Cornelius Loos (Major General)

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Cornelius Loos, painting by Johan Henrik Scheffel

Cornelius Loos , from 1711 Cornelius von Loos , Cornelius af Loos (born February 4, 1686 in Stockholm , † April 15, 1738 in Hamburg ) was a Swedish major general and engineer officer , who became known as a draftsman and traveler to the Orient .

Life

Cornelius Loos was the son of a tavern in Stockholm. He took up the officer career and belonged to the retinue of King Charles XII. of Sweden at the Battle of Poltava . In 1710 the king commissioned him in his refuge in Bender in today's Moldova to carry out an expedition through the Orient together with Conrad Sparre (1680–1744) and Hans Gyllenskepp (1687–1738) and to take drawings of the monuments there. Loos and his companion traveled to the Orient in January 1710, first to Constantinople , then by ship to Egypt and from there by land via Palestine, Syria and Asia Minor back.

After the successful completion of the expedition in June 1711 he was in Bender on August 27, 1711 by Charles XII. to the peerage collected and transported. Most of the original drawings were lost in a fire at the beginning of February 1713 in Bender's scuffle. Only 40 sheets survived and are now kept in the Swedish National Museum in Stockholm . His map of the Orient and the neighboring countries can also be found in the library of Harvard University .

Loos' drawings were widely disseminated through copperplate engravings . The title page of the text book for the Hamburg premiere of Georg Friedrich Handel's opera Rinaldo is adorned with a depiction of the Great Cistern in Constantinople based on a drawing by Loos, which may also serve as a template for the stage design. Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach used Loos' drawing of the ruins of Palmyra in his draft of a historical architecture in 1721.

Meyerfeldtsches Palais in Badenstrasse in Stralsund

In 1714 Loos escorted on behalf of Charles XII. Stanislaus I. Leszczyński via Paris to Zweibrücken , where he served as a major in fortification for several years . From 1721 he worked in Swedish Pomerania . He strengthened the Stralsund city fortifications and built the Meyerfeldtsche Palais in Stralsund from 1726 to 1730 as a residential and official building for the Governor General of Swedish Pomerania, Johann August Meyerfeldt . Loos documented the building in a leather-bound house book that he wrote and contained three floor plans of the house.

In March 1736, as major general , he resigned from the Swedish service and entered the service of the Hanseatic City of Hamburg. In Hamburg in 1736 he rebuilt the men's logiment erected by Leonhard Christoph Sturm and repaired the stone gate bridge the following year. He died as Ober-Commandant of the Hanseatic City of Hamburg.

family

On 6 January 1721 he was in Hamburg St. Peter's Church Margaretha Elisabeth, born von Ahlefeld (t) married, the widow of Hamburg councilor Michael Emsteck († 1716). Her son from her first marriage, Michael Detlef Emsteck, became major and conductor at the Pomeranian Fortification in Stralsund. He and his sister Catharina Margaretha Emsteck (1715–1776) were approved by King Frederick of Sweden in Stockholm in 1731 to accept the name and nobility of their stepfather. The couple had at least one son Karl Friedrich (* 1724 - May 27, 1774). He became a Prussian captain and married Charlotte Christiane von Horker (* October 18, 1737, † February 3, 1806) in 1754 , the couple had numerous children.

literature

  • Eduard Maria Oettinger : Moniteur des dates. Supplement et appendice. B. Hermann, Leipzig 1882, p. 182 ( digitized version ).
  • William Anderson : Loos, Cornelius . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 23 : Leitenstorfer – Mander . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1929, p. 368 .
  • Alfred Westholm: Cornelius Loos. Teckningar fran en expedition till Framre Orienten 1710–1711. (= National Museum Skrift Series NS 6), Stockholm 1983.
  • Ulf Cederlöf: Cornelius Loos' journey to paradise in the year 1710 . In: Nationalmuseum bulletin 12, 1988, pp. 89-101.
  • Semavi Eyice : 18. yüzyılda İstanbul'da İsveçli Cornelius Loos ve İstanbul resimleri (1710'da İstanbul). In: 18. yüzyılda Osmanlı kältür ortamı. 20-21 March 1997, Sempozyum bildirileri. Sanat Tarihi Derneği, Istanbul 1998, ISBN 975-94946-2-0 , pp. 91–130 (about Cornelius Loos in Istanbul and his Istanbul drawings).
  • Grete Grewolls: Who was who in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. The dictionary of persons . Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 2011, ISBN 978-3-356-01301-6 , p. 6020 .
  • Gotha, Briefadel , 1925, p. 576
  • Gabriel Anrep : Svenska adelns ättar-taflor , Volume 2, Stockholm 1861, pp. 805–806

Web links

Commons : Cornelius Loos  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Joachim Östlund: A Lutheran in the Holy Land: Michael Eneman's Journey, 1711-12. In: Judy A. Hayden, NI Matar (ed.): Through the Eyes of the Beholder: The Holy Land 1517-1713 (= Islamic History and Civilization 97). Brill, Leiden 2013, ISBN 978-90-04-23417-8 , pp. 207–224, here p. 208.
  2. ↑ "Ätt- och vapendatabas" ( Memento of 6 December 2008 at the Internet Archive ) on the homepage of Riddarhuset .
  3. ↑ See Dorothea Schröder: Diplomat and Opera Lover - In the Footsteps of Chamberlain Friedrich Ernst von Fabrice (1683-1750). In: Göttingen Handel Contributions. 5, Kassel u. a. 1993, pp. 244-257.
  4. ↑ Georg Kunoth: The historical architecture of Fischer von Erlach. Düsseldorf 1956, p. 88 with ill. 70.
  5. ↑ Today in the Stralsund City Archives, signature Hs 473, digitized .
  6. ↑ Jörg Deuter: "The calm of the north", the Carolinian emigration and the genesis of classicism. Architecture and fine arts in their interrelationships between Scandinavia and Germany. In: York-Gothart Mix, Carsten Cell (ed.): German-Danish cultural transfer in the 18th century (= The Eighteenth Century 25, 2001, Issue 2). Wallstein-Verlag, Wolfenbüttel 2001, ISBN 3-89244-467-6 , pp. 248–257, here p. 252.)
  7. ↑ Entry ( Memento of the original dated December 6, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. in the directory of the Riddarhuset  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.riddarhuset.se
personal data
SURNAME Loos, Cornelius
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Loos, Cornelius af
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swedish major general, engineer officer, draftsman and traveler to the Orient
DATE OF BIRTH February 4, 1686
PLACE OF BIRTH Stockholm
DATE OF DEATH April 15, 1738
Place of death Hamburg