Colusite
| Colusite | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| General and classification | |
| chemical formula | ~ Cu 13 V (As, Sn, Sb) 3 S 16 |
|
Mineral class (and possibly department) |
Sulphides and sulphosalts - metal: sulfur (selenium, tellurium) = 1: 1 |
|
System no. to Strunz and to Dana |
2.CB.30 ( 8th edition : II / C.10) 03.01.01.01 |
| Crystallographic Data | |
| Crystal system | cubic |
| Crystal class ; symbol | hexakistrahedral; 4 3 m |
| Room group (no.) | P 4 3 n (No. 218) |
| Lattice parameters | a = 10.62 Å |
| Formula units | Z = 2 |
| Twinning | rarely after {111} |
| Physical Properties | |
| Mohs hardness | 3 to 4 |
| Density (g / cm 3 ) | measured: 4.2; calculated: [4.78] |
| Cleavage | no |
| Break ; Tenacity | brittle |
| colour | bronze colored |
| Line color | black |
| transparency | opaque |
| shine | Metallic luster |
Colusite is a rarely occurring mineral from the mineral class of " sulfides and sulfosalts ". It crystallizes in the cubic crystal system with the chemical composition ~ Cu 13 V (As, Sn, Sb) 3 S 16 and develops mostly granular to massive, bronze-colored aggregates . In rare cases, crystals up to about 5 millimeters are found.
Etymology and history
Colusite was first discovered in the "East Colusa Mine" in Butte in the US state of Montana and described in 1933 by Robert E. Landon and AH Mogilnor, who named the mineral after its type of locality . In the miner's language , colusite falls into the category of pale ores .
The mineral arsenosulvanite , which was previously an independent mineral, was revoked in 2006 by the IMA because it is identical to colusite.
classification
In the now outdated, but still in use 8th edition of the mineral classification according to Strunz , the colusite belonged to the mineral class of "sulfides and sulfosalts" and there to the department of "sulfides with the molar ratio of metal (M): sulfur (S), selenium, tellurium = 1: 1 ", where he named the" Colusitgruppe "with the system no. II / C.10 and the other members germanite , germanocolusite , maikainite , morozeviczite , nekrasovite , ovamboite , polkovicitite , renierite , stibiocolusite , sulvanite and vinciennite .
The 9th edition of Strunz's mineral systematics , which has been in effect since 2001 and is used by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA), also classifies the colusite in the category of "Metal sulfides with a substance ratio M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)". However, this is further subdivided according to the predominant metals in the compound, so that the mineral can be found in the sub-section "with zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), silver (Ag) etc." according to its composition , where together with germanite, germanocolusite, maikainite, nekrasovite, ovamboite and stibiocolusite the "germanite group" with the system no. 2.CB.30 forms.
The systematics of minerals according to Dana , which is mainly used in the English-speaking world , assigns the colusite to the class of “sulfides and sulfosalts”, but there it is in the “sulfosalts” category. Here he is the namesake of the "Colusite group (isometric: P 4 3 n ) with Cu and V" with the system no. 03.01.01 and the other members germanocolusite, nekrasovite and stibiocolusite within the subdivision of “ sulfosalts with the ratio z / y> 4 and the general composition (A + ) i (A 2+ ) j [B y C z ], A = Metals, B = semi-metals, C = non-metals ”.
Education and Locations
Colusite forms hydrothermally in copper ore veins and is mostly found there in paragenesis with many other sulfide minerals such as bornite , chalcosine , chalcopyrite , covelline , enargite , galena , germanite , goldfieldite , luzonite , pyrite , renierite , stannoidite , tetrahedrite , tennantite and sphalerite .
As a rather rare mineral formation, colusite could sometimes be abundantly present at various sites, but overall it is not very common. So far (as of 2013) around 80 sites are known. In addition to its type locality "East Colusa Mine", the mineral occurred in the USA, among other things, in several mines in the Butte district and at Cone Butte in the Warm Springs district in Fergus County in Montana; in the "Campbell Mine" near Bisbee and the "Magma Mine" near Superior in Arizona; in several locations in the state of Colorado ; at Goldfield and Lewis in Lander Counties , Nevada; at La Bajada ( Santa Fe County ), New Mexico as well as in Tintic in Juab County , Utah on.
In Austria, colusite has so far only been found near Schwarzleo in the Salzburg municipality of Leogang and the only known site in Switzerland is the La Plâtrière quarry near Granges ( Sierre ) in the canton of Valais.
Other locations are in Argentina , Australia , Bulgaria , Chile , France , Indonesia , Italy , Japan , Canada , Kazakhstan , the Democratic Republic of the Congo , Namibia , Norway , Peru , the Philippines , Russia , Serbia and Hungary .
Crystal structure
Colusite crystallizes cubically in the space group P 4 3 n (space group no. 218) with the lattice parameter a = 10.62 Å and two formula units per unit cell .
See also
literature
- Robert E. Landon and AH Mogilnor: Colusite, a new Mineral of the Sphalerite group. In: The American Mineralogist. Volume 18 (1933), pp. 528-533 ( PDF 603 kB )
Web links
- Mineral Atlas: Colusite and Arsenosulvanite (Wiki)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Hugo Strunz , Ernest H. Nickel: Strunz Mineralogical Tables . 9th edition. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagbuchhandlung (Nägele and Obermiller), Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-510-65188-X , p. 80 .
- ↑ Webmineral - Colusite (English)
- ↑ Colusite , In: John W. Anthony, Richard A. Bideaux, Kenneth W. Bladh, Monte C. Nichols (Eds.): Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineralogical Society of America , 2001 ( PDF 62.1 kB )
- ^ Mindat - Number of localities for Colusite
- ↑ Find location list for colusite in the Mineralienatlas and Mindat