Cavendish (Vermont)

Cavendish
Buildings in Cavendish
Location in Vermont
Cavendish
Basic data
Foundation :	October 12, 1761
State :	United States
State :	Vermont
County :	Windsor County
Coordinates :	43 ° 23 ′  N , 72 ° 37 ′  W Coordinates: 43 ° 23 ′  N , 72 ° 37 ′  W
Time zone :	Eastern ( UTC − 5 / −4 )
Residents :	1,367 (as of 2010)
Population density :	13.4 inhabitants per km 2
Area :	102.8 km 2  (approx. 40 mi 2 ) of which 102.2 km 2  (approx. 39 mi 2 ) is land
Height :	286 m
Postal code :	05142
Area code :	+1 802
FIPS :	50-12250
GNIS ID :	1462066
Website :	www.cavendishvt.com

Cavendish is a town in Windsor County , Vermont , United States with 1,367 residents (2010 census).

geography

Geographical location

The town is centrally located in the southern part of Windsor County, in the eastern foothills of the Green Mountains . The terrain is hilly. The Black River flows through Cavendish in a west-east direction. There are several waterfalls in the area of ​​the town. It has various small northern and southern tributaries. In the north there is an extension of the Knapp Brook Wildlife Management Area, in the south the Hawks Mountain Wildlife Management Area with the 645 m high Hawks Mountain and in the southwest the Proctor - Piper State Forest. Vermont State Route 131 follows the course of the Black River in an east-west direction, joins State Route 103 coming from the south and this leaves the town in a westward direction.

Neighboring communities

All distances are given as straight lines between the official coordinates of the places from the 2010 census.

• North: Reading , 2.1 mi
• Northeast: West Windsor , 6.9 mi
• East: Weathersfield , 8.5 mi
• Southeast: Baltimore , 2.9 mi
• South: Chester , 3.1 mi
• West: Ludlow , 7.2 mi
• Northwest: Plymouth , 7.5 mi

City structure

In the area of ​​the town are the Villages Duttonsville and Proctorsville Village.

climate

Town of Cavendish, Vermont
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     81   -2 -14     72   0 -14     88   5 -8th     92   13 -1     95   20th 5     102   25th 10     101   28 12     89   26th 11     91   22nd 7th     93   15th 1     97   7th -3     86   0 -10 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: www.weatherbase.com

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Town of Cavendish, Vermont Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) -1.6 -0.1 5.2 12.7 20.4 25.1 27.6 26.3 21.8 15.2 7.3 0.2 O 13.4 Min. Temperature (° C) -14.0 -13.7 -7.7 -1.4 4.6 9.7 12.4 11.2 7.1 1.1 -3.4 -10.4 O −0.3 Precipitation ( mm ) 81 72 88 92 95 102 101 89 91 93 97 86 Σ 1,087 Rainy days ( d ) 11 10 11 11 13 13 12 11 11 11 11 11 Σ 136 Source: www.weatherbase.com

On a long-term average, around 218 cm of snow fall per year, with peaks in December (42.9 cm), January (46.5 cm), February (48.8 cm) and March (41.4 cm). Only July, August and September are considered to be safely free of snow.

history

Benning Wentworth as governor of New Hampshire founded Cavendish on October 12, 1761 as part of the New Hampshire Grants , there was another grant from the Province of New York on June 16, 1762. Cavendish was probably named by Wentworth after William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire .

The first settlers to reach Cavendish were John and Susanna Coffeen with three children in 1769. The village was named Duttonsville after Salmon Dutton, who settled in Cavendish in 1781, and Proctorsville after Leonard Proctor, who reached the town in 1782.

In 1793 Cavendish was downsized and the southeast corner of approximately 1,214 hectares (3000 acres ) of the town became the independent town of Baltimore. This was due to the remote location south of Hawks Mountain. In 1841, the Town of Chester split off to the south with 809 hectares (2000 acres).

The first settlers settled on the heights as it was easier to clear the land there. Grain was grown and sheep were kept. At the beginning of the 19th century there were three flour mills, eight sawmills, three carding works , two wool factories, a nail factory, three tanneries, a sheet metal processing facility, an oven factory, a hat factory and other companies. Other trades were added later.

Phineas Gage had a spectacular accident in Cavendish when he was working on the railway line to Cavendish in 1848. An iron rod pierced his skull, entered the head below the left cheekbone, and exited the top of the head. He survived this accident and the accident was of great importance for neuroscientific research, because recovery and changes in character could be observed as a result.

With a donation of 171.5 hectares (424 acres), the Proctor Piper State Forest was established in 1914. Another donation in the mid-1930s added 121.4 hectares (300 acres) and later another 283 hectares (700 acres).

The 1927 New England hurricane overflowed the Black River, damaging several buildings, garages, and automobiles in Lower Cavendish Village. The town was also hit by the New England hurricane of 1938. Thousands of trees were knocked down and the streets blocked. Another flood hit Cavendish in 1973, damaging roads and bridges. A tornado caused damage in 2003 and Hurricane Irene also hit Cavendish hard in 2011.

Alexander Solzhenitsyn , Nobel Prize Winner, Author, and Dissident, lived in Cavendish from 1977 to 1994. After the end of the Soviet Union , he returned to Russia .

Religions

There is the Roman Catholic Church of Holy Name of Mary in Cavendish and the Methodist Church of St. James in Proctorsville .

Population development

Census Results - Town of Cavendish, Vermont
year	1700	1710	1720	1730	1740	1750	1760	1770	1780	1790
Residents										491
year	1800	1810	1820	1830	1840	1850	1860	1870	1880	1890
Residents	922	1295	1551	1498	1427	1576	1539	1823	1276	1172
year	1900	1910	1920	1930	1940	1950	1960	1970	1980	1990
Residents	1352	1208	1319	1418	1398	1374	1223	1264	1355	1323
year	2000	2010	2020	2030	2040	2050	2060	2070	2080	2090
Residents	1470	1367

Culture and sights

Parks

The Proctor Piper State Forest is a state forest that is located on both sides of the Proctorville Gulf. The terrain is steep and has many types of forest and a mountain stream along the main road. Picnic areas and paths were created by the Civilian Conservation Corps . The CCC camp is also still in the forest.

To the east of the state park is the Hawks Mountain Wildlife Management Area. The forest rights are still with the previous owners. The terrain is steep and rocky, rising from the Black River valley to the 645 m high Hawks Mountain. The area is home to porcupines and lynxes. It is overgrown with sugar maple, birch and beech trees and also with spruce and red oak. Seasonal bears are in this area.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

The main thoroughfare in Cavendish is Vermont State Route 131, which runs east to west, and State Route 103, which joins State Route 131 in the south. The Bellows Falls – Burlington railway runs through Cavendish and Proctorville.

Public facilities

The Springfield Hospital in Springfield is the nearest hospital for Cavendish.

The Cavendish Fletcher Community Library is located in Proctorville . This is available to the students of the elementary school and the residents of the town.

There are 8 cemeteries in Cavendish. With the exception of the Pest Cementary, which was in use from 1811 to 1815, burials take place in all other cemeteries.

education

Cavendish is part of the Two Rivers Supervisory Union with Andover, Baltimore, Chester, Ludlow, Mt. Holly and Plymouth .

In Cavendish's history there were ten small schools at the same time, with classes from first to eighth, spread across the town. Today in Proctorsville there is the Cavendish Town Elementary School with classes from kindergarten through sixth grade.

Grades 7-12 students can attend Green Mountain Union High School in Chester .

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

• Richard Fletcher (1788–1869), politician
• Ryland Fletcher (1799-1885), politician
• Redfield Proctor (1831-1908), politician
• Henry A. Fletcher (1839-1897), politician
• Fletcher D. Proctor (1860-1911), politician
• Nettie Stevens (1861-1912), geneticist

Personalities who have worked on site

• Alexander Solzhenitsyn (1918–2008), Russian Nobel Prize winner for literature, lived in exile in Cavendish

literature

• Zadock Thompson: History of Vermont, natural, civil and statistical, in Three Parts . Part 3. Chauncey Goodrich, Burlington 1842, p. 24 f . (English, digitized version ).

Web links

Commons : Cavendish, Vermont  - collection of pictures, videos, and audio files

• Homepage of the municipality (English)
• Profile of the municipality on the official portal www.Vermont.gov
• Entry on VirtualVermont (English) ( Memento from March 26, 2017 in the Internet Archive )

Individual evidence

1. ^ Cavendish in the Geographic Names Information System of the United States Geological Survey , accessed September 15, 2016
2. ↑ Population data from the 2010 US Census in the American Factfinder
3. ^ ^{A b} Zadock Thompson: History of Vermont, natural, civil and statistical, in Three Parts . Part 3. Chauncey Goodrich, Burlington 1842, p. 47 ( digitized version ).
4. ^ Edward Hitchcock: Report on the Geology of Vermont . 1831, p. 120 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
5. ^ Hawks Mountain. In: peakery.com. Retrieved September 15, 2016 . 
6. ↑ Coordinates of the locations of the Census Authority 2010
7. ↑ ^{a b} Cavendish on Virtual Vermont , accessed September 15, 2016.
8. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Cavendish, Town of Cavendish, Vermont USA Cavendish, VT Historic Cavendish, Cavendish, Town Office Cavendish, Cavendish Municipal. In: cavendishvt.com. Retrieved September 15, 2016 . 
9. ↑ Population 1790–2010 according to the census results
10. ^ Proctor Piper State Forest | fpr. In: vermont.gov. fpr.vermont.gov, accessed September 15, 2016 . 
11. ^ Hawks Mountain Wildlife Management Area | fpr. (No longer available online.) In: vermont.gov. fpr.vermont.gov, archived from the original on September 16, 2016 ; accessed on September 15, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
12. ↑ cavendishlibrary. (No longer available online.) In: google.com. sites.google.com, archived from the original on September 16, 2016 ; accessed on September 15, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
13. ^ Cementarys in Cavendish , accessed September 15, 2016.
14. ^ Two Rivers Supervisory Union , accessed June 11, 2017
15. ↑ Cavendish Semiquincentennial: Cavendish Cemeteries. In: blogspot.de. cavendishhistoricalsocietynews.blogspot.de, accessed on September 15, 2016 .