Canosa di Puglia

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Canosa di Puglia
coat of arms
Canosa di Puglia (Italy)
Canosa di Puglia
Country Italy
region Apulia
province Barletta-Andria-Trani  (BT)
Coordinates 41 ° 13 '  N , 16 ° 4'  E Coordinates: 41 ° 13 '22 "  N , 16 ° 3' 59"  E
height 140  m slm
surface 149 km²
Residents 29,257 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 196 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 76012
prefix 0883
ISTAT number 110004
Popular name Canosini
Patron saint San Sabino
Website Canosa di Puglia
View over Canosa
View over Canosa

Canosa di Puglia is an Italian municipality with 29,257 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) in the province of Barletta-Andria-Trani and the Apulia region . The municipality gives its name to the red wine Rosso Canosa .

geography

Canosa is located on the slopes of the Murge near the Ofanto River .

The neighboring communities are Andria , Barletta , Cerignola ( FG ), Lavello ( PZ ), Minervino Murge and San Ferdinando di Puglia .

Legend

Canusium , as the city was called by the Romans, is believed to have been founded by Diomedes , a hero of the Trojan War , according to mythology .

history

Greek coin from Canosa, 3rd century BC. Chr.

The city has existed at least since the 7th century BC. According to the founding legend, Canosa, in Greek Canousion, was founded by Diomedes . In the 4th century BC The city was already secured by a city wall and had an acropolis and a necropolis. In 318 BC The city allied itself with the Roman Empire and became a garrison town as Canusium . In 88 BC BC she rose to the municipality . Under the Romans it became a center of wool processing , and the area's ceramics also had a good reputation. In the 2nd century Canosa became the Colonia Aurelia Augusta Pia Canusium under Emperor  Antoninus Pius , in 109 the Via Traiana reached the city and in 141 an aqueduct was completed for a better water supply . In the 3rd century it became the capital of the Roman province of Apulia et Calabria . In 343 the acts of the Council of Serdica (today Sofia in Bulgaria) mention Bishop Stercorius from Canosa. The Battistero di San Giovanni and the basilica of San Leucio , built on the ground plan of a Roman temple, go back to Bishop Sabinus (514-566) . In the early Middle Ages Canosa was occupied by the Byzantines , who installed the first archbishop in 835, and destroyed by the Saracens in 845 and 875/876 . From the 11th century, the city regained its former military importance under the Normans. During the crusade of Frederick II she did not bow to the pressure of the Pope and received the emperor after his return in 1229. Canosa was destroyed several times under the Anjou, occupied by Spanish troops in 1502 and then belonged to various noble families. The city was also destroyed several times by earthquakes.

Canosa belonged to the province of Bari until 2004, but was then assigned to the newly formed province of Barletta-Andria-Trani along with six other places from this province and three places from the province of Foggia .

Attractions

San Sabino Cathedral
The Cathedra in San Sabino

San Sabino Cathedral

The Ponte Romano
Porta Varonne

The cathedral , begun in the 11th century, consecrated in 1101 with the participation of Pope Paschal II and often rebuilt, houses the tomb of Bohemond of Taranto , son of Robert Guiskard , in an extension on the south wall of the nave . The entire building is influenced by styles from the Orient . For example, the domed roof with two domes over the nave and three over the transept is in the Byzantine style. In the 19th century the first three bays and the classical facade were added. According to the inscription, the bishop's throne ( cathedra ) with the two elephants is the work of the sculptor Romualdus . The client was the last Archbishop of Canosa, who was murdered in 1089 , Ursus (1079-1088). The front plate with two eagles was probably added later.

The pulpit, adorned with a magnificent eagle standing on a human head, made of almost black marble, was created by the sculptor and archdeacon Acceptus and is the oldest and best preserved in Apulia. It goes back to Byzantine models. Fragments from the workshop of Acceptus can also be found in the grotto church in Monte Sant'Angelo and in Santa Maria in Siponto . The ciborium above the main altar is a replica from 1905. The tomb of Bohemond (Tomba di Boemondo) was commissioned by his mother or wife after his death in 1111. The mausoleum is reminiscent of Syrian tombs. The left wing of the bronze door through which one enters the mausoleum was probably originally created for the portal of the cathedral. It is adorned with a wide decorative ribbon and symbols that resemble Kufic script. The verses that proclaim Bohemond's fame, like the right wing of the door, are the work of a bell founder Roger from Melfi . Are on the right wing, in niello , presumably Bohemond and his half-brother Roger Bursa and including, among others, his son Bohemund II. Represented.

The cathedral is dedicated to San Sabino, a bishop of Canosas in the 6th century. Titular Archbishop of the extinct Diocese of Canosa is Celestino Migliore.

  • Bohemond's mausoleum

  • Bronze door to the mausoleum

  • Drawing of the bronze door from 1901

  • the pulpit

  • Detail view

  • Frescoes in the aisle

Roman bridge

A Roman stone bridge has been crossing the Ofanto river since the 2nd century, and it was part of the Via Traiana. The bridge was redesigned in the Middle Ages and was used by normal road traffic until the 1970s.

Triumphal arch

Also in the 2nd century, the Porta Varonne, a triumphal arch, was built in honor of Gaius Terentius Varro . It reminds of the battle of Cannae .

Town twinning

Sister cities of Canosas are

Personalities

literature

  • Carl Arnold Willemsen , Apulia. Cathedrals and castles. An art guide through the Norman-Staufer Apulia , Cologne 1971, pp. 69–76 ISBN 3-7701-0581-8
  • Ekkehart Rotter: Apulia . Trips to Byzantine grotto churches, Norman cathedrals, Hohenstaufen forts and baroque buildings in Lecce. (=  DuMont art travel guide ). 6th edition. Dumont Reise Verlag, Ostfildern 2012, ISBN 3-7701-4314-0 .

Web links

Commons : Canosa di Puglia  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
  2. ↑ www.comune-italia.it/comune-canosa-di-puglia