in Toulouse on September 9, 1939, under the command of Lieutenant-colonel Pamponneau by the Center Mobilisateur d'infanterie, réserve A RI type NE (CMI 171), and assigned to the 35th Infantry Division. On June 16, 1940, command passed to Commandant Nicolaï. The assignment took place on September 13, and on September 17 the unit arrived at the front. From October 1 to October 31, 1939, it was in a support position behind the Maginot Line near Rohrbach . From November 1 to November 13, 1939, it was in the Bitche sector , and from February 1 to April 14, 1940 in the Wissembourg sector. From May 24th to June 10th the regiment was engaged in defensive battles on the Canal des Ardennes in the forest of Sy, on June 11th there were retreat battles near Sainte-Menehould , on June 15th a battle near Triaucourt, on June 16th fighting near Rosnes , Villotte , Gimecourt and Beaufremont .

On June 21, 1940, the regiment fell into German captivity in the forest of Feys near Germiny and thus ceased to exist.

Awards

The flag ribbon is decorated with the Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with three palm branches for three honorable mention in the army report and a gold-plated star for a special mention in the army corps report. Croix de guerre 3 p-1 g.pngIn addition, the regiment was awarded the gold medal of the city of Milan. Medal d'or de Milan.png The members of the regiment have the right (in the event of a possible reassembly) to wear the Fourragère in the colors of the Croix de guerre 1914–1918.

Motto

His fulta manebunt
(We'll stay in the light)

Known relatives

literature

Web links

Commons : Flags of the 11th regiment d'infanterie  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

References and footnotes

  1. ↑ personal company
  2. ↑ Pierre Lemau de la Jaisse: Cinquième abrégé de la carte générale du militaire de France, sur terre et sur mer. Depuis Novembre 1737 jusqu'en Décembre 1738. Gandouin et al., Paris 1739, OCLC 458013263 .
  3. ↑ «  Décision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT du 14 September 2007 relative aux inscriptions de noms de batailles sur les drapeaux et étendards des corps de troupe de l'armée de terre, du service de santé des armées et du service des essences des armées, Bulletin officiel des armées, n ° 27, 9 November 2007  »(German:“ Provision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT of September 14, 2007 on the appearance of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the Troops of the army, the medical service and the fuel supply branch. Published with the official army bulletin No. 27 of November 9, 2007 ")
  4. ↑ "  Arrêté relatif à l'attribution de l'inscription AFN 1952–1962 sur les drapeaux et étendards des formations des armées et services, du 19 novembre 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie  " (German: "Order AFN 1952–1962 on the assignment of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the formations of the army and the services of November 19, 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie ")
  5. ↑ This also applies to units that have already been disbanded, as they can (theoretically) be put back into active service at any time
  6. ↑ Major was not a rank, but the designation for the post of the chief of regimental logistics / administration.
  7. ↑ It is not certain which of the two Caudebec it is.
  8. ↑ There is no further information.
  9. ↑ Victor Louis Jean François Belhomme: Histoire de l'infantry en France. Volume 5, p. 151.
  10. ^ Général Vinoy: Opération du 13 e corps d'armée et de la 3 e armée durant le Siège de Paris (1870). P. 7 and 15.