Aire-sur-la-Lys

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Aire-sur-la-Lys
Ariën aan de Leie
Coat of arms of Aire-sur-la-Lys
Aire-sur-la-Lys (France)
Aire-sur-la-Lys
region Hauts-de-France
Department Pas-de-Calais
Arrondissement Saint-Omer
Canton Aire-sur-la-Lys (main town)
Community association Pays de Saint-Omer
Coordinates 50 ° 38 ′  N , 2 ° 24 ′  E Coordinates: 50 ° 38 ′  N , 2 ° 24 ′  E
height 16-48 m
surface 33.38 km 2
Residents 9,871 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 296 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 62120
INSEE code 62014
Website http://www.ville-airesurlalys.fr/

Aire Town Hall with Belfry

Aire-sur-la-Lys ( Dutch Ariën aan de Lys) is a French municipality with 9871 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the Pas-de-Calais in the region of Hauts-de-France ; it belongs to the arrondissement of Saint-Omer and is the capital of the canton of Aire-sur-la-Lys .

geography

The Canal d'Aire ends here and continues into the Canal de Neuffossé , which bypasses the city to the north. Both are part of a chain of canals that have been expanded for ships with a loading capacity of up to 3,000 tons and form the large shipping route Dunkirk-Scheldt . The original route of the canals has crossed the city and is still preserved as a city harbor. Furthermore, the city is passed by the river Leie (French: Lys ) in a west-east direction, which crosses the large shipping route and is also available for shipping as a canalized river.

history

Aire-sur-la-Lys is first mentioned around 855, when there was only a monastery on the site of the current city, which the Normans later destroyed; but the existence of this monastery was also denied. The Counts of Flanders then founded a castle there and Count Baldwin V also built the collegiate church of Saint-Pierre from around 1059 . Count Robert II granted the residents of the village some freedom in 1093 or 1101, and at the same time the citizens bought the first parish land from their overlord. Citizens' privileges were confirmed several times during the 12th century. However, only the Aire 1188 granted by Count Philip of Alsace to the city ​​charter (so-called charte de l'Amitié ), which again recognized the communal freedoms granted earlier. The l'Amitié ( amicitae communis ) was an association of solidarity, oath-bound citizens who had administrative and judicial powers. The magistrates of this league were Ruward ( praefectus amicitiae ) , who was at the head, and twelve jury members ( selecti judices ). In the course of the 13th century these magistrates received the more common designations mayeur (mayor) and échevins ( lay judges). The overlord had his authority exercised first through a castellan who oversaw the castle of Aire, and later through a Bailli .

Aire was part of Isabella's dowry when she married King Philip II August in 1180 , who also confirmed the charte de l'Amitié . But as early as 1198, Count Baldwin IX conquered . from Flanders Aire and was able to keep it in the Peace of Péronne 1200 . Ferdinand of Portugal had to surrender the city again in 1212. In 1237, Aire became part of County Artois . Countess Margarete gave the city new, very oligarchical statutes in 1374; the city administration was now in the hands of a few families loyal to their overlord. Margarete's granddaughter, Countess Margaret III. of Flanders, married Philip the Bold , and subsequently Aire fell to the Duchy of Burgundy in 1384 . The later Duke Philip the Good carried out the solemn funeral of his two uncles, who were killed in the Battle of Azincourt, in Aire in 1415 . After the death of Charles the Bold (1477), King Louis XI took possession of it . 1482 of the city.

In 1498, however, Louis XII handed over . Aire to Archduke Philip the Fair , which brought it to the House of Austria. Charles V confirmed his privileges in 1516. The French under the Marquis of Melleray conquered the city on July 26, 1641 after a two-month siege, but lost it again to the Spanish on December 7, 1641. The Peace of the Pyrenees (1659) left Spain in the possession of Aire. The Marshal of Humières took the city on July 31, 1676, which again came to France. Vauban , who had helped to storm it, modernized its fortifications. During the War of the Spanish Succession , Marlborough and Prince Eugene took possession of the city on November 8, 1710, but it finally passed to France in the Peace of Utrecht (1713).

Population development
year 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2009
Residents 9,179 9,184 9,535 9,529 9,655 9,785

Attractions

Church Saint-Pierre
  • The parish church of St-Pierre d'Aire-sur-la-Lys is a former collegiate church, largely built in the 16th century in the late Gothic flamboyant style on the site of a dilapidated previous building . The tower, which was only completed in 1624, was rebuilt in the 18th century after a collapse. The building has served as a parish church since 1802. It has been classified as a Monument historique since 1862 and is a listed building as such . The apse, which was damaged by bombs in August 1944, has been faithfully reconstructed. The foundations of the older Romanesque church, built by order of Baldwin V of Flanders from around 1059 and consecrated in 1166 by Bishop Milon I of Thérouanne, were exposed under the choir from 1983. They can be viewed thanks to a glass plate in the floor. The organ case (1633), which was in the Cistercian Abbey of Clairmarais before the revolution , is particularly noteworthy .

Are also worth seeing

Born in Aire

Town twinning

literature

Web links

Commons : Aire-sur-la-Lys  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Arias in the Topographia Circuli Burgundici (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts