Cavriani (noble family)
The Counts of Cavriani come from an old Italian noble family , which later could count themselves to the Austrian high nobility because they sat in the manor house of the Austrian Empire.
history
origin
The Cavriani family comes from the later Duchy of Mantua in Lombardy and appeared from the 12th century. The previous name was Capriani, which in turn probably comes from the place of origin of the Cavriana family .
Conradinus was appointed baron by Emperor Charles IV in 1359 . Almost a hundred years later, a Johann (Giovanni) Cavriani received from Emperor Friedrich III in 1452 . the baron class. The family was an important part of the Gonzaga rule . One of the bishops of Mantua was Galeazzo Cavriani (1444–1466).
Friedrich (Frederico) (* 1518 in Mantua ; † October 1, 1566), son of Johann (Giovanni) (* 1477; † July 11, 1552) and the Costanza de Salis Salla, was imperial governor in the Principality of Piombino , and emperor in 1548 Ferdinand I confirmed the lordship for his sex and added the coat of arms with the double imperial eagle. He was married to Cornelia Copini since 1561 (* May 22, 1540, † May 19, 1579).
Ottaviano, also Ottavio (* around 1530; † January 27, 1618), a son of Frederick who was probably premarital or from a previous marriage, came to the imperial court, served as imperial lieutenant colonel in 1579 , was later appointed chief stableman of Archduke Matthias and held this position even after the archduke became emperor. In 1610 he gained the post of captain of the royal crown rule Hungarian Altenburg. In 1605 he acquired what has since been known as the Palais Cavriani. With a prescription dated July 26, 1613, Emperor Mathias awarded him the castle and lordship of Unter-Waltersdorf including the Schöngrabern estates and the derelict Schranawand fortress . Ottaviano was married to Elisabeth Magdalena Freiin von Khuen, the daughter of the former Colonel stable master Rudolph Khuen; he died without descent. Since the marriage remained without descendants entitled to inheritance, the entire property of Ottaviano, including the lords of Unterwaltersdorf and Schöngrabern, passed on April 20, 1618 to his nephew Friedrich Karl (1597–1662) as his universal heir. Alois (Luigi) (1570–1626), a legitimate son of Frederick, married on May 17, 1593 Ortensia, contessa di Rogna.
The Cavriani in Austria
Friedrich von Cavriani (* 1597 in Mantua ; † May 6, 1662 in Vienna ), eldest son of Alois (Luigi), was the sole heir of the lords of Unterwaltersdorf and the beautiful diggers of his uncle Ottaviano. He bought it in 1620 from Emperor Ferdinand II , who in turn elevated the rule to a barony with a diploma on October 14, 1620, which is why the whole family received the title of "Barons of Unterwaltersdorf". As a result, she was incorporated into the gentry in Lower Austria and made her home here. Friedrich was imperial chamberlain, at times also imperial ambassador, from 1655 a real secret councilor and from 1655 to 1662 chief steward of the Empress Eleonore of Mantua . After the regent of the Principality of Mantua Luisa Maria Gonzaga had given him the title of margrave ( Marchese ) in 1638 , Emperor Ferdinand III elevated him . with a diploma of March 10, 1643 in the imperial count state. Since 1644 the count was also owner of the Schleb (Žleby) dominion in Bohemia and the Pragstein dominion in Mauthausen, Upper Austria, and from 1658 the Markt Reisenberg (Lower Austria) and Veste Scharfeneck in Mannersdorf am Leithagebirge, Lower Austria, and from 1658 he was the lien holder of the Freistadt dominion (Upper Austria) and house (near Wartberg ob der Aist, Upper Austria). He also owned the Palais Cavriani. He was married to Elisabeth, Countess of Meggau (* around 1615; † April 18, 1684) in 1636 and had 14 children with her, five of whom died early. All Austrian members of the Cavriani family descend from this couple. Friedrich was also the founder of a chapel and the associated family crypt in the north aisle of St. Michaelskirche in Vienna in 1654.
Franz Karl (born September 4, 1637; † April 17, 1696), son and sole heir of Friedrich, was Imperial Chamberlain, Privy Councilor, Lieutenant General Field Marshal, Captain of the Trabant Body Guard and Colonel Court Master. He was the only one to have male descendants. The officer married Cecilia Renata Countess von Waldstein (February 27, 1643 - January 31, 1704), daughter of Count Ladislaus Burian von Waldstein and Countess Anna Maria von Starhemberg . Of his two sons Friedrich Lorenz (* August 11, 1687; † February 8, 1745) and Leopold Karl (* November 25, 1665 in Vienna; † April 15, 1721 ibid) only the latter reproduced in the male line.
Leopold Karl was a kk chamberlain and chief steward. Since 1715 he was the owner of the Seibersdorf (Lower Austria) rule and the Reisenberg (Lower Austria) rule, inherited from his father, which he incorporated into his Seibersdorf rule, as well as the Pragstein and Mauthausen pledges (Upper Austria) from 1709 and the Freistadt (Upper Austria ) pledge until 1709 as well as house (near Wartberg ob der Aist, Upper Austria). He also inherited the Palais Cavriani , Bräunerstraße 8 / Habsburgergasse 5, in Vienna 1 from his father Franz Karl . He was also the owner of the Unterwaltersdorf and Schöngrabern estate, inherited from his father, on May 4, 1703, which he bequeathed to his son Maximilian Guidobald. Of the four sons from his marriage to Maria Susanna, Freiin von Gilleis zu Sonnberg and Roschalla (* December 5, 1681; † July 7, 1739), Ferdinand Ludwig and Lieutenant General Franz Karl (see below) remained single, the other two each donated his own line: Maximilian Guidobald the older branch in Lower Austria and Christoph the younger, the so-called Bohemian line.
Lower Austrian line
Maximilian Guidobald Graf von Cavriani, baron of Unterwaltersdorf and Schöngrabern (born June 26, 1704 in Fracstein (zu Seewis), Canton of Graubünden ; † October 7, 1776 in Linz ), Leopold Carl's older son, lord of the lords of Seiberstorf, Reisenberg, Unterwaltersdorf, Matthausen and Pragstein in Austria under and whether the Enns and Castelleto in Mantuan, kk Real Privy Councilor and Chamberlain , was initially Lower Austrian Regimental Council, 1738 Imperial Court Chamber Council, then Representation and Chamber Council , in 1750 Catering Court Commission President of the Foundations and Almshouses, then, since 1765, Chief Chamberlain of Archduchess Maria Christina, married Duchess of Saxony-Teschen . He had the Palais Cavriani inherited from his father completely rebuilt in 1723. Since August 7, 1727, his wife was Maria Aloysia (born January 1, 1704 in Linz; † December 29, 1772 in Vienna), Lady of the Star Cross , daughter of Count Christoph Wilhelm von Thürheim , former governor of Austria ob der Enns and Maria Franziska Michaela Countess of Kuefstein . From him arose next to eight daughters as the only son mentioned below Ludwig Graf von Cavriani . A grandson of this Ludwig was Field Marshal Lieutenant Karl (1803-1870), also listed below.
Maximilian Franz Graf von Cavriani, Baron von Unterwaltersdorf (born May 11, 1773 in Seibersdorf, Lower Austria; † February 1, 1837 in Vienna), Ludwig's eldest son, was an Imperial and Royal Chamberlain, Privy Councilor and Chief Silver Chamberlain, most recently district commissioner in Przemyśl, Galicia and Lodomeria. He was the owner of the Seibersdorf and Reisenberg rule (Lower Austria). He also inherited the aforementioned Palais Cavriani in Vienna from his father. On January 8, 1801, he married Countess Jozefa Esterházy von Galántha (born June 15, 1780 in Vienna, † March 10, 1821 ibid), lady of the star cross and lady in waiting. Three children arose from this connection, including Karl (1803–1870), later mentioned below, the Imperial and Royal Field Marshal Lieutenant Karl (1803-1870). His younger brother, Ludwig's sixth child, Christof Gabriel Balthasar (* March 24, 1780 in Vienna; † March 6, 1857 there) was an Imperial and Royal Chamberlain and Major , Knight of the Teutonic Order (Land-Komtur), lawyer and since 1816 owner of the Lordship of Upper Zerekwe (Horní Cerekev) . He married on May 25, 1811 with Elisabeth (Theresia) Countess of Cavriani (* July 4, 1793, † October 30, 1825) of the Bohemian line.
Bohemian line
Christoph Graf von Cavriani, Freiherr auf Unterwaltersdorf (born April 1, 1715 at Pragstein Castle; † 1783), Lord of the Lords Kostelez (Kostelec u Holešova) ob der Adler and Przestawelk in Bohemia, Leopold Carl's youngest son, was kk chamberlain, then Real Privy Council, and from 1764 to 1779 Colonel Judge in Lower Austria, married Countess Maria Elisabeth Jaruba von Hustrczan (born November 13, 1717; † 1781) in 1744, who brought him the aforementioned Bohemian dominions.
Family members of the Count Cavriani also served in high positions in the army and administration. Since 1861, as one of three margravial families, they received a hereditary seat in the manor house , the upper house of the Austrian Imperial Council .
Possessions
Over time, the family acquired several properties in the Habsburg Empire. The counts had the Palais Cavriani built in Vienna (owned by the family from 1605 to 1923). The property included the Fideikommiss lordships in Unterwaltersdorf with Schöngrabern Castle (1613-?), Kreuzen Castle (1716–54), Pragstein Castle (1644–1770), Haus Castle (Wartberg ob der Aist) (17th century - 1708) and Seibersdorf Castle (1715–1932).
In Bohemia and Moravia, they owned the municipalities of Wessela (Veselá u Častrova) , Kostelez (Kostelec u Holešova) ob der Adler and Przestawelk as well as Vulture Mountain (Letohrad) , Wostratschin and the village of Kavriánov, named after the Moravian gubernial councilor .
In Mantua there is still the Palazzo Cavriani on via Trento. It received its present appearance between 1736 and 1756 under the direction of Alfonso Torreggiani . Another building is the Villa Cavriani on Strada Statale Ostigliese in Garolda near Mantua and the Villa Vecelli-Cavriani in Mozzecane .
coat of arms
1359: Three slanted black bars in silver (D'argento a tre bande di nero). Above the crowned helmet is a growing silver unicorn looking to the right.
1643 : Squared shield with central shield. Middle shield in silver with three diagonal black bars. 1 and 4 in silver the double imperial black eagle with outstretched wings and claws. 2 and 3 in black a growing silver unicorn looking to the right. (Wissgrill lets the same grow out of a three-fold white hill, and in the book of arms of the Austrian monarchy a whole silver unicorn jumps to the right from a green hill.) The shield is covered by two crowned helmets. On the right is the eagle of the 1st and 4th field, and the unicorn of the 2nd and 3rd field grows out of the left. The helmet covers are black and silver.
Family coat of arms of the Cavriani, simple form
Coat of arms of Ferdinand von Cavriani, 1656
Coat of arms of the Counts of Cavriani, 1643
Coat of arms of the Italian line of the Cavriani
Coat of arms of the Italian line of the Cavriani, 17th century.
Personalities
- Johann Aloys Graf von Cavriani († 1693), the youngest son of Friedrich (1597–1662), was an imperial treasurer, and on April 27, 1692 was promoted to sergeant-general and owner of a regiment on horseback. According to Wissgrill, he is said to have been promoted to Lieutenant General Field Marshal.
- Franz Karl Graf von Cavriani (1707–1788) was an imperial chamberlain, was general field sergeant on July 29, 1745, field marshal lieutenant on January 18, 1758 and in 1766 was retired. He was also temporarily director of the Imperial and Royal Military Academy.
- Ludwig Graf von Cavriani (1739–1799), Baron von Unterwaltersdorf, was among other things governor and governor of Moravia , then supreme burgrave and governor of the Kingdom of Bohemia .
- Karl Graf von Cavriani (* July 8, 1803 in Seibersdorf; † July 23, 1870 there), grandson of Leopold Karl, was promoted to major general on January 27, 1849, then promoted to field marshal lieutenant on January 13, 1852 in the Dragoon Regiment No. 11 and resigned on November 22, 1855. He married on May 24, 1837 in Vienna, Terézia Róza Princess Esterházy de Galántha (* July 12, 1815 in Vienna; † February 28, 1894), lady of the Star Cross, and in the same year became the owner of the Count of Cavriani ( 1773-1837) inherited the rule Unterwaltersdorf and Schöngrabern. With the dissolution of the dominions in 1848, the Cavriani family also lost ownership of the Unterwaltersdorf and Schöngrabern dominions. He and his wife had seven children.
literature
- Franz Karl Wissgrill, Karl von Odelga: Scene of the rural Lower Austrian nobility from ..., Volume 2, Vienna 1795, p. 21ff link to Google.books
Web links
- The Cavriani family, owners of the Unter-Waltersdorf estate and ... 1613 to 1848 Link to University of Graz
- Family tree Cavriani
- Pedigree of Ladislaus Christof Alois Graf von Cavriani on monasterium.net
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Prof. Dr. Ernst Heinrich Kneschke: German count houses of the present: in heraldic, historical and genealogical relation. 1. Volume, AK, Verlag TO Weigel, Leipzig 1852, p. 152 f.
- ↑ a b www.adler-wien.at ( Memento of the original from April 29, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Cavriani: Linea Austriaca
- ^ Reports and communications from the Alterthums-Verein zu Wien , Volume 3, 1st section, on commission from the Prandel and Meyer bookstore, Vienna 1859, p. 45
- ↑ agso.uni-graz.at
- ↑ a b Franz Karl Wissgrill, Karl von Odelga: Scene of the rural Lower Austrian nobility from the gentry and knighthood , 2nd volume, printed by Franz Seizer, Vienna 1795, p. 21 ff.
- ↑ agso.uni-graz.at
- ^ Eva Berger: Historical Gardens of Austria . 1. NÖ, Bgld link to Google.books
- ↑ www.stemmario.it
- ↑ www.emanuelecrepaldi.it
- ↑ www.blasonariosubalpino.it
- ^ A b Antonio Schmidt-Brentano: Imperial and Imperial Generals (1618-1815), Austrian State Archives / A. Schmidt-Brentano 2006, p. 19
- ^ Antonio Schmidt-Brentano: The kk or kuk Generalität 1816–1918 , Austrian State Archives, 1907, p. 26
- ↑ agso.uni-graz.at
