Christoph Harant von Polschitz and Weseritz

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Christoph Harant von Polschitz and Weseritz

Baron kryštof harant on Pecka (Czech Krystof Harant z Polžic a Bezdružic na Pecce * 1564 Castle Klenová / Klenau at Klatovy / Klatovy ; †  21st June 1621 Prague ) was a Bohemian nobleman , imperial chamberlain, composer , writer , Orient traveler, humanist and one of the most famous personalities of Bohemia at the end of the 16th and beginning of the 17th century.

origin

Christoph Harant von Pollschitz and Weseritz came from a Bohemian nobility from the parent company Weseritz (Bezdruzicz) in the Pilsen district. Contrary to the genealogical table from the memorabilia Christoph-Wilhelm Freiherr von Pollschitz ex 1631, the undetectable Harant von Pollschitz in 1336, first documented in 1330 Wissemir von Bezdruzicz and his presumed son Bussek von Bezdruzicz, died after 1379, with the rooster in the coat of arms . The lineage of his family begins with Lipolt the elder Harant von Weseritz, perhaps a son of the previous Bussek. With the brothers Heinrich, Johann and Christoph Har (r) ant von Pollschitz and Weseritz, the family, dated Prague 1601, achieved the Bohemian gentry . The family coat of arms showed a silver rooster in red, the tail feathers black. Gem: the rooster on the helmet crown. Ceilings: red-silver

Family and loved ones

Christoph Freiherr Harant von Pollschitz and Weseritz (dated 1601) (1564-1621) was a son from the first marriage of Heinrich Freiherr Harant von Pollschitz and Weseritz (dated 1601) († 1603) with Anna Janowsky von Janowitz († 1566), sister the fourth wife of his father Georg, daughter of Heinrich Ritter Janowsky von Janowitz and Eva Wanieczky von Gemnisst (ky) and a grandson of Georg, on Klenau and Teinitzl (* around 1532, † 1584) and his wife's first marriage Anna Rochecz von Utow († 1552).

Christoph Harant von Pollschitz and Weseritz was married

  • in 1st marriage in 1589 with Anna Eva Czernin von und zu Chudenitz , daughter of Humprecht Czernin von Chudenicz and Magdalena Raupowsky von Raupow and from this marriage had the son Wilhelm Humprecht († 1599).
  • in second marriage 1604 with Barbara, widowed Sskopek von Albo-Otradowicz (e.g. Bilych Otradowicz), née Mirkowsky von Tropczicz, mistress of Pecka Castle , daughter of Wilhelm the Elder Knight Mirkowsky von Tropczicz and Rosina Bock von Hermsdorf on Hohenelbe;
  • in 3rd marriage in 1608 with Anna Salomena Hradisstsky von Horowicz and from this marriage had the son Johann Wilhelm († before 1644), on Starkenbach, imperial captain, married in 1634 with Barbara Elisabeth Freiin Krineczky von Ronow, whose descendants continue the line of the family and their verifiable The trace of life is lost after the 18th century.

Live and act

Jerusalem, illustration in Christoph Harant's travelogue

The young Christoph Harant acquired his knowledge in Innsbruck as the page of Archduke Ferdinand of Tyrol . In a short period of time he learned seven languages ​​and became interested in music, history, geography, art and community life. In 1584 he returned to Bohemia , tried in vain to get a position at the court of Emperor Rudolf II and took part in the Long Turkish War against the Ottoman Empire from 1593 to 1597 .

In 1589 he married Eva Czernin von Chudenitz, who gave birth to a son who died in 1599. Christoph later married two more times. He had the children raised by his relative Ludmila Markvartová z Hrádku (Markwart von Hradek) and went on a trip to Palestine , where he and his brother-in-law Hermann Czernin von Chudenitz wanted to visit the grave of Jesus of Nazareth . On the way they visited the Republic of Venice and in 1598 Egypt .

Conterfey of a crocodile / and how to catch them . (In: The Christian Ulysses , 1678)

The experiences of this trip inspired Christoph Harant to write a publication that appeared in Czech in 1608. In 1638 Johann Georg the Elder († Hof im Vogtland 1651) translated the text into German on Hoch-Hoschitz; his son Christoph Wilhelm Harant von Polschitz († February 25, 1691 in Prague), imperial cuirassier colonel, then general commander in the Kingdom of Bohemia, had the German version printed in 1678 under the title Der Christian Ulysses in Nuremberg.

After his return from his trip to the Orient, Christopf Harant von Pollschitz and Weseritz was accepted into the service of the emperor in 1599 and at the same time was confirmed as nobility . In 1601 he was appointed court counselor and imperial chamberlain . He worked as a councilor under Rudolf II's successor, Emperor Matthias . When the imperial court gradually moved from Prague to Vienna in 1612 , Christoph (Kryštof) Har (r) ant went to Pecka Castle and devoted himself to the musical arts there for a few years. During this time he developed into a recognized composer.

In 1618 he converted from Catholic to Protestant , returned to Prague and sided with the rebelling nobility during the uprising in Bohemia . In 1619 he became commissar of the military units of Boleslav (Jungbunzlau), Kouřim (Kaurzim) and Hradec Králové (Königgrätz) and participated with a 15,000-strong mercenary army group in the unsuccessful move against Vienna.

After Frederick V of the Palatinate was elected King of Bohemia, Christoph Harant was appointed Privy Councilor and President of the Bohemian Chamber ; however, he did not hold these offices for long. After Frederick's defeat in the Battle of White Mountain near Prague and the return of Emperor Ferdinand II to the Bohemian throne, he retired to Pecka Castle . There he was captured by Wallenstein , brought to Prague and imprisoned. As one of twenty-seven rebellious Bohemian dignitaries, he was sentenced to death and executed on June 21, 1621 by the executioner Jan Mydlář in the Old Town Square (Staroměstské náměstí) in Prague.

His widow, wife of the third marriage, Anna Salomena, née Hradisstsky von Horzowicz, married Hermann Czernin von Chudenitz , chief treasurer, chief judge and hereditary steward in the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1625 and died in 1632.

The asteroid (17702) Kryštofharant is named after him.

Publications

Literary works

  • Putování aneb cesta z Království českého do Benátek, odtud po moři do země Svaté, země judské a dále do Egypta (published 1608); German edition: Der Christian Ulysses , Nuremberg 1678 ( digitized version ).

Musical works

  • Missa quinis vocibus super Dolorosi martir
  • Motet Maria Kron, the angels already
  • Motet qui confidunt in dominoes

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The coats of arms of the Bohemian nobility . In: J. Siebmacher's big Wappenbuch , Volume 30, 1979, Neustadt an der Aisch, ISBN 3-87947-030-8 , page 8, Wappenafel 7.
  2. ↑ Christian Gottlieb Jöcher : Allgemeines Gelehrten-Lexicon , 2. Volume 1787, Sp. 1794–1795.
  3. ↑ Golo Mann : Wallenstein. His life is told by Golo Mann . S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 1971, ISBN 3-10-047903-3 , p. 213 f.

Web links

Commons : Kryštof Harant z Polžic a Bezdružic  - collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Harant von Polschitz and Weseritz, Christoph
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Harant z Polžic a Bezdružic, Kryštof
SHORT DESCRIPTION Czech nobleman, diplomat composer, writer, traveler, humanist
DATE OF BIRTH 1564
PLACE OF BIRTH Klenau Castle near Klatovy , Bohemia
DATE OF DEATH June 21, 1621
PLACE OF DEATH Prague