Codiaeum
| Codiaeum | ||||||||||||
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Croton ( Codiaeum variegatum ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Codiaeum | ||||||||||||
| Rumph. ex A.Juss. |
Codiaeum is a genus of plants withinthe milkweed family (Euphorbiaceae). 15 to 17 species are known. The croton ( Codiaeum variegatum ), also known as the miracle shrub,is knownas an ornamental plant .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Codiaeum species grow as shrubs or, rarely, trees . The plant contains a colorless, slightly toxic latex . The alternate leaves are arranged in a petiole and a leaf blade. The leathery leaf blade is simple or curved, glabrous and often multicolored. Stipules are only small or absent.
Generative characteristics
Codiaeum species are monoecious ( monoecious ), rarely dioecious ( dioecious ) separate sexes. They form slender, lateral, racemose inflorescences , which stand individually or in pairs in the leaf axils, they often hang over.
The five-fold (rarely three or six-fold) flowers are always unisexual. There are five (rarely three or six) sepals and petals in one flower. The petals are only small, they can also be missing. Male flowers contain many (15 to 100) free stamens . In the female flowers are three carpels an ovary grown, with only one ovule per subject. The capsule fruits have a diameter of about 9 millimeters.
ingredients
All parts of the plant are poisonous.
Systematics and distribution
The genus Codiaeum was established in 1824 by Georg Eberhard Rumphius in Adrien-Henri de Jussieu : De Euphorbiacearum Generibus Medicisque earumdem viribus tentamen, tabulis aeneis 18 illustratum , p. 33. Type species is Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Rumph. ex A.Juss. Codiaeum Rumph. ex A. Juss. nom. cons. is conserved according to the rules of the ICBN (Vienna ICBN Art. 14.4 & App. III) compared to the synonym Phyllaurea Lour. nom. rej. Other synonyms for Codiaeum Rumph. ex A. Juss. are: Crozophyla Raf. , Young Chicken Miq. , Synaspisma Endl. ) The generic name Codiaeum is derived from the Greek word kodeia for "head of the poppy".
The genus Codiaeum belongs to the tribe Codiaeeae in the subfamily Crotonoideae within the family Euphorbiaceae .
It occurs naturally in: Malaysia , Bali , Irian Jaya , Java , the Sunda Islands , the Moluccas , Papua New Guinea , the Philippines , Australia (only in Queensland ) and Polynesia .
There are 15 to 17 species in the genus Codiaeum :
- Codiaeum affine Merr. : This endemic occurs only on the Sabah island Pulau Banggi .
- Codiaeum bractiferum (Roxb.) Merr. (Syn .: Croton bractiferus Roxb. , Codiaeum brevistylum Pax & K.Hoffm. ): It occurs on the Lesser Sunda Islands and Maluku .
- Codiaeum ciliatum Merr. : It occurs in the Philippines .
- Codiaeum finisterrae Pax & K.Hoffm. : It occurs in northeastern New Guinea .
- Codiaeum hirsutum Merr. : It occurs in the Philippines.
- Codiaeum ludovicianum Airy Shaw : This endemic occurs only in the Louisiade archipelago .
- Codiaeum luzonicum Merr. : It occurs in the Philippines.
- Codiaeum macgregorii Merr. : It occurs in the Philippines.
- Codiaeum megalanthum Merr. : It occurs in the Philippines.
- Codiaeum membranaceum S.Moore : This endemic occurs only on the Cape York Peninsula of Queensland .
- Codiaeum oligogynum McPherson : It occurs only in northwestern New Caledonia .
- Codiaeum palawanense Elmer : This endemic occurs only on Palawan .
- Codiaeum peltatum (Labill.) PSGreen : It occurs in New Caledonia including the Loyalty Islands .
- Codiaeum stellingianum Warb. : It occurs in the Kei Islands and New Guinea.
- Codiaeum tenerifolium Airy Shaw : It occurs in New Guinea.
- Codiaeum trichocalyx Merr. : This endemic occurs only on Luzon .
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Croton ( Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Rumph. Ex A. Juss. ): With the varieties:
- Codiaeum variegatum var. Cavernicola Kiew & Welzen : It occurs only in Sabah .
- Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Rumph. ex A.Juss. var. variegatum (due to the many varieties there are a variety of synonyms here is a selection: Croton incanus flower , Croton pictus . G.Lodd , Codiaeum pictum (G.Lodd) Hook.. , Codiaeum moluccanum Decne. , Codiaeum cuneifolium Zipp . ex Span. , Croton baliospermus Span. , Codiaeum obovatum Zoll. & Moritzi , Codiaeum medium Baill. , Codiaeum crispum Rumph. ex Müll.Arg. , Codiaeum sylvestre Rumph. ex Müll.Arg. , Codiaeum taeniosum Rumph. ex Müll.Arg . , Codiaeum variegatum var. pictum (G.Lodd.) Müll.Arg. , Codiaeum maximum Verschaff. , Croton hookeri Veitch , Croton interruptus Van Geert , Croton irregularis Van Geert , Croton weismannii H.J.Veitch , Croton aucubifolius Linden , Croton hillianus Van Geert , Croton maximus Linden , Croton undulatus Van Geert , Croton veitchii Van Geert , Croton cornutus W.Bull , Croton fucatus W.Bull , Croton hookeri André , Croton multicolor Veitch ex André , Croton veitchianus André , Codiaeum undismulatum Cogn. & We Marchal , Codia Cogn. & Marchal , Croton johannis Veitch ex Regel , Croton lacteus Van Houtte , Croton lacteus Veitch , Croton limbatus W.Bull , Croton youngii Veitch , Croton cooperi auct., Croton majesticus T. Moore , Codiaeum variegatum var. Ovalifolium H.J. Veiton and ex Regel , Linden , Croton bellulus Linden & André , Croton hastiferus Linden & André , Croton imperialis Van Geert , Croton trilobus W.Bull , Croton vervaetii Linden , Codiaeum elongatum Linden & André , Codiaeum lyratum Linden & André , Croton andreeus Linden , Croton mac-arthurii Van Geert , Croton niger Van Geert , Croton trilobus var. Albertine Van Geert , Croton trilobus var. disraelii Van Geert , Croton variabilis Van Geert , Codiaeum roseopictum André , Croton chelsonii Van Geert , Croton dormanianus Van Geert , Croton eeckhautei Van Geert , Croton evansianus Van Geert , Croton goldei Van Geert , Croton guineensis Van Geert , Croton hawkeri Van Geert , Croton heuryanus Van Geert , Croton mac-farlanei Van Geert , Croton massa ngeanum Linden ex André , Croton truffautianus Van Geert , Croton williamsii Van Geert , Croton bergmanii Chantrier ex André , Croton Carrieri Chantrier , Croton drouetii Chantrier , Croton duvalii Chantrier , Croton latimaculatus Chantrier , Croton truffautii Chantrier , Croton aneitumensis Van Geert , Croton recurvifolius Van Geert , Croton sinitzianus Van Geert , Codiaeum elegantissimum W.Bull , Codiaeum magnificum Linden , Croton bragaeanus Van Geert , Croton cronstadtii Van Geert , Croton dogsoniae Van Geert , Croton illustris Van Geert , Croton insignis Van Geert , Croton mirabilis Van Geert , André , muse Croton pilgrimii Van Geert , Croton rubescens Van Geert , Croton rubrolinearis Van Geert , Croton spectabilis Van Geert , Codiaeum vanoosterzeei Rodigas , Codiaeum albicans G.Nicholson , Codiaeum angustifolium G.Nicholson , Codiaeum burtonii G.Nicholson , Codiaeum chelsonii G.Nicholson , Codiaeum Chrysophyllum G.Nicholson , Codiaeum cooperi G.Nicholson , Codiaeum dod gonae G.Nicholson , Codiaeum eburneum G.Nicholson , Codiaeum elegans G.Nicholson , Codiaeum evansianum G.Nicholson , Codiaeum fucatum G.Nicholson , Codiaeum goldiei G.Nicholson , Codiaeum grande G.Nicholson , Codiaeum hanburyanum G.Nicholson , Codiaeum henryanum G .Nicholson , Codiaeum illustre G.Nicholson , Codiaeum imperiale G.Nicholson , Codiaeum insigne G.Nicholson , Codiaeum jamesii G.Nicholson , Codiaeum lancifolium G.Nicholson , Codiaeum macfarlanei G.Nicholson , Codiaeum maculatum G.Nicholson , Codiaeum majesticum W.Bull ex Nicholson , Codiaeum multicolor G.Nicholson , Codiaeum mutabile G.Nicholson , Codiaeum nevilliae G.Nicholson , Codiaeum pilgrimii G.Nicholson , Codiaeum recurvifolium G.Nicholson , Codiaeum spiral G.Nicholson , Codiaeum stewartii G.Nicholson , Codiaeum superbiens G.Nicholson , Codiaeum trilobum G.Nicholson , Codiaeum triumphans G.Nicholson , Codiaeum triumphans var. Harwoodianum W.Bull ex Nicholson , Codiaeum volutum G.Nicholson , Codiaeum warrenii G.Nichols on , Codiaeum williamsii G.Nicholson , Codiaeum wilsonii G.Nicholson , Codiaeum youngii G.Nicholson , Croton philippsii B.S.Williams , Croton wigmannii B.S.Williams , Croton newmannii W.Bull , Croton warneri Chantrier ex André , Croton mirus Domin , Codiaeum interruptum Baum ) : It is distributed from eastern Java , Celebes , Irian Jaya , Lesser Sunda Islands, Moluccas, Papua New Guinea and the Philippines through northern Queensland to Fiji and Vanuatu .
photos
Croton ( Codiaeum variegatum ):
Planted in the tropical garden
The leaves are only so beautifully colored when cared for outdoors or in a greenhouse.
Male inflorescence
Male inflorescence
Narrow-leaved variety
literature
- Codiaeum in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved on September 12, 2013. (Systematics section)
- Codiaeum at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed September 12, 2013 (Systematics Section)
- GV Pope: Codiaeum . In: A. Radcliffe-Smith (Ed.): Flora Zambesiaca , Volume 9, Part 4, Kew Books, 1996. (Section Description)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Codiaeum. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved March 10, 2020.
