Calderonite
| Calderonite | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| General and classification | |
| other names |
IMA 2001-022 |
| chemical formula | Pb 2 Fe 3+ [OH | (VO 4 ) 2 ] |
|
Mineral class (and possibly department) |
Phosphates, arsenates and vanadates |
|
System no. to Strunz and to Dana |
8.BG.05 ( 8th edition : VII / B.24) 02/40/08/04 |
| Crystallographic Data | |
| Crystal system | monoclinic |
| Crystal class ; symbol | monoclinic prismatic; 2 / m |
| Space group | P 2 1 / m (No. 11) |
| Lattice parameters |
a = 7.649 Å ; b = 6.101 Å; c = 8.904 Å β = 112.23 ° |
| Formula units | Z = 2 |
| Physical Properties | |
| Mohs hardness | 3 to 4 |
| Density (g / cm 3 ) | calculated: 6.05 |
| Cleavage | Please complete |
| Break ; Tenacity | splintery |
| colour | orange-red to red-brown |
| Line color | red |
| transparency | transparent to translucent |
| shine | Glass gloss |
| Crystal optics | |
| Axis angle | 2V = 86 ° |
| Pleochroism | strongly under polarized light: X = light greenish brown, Y = brown, Z = reddish brown |
Calderónite is a rarely occurring mineral from the mineral class of " phosphates , arsenates and vanadates ". It crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with the composition Pb 2 Fe 3+ [OH | (VO 4 ) 2 ], and is thus chemically seen a lead - iron vanadate and the Fe 3+ analogue of Brackebuschit .
Calderónit develops transparent to translucent, prismatic crystals with a maximum length of one millimeter with an orange-red to red-brown color with a red streak .
Etymology and history
Calderónit was first discovered in 2001 in the “Las Colmenitas” mine near Santa Marta de los Barros in the Spanish autonomous community of Extremadura . It was described in 2003 by José González del Tánago, Ángel la Iglesia, Jordi Rius and Soledad Fernández Santín, who named the mineral after Salvador Calderón (1852-1911), in recognition of its important contribution to the mineralogy of Spain.
classification
In the meantime outdated, but still in use 8th edition of the mineral classification by Strunz of Calderónit belonged to the department of "water clear phosphates with foreign anions " where he along with Arsenbrackebuschit , Arsentsumebit , Bearthit , Brackebuschit , Bushmakinit , Feinglosit , Gamagarit , Goedkenit , Jamesit , Lulzacit , Tokyoit and Tsumebit the "Brackebuschit group" with the system no. VII / B.24 .
The 9th edition of Strunz's mineral systematics , which has been in effect since 2001 and is used by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA), also assigns calderonite to the category of “phosphates, etc. with additional anions; without H 2 O “. However, this section is further subdivided according to the relative size of the cations involved as well as the molar ratio of the other anions to the phosphate, arsenate or vanadate complex (RO 4 ), so that the mineral is classified in the sub-section “With medium-sized and large cations; (OH etc.): RO 4 = 0.5: 1 ”can be found where it is in the“ Brackebuschit group ”with the system no. 8.BG.05 can be found.
The systematics of minerals according to Dana , which is mainly used in the English-speaking area , also classifies the calderónite in the category of "water-containing phosphates, etc.". Here it forms together with brackebushite, arsenic brackebuschite, feinglosite and bushmakinite also the " brackish bushite group " with the system no. 02/40/08 within the subdivision of "Water-containing phosphates etc., with A 2+ (B 2+ ) 2 (XO 4 ) × x (H 2 O)".
Crystal structure
Calderónite crystallizes monoclinically in the space group P 2 1 / m (space group no. 11) with the lattice parameters a = 7.649 Å ; b = 6.101 Å; c = 8.904 Å and β = 112.23 ° and 2 formula units per unit cell .
Education and Locations
Calderónite forms in the upper oxidation zone of hydrothermal lead-zinc deposits . The accompanying minerals include chalcopyrite , descloicite , galena , pyrite and sphalerite .
Besides its type locality pit "Las Colmenitas" the mineral in Spain was still in the also near Santa Marta powered mine "Reserva" and in the lead-zinc deposit in Azuaga in the Extremadura and in the pit "María Josefa" in Rodalquilar in Andalusia being found.
The only previously known site in Austria is the “Nepomuk” pit on the Galmeikogel near Annaberg in Lower Austria.
Other previously known sites (as of 2012) are the “Venus” pit near El Guaico (Sierra de Córdoba) in the Argentine Department of Punilla ; the "Iron Monarch" open pit mine at Iron Knob in South Australia ; Isallo in the northern Italian municipality of Magliolo ; the “Enmei” mine near Shizuoka on the Japanese island of Honshū and the “Manila” mine near Tombstone , “C and B” near Christmas ( Gila County ) and “Evening Star” near Tiger Wash ( Maricopa County ) in Arizona, the Paradox Valley in Montrose County , Colorado, the Gold Quarry mine in Eureka County and the Silver Coin mine in Humboldt County , Nevada, and the Magnitude mine in Box Elder County , Utah.
See also
literature
- José González del Tánago, Ángel la Iglesia, Jordi Rius, Soledad Fernández Santín: Calderonite, a new lead-iron-vanadate of the brackebuschite group , in: American Mineralogist , Volume 88 (2003), pp. 1703–1708 ( PDF 861, 5 kB )
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Stefan Weiß: The large Lapis mineral directory. All minerals from A - Z and their properties . 5th completely revised and supplemented edition. Weise, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-921656-70-9 .
- ↑ a b c Webmineral - Calderónite
- ↑ a b c American-Mineralogist-Crystal-Structure-Database - Calderónite
- ^ Mindat - Calderónite