DR series 24

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DR series 24
24 009, exhibited at the vehicle show 150 years of German railways in Bochum-Dahlhausen
24 009, exhibited at the vehicle show 150 years of German railways in Bochum-Dahlhausen
Numbering: DR: 24 001-95
PKP: Oi 2
DR: 37.1
Number: 95
Manufacturer: Borsig , Hanomag , Henschel , Krupp , Linke-Hofmann , Schichau
Year of construction (s): 1928-1940
Retirement: 1972
Type : 1'C h2
Genre : P 34.15
Gauge : 1435 mm ( standard gauge )
Length over buffers: 16,955 mm
Height: 4165 mm
Fixed wheelbase: 3,600 mm
Total wheelbase: 6,300 mm
Wheelbase with tender: 13,230 mm
Smallest bef. Radius: 140 m
Empty mass: 52.0 t
Service mass: 57.4 t
Service mass with tender: 100.7 t (with tender 3 T 16 and full stocks)
Friction mass: 45.2 t
Wheel set mass : 15 t
Top speed: 90 km / h ; 50 km / h (tender ahead)
Indexed performance : 677 kWi
Starting tractive effort: ~ 121 kN
Driving wheel diameter: 1,500 mm
Impeller diameter front: 850 mm
Control type : Heusinger control with Kuhn loop
Cylinder diameter: 500 mm
Piston stroke: 660 mm
Boiler overpressure: 14 bar
Number of heating pipes: 114
Number of smoke tubes: 32
Heating pipe length: 3800 mm
Grate area: 2.04 m²
Radiant heating surface: 8.70 m²
Tubular heating surface: 95.78 m²
Superheater area : 37.34 m²
Evaporation heating surface: 104.48 m²
Tender: 3T 16 and 3T 17 (24 061 for the DB with 2'2 T26)
Service weight of the tender: 43.3 t (with 3T 16)
Water supply: 16 m³
Fuel supply: 6 tons of coal
Brake: Self-acting single-chamber compressed air brake, type Knorr , acting on the coupling and running wheels from the front
Train heating: steam
only data of the standard execution

The locomotives of the class 24 were unit - passenger locomotives of the Deutsche Reichsbahn .

history

After the first typing program of the newly founded Deutsche Reichsbahn mainly included main line locomotives, work was also carried out on branch line locomotives from 1925, with extensive interchangeability of parts planned. The first examples were built by the Schichau and Linke-Hofmann companies , the later of the 95 locomotives also by other locomotive manufacturers between 1928 and 1940.

Constructive features and capabilities

Standard execution

24 083 in Salzhemmendorf

The class 24 was largely identical to the tank locomotive class 64 . Boiler, cylinder, engine, wheel sets, the front Bissel axle and other parts were interchangeable. The locomotives of the series received a bar frame with a 70 mm cheek thickness. The front wheel set was stored in a Bissel frame, while all drive wheel sets were fixed in the frame. The flanges of the middle drive wheel set were weakened by 15 mm in order to improve the sheet travel.

The riveted unitary locomotive boiler with two long boiler sections and the rear boiler drawn in between the third set of driving wheels initially received a copper fire box, and from machine 24 017 onwards a welded steel fire box. A piston composite feed pump with a surface preheater of the Nielebrock-Knorr type and a steam jet pump were installed to feed the boiler . For reasons of weight distribution, the boiler was installed at the front so that, unlike all other standard locomotive series, the middle of the cylinder and the middle of the chimney are not on top of each other. The two-cylinder superheated steam engine with simple steam expansion and Heusinger control was designed with a drive on the second coupled gear set. On the level, the machines could move a 350-ton train at 90 km / h.

Originally all locomotives had the large Wagner smoke deflectors , in the case of 24 001-063 in a lower version, on the DB they were replaced by Witte smoke deflectors. They were equipped with type 3 T 16 and 3 T 17 tenders .

Different versions

The two locomotives 24 069 and 24 070 were delivered by Borsig as test machines with a medium pressure tank for 25 bar tank pressure. The kettle and the fire box were made of molybdenum steel. The 24 069 was designed as a two-cylinder compound locomotive (1'C 2hv). The high-pressure cylinder mounted on the right was 400 mm in diameter, the left cylinder as a low-pressure cylinder had a diameter of 600 mm. At 660 mm, the piston stroke corresponded to the standard version. The locomotive 24 069 in this version had the lowest steam consumption of all German piston steam locomotives with a specific steam consumption of 4.9 kg / PSih. The coal consumption was also extremely low at 0.96 kg / PSeh.

The 24 070, on the other hand, received only simple steam expansion, but with a direct current steam engine based on a design by Richard Paul Wagner . With this design, the steam always flows in the same direction through the cylinder and exits in the middle of the cylinder. The cylinders had a diameter of 380 mm, also with a control piston stroke of 660 mm. The steam consumption of this locomotive, which was around ten percent higher than the standard version, led in 1935 to a conversion to a two-cylinder compound engine like the 24 069.

Before the Second World War, boiler damage made it necessary to lower the boiler pressure to 20 bar. They were shut down in 1944, and in 1952 both test machines, which, apart from the steam engine and the medium pressure boiler, were of the standard design, were converted to the standard design in the Lingen repair shop.

In 1948, the 24 061 received a tender 2'2'T26 for use at the Göttingen testing institute , which could store almost twice as much water and, thanks to the rear wall of the driver's cab, also allowed reversing at 80 km / h. In 1949 the Bissel axle was also replaced by a Krauss-Helmholtz steering frame. In 1955 she returned to normal service.

commitment

Deutsche Reichsbahn (until 1945)

The vehicles were used in 11 Reich Railway Directorates. The first five machines were located in the Wriezen depot of the Rbd Stettin .

German Federal Railroad

The Deutsche Bundesbahn took over 47 locomotives and decommissioned them between 1960 and 1966. The last example on the DB was the locomotive with road number 24 067, which was based in Rheydt and was decommissioned there in August 1966.

Deutsche Reichsbahn (since 1945)

24 002, 004, 009 and 021 remained with the Deutsche Reichsbahn. The machines were initially in the Rbd Greifswald , from where they were handed over to the Rbd Berlin in 1947 . In 1956 the four vehicles came to the Magdeburg depot , which stationed the steam locomotives first in the Oschersleben depot and, from 1957, in the Jerichow depot. There the vehicles found their field of activity on the route network of the former Kleinbahn-AG in Genthin until 1968. Only the 24 009 remained in use longer and came to the Stendal depot in 1970 . There the vehicle was given the new EDP number 37 1009-2. The vehicle finally came to the Güsten depot . In 1972 it was sold to the Eisenbahn-Kurier in the Federal Republic of Germany.

Polish State Railways

34 locomotives remained in Poland after the Second World War, where the last locomotive was used until 1976. There they had the series designation Oi 2. In 1976, the last locomotive, the still preserved Oi 2-29 (24 092), was retired. The 24 083 received today in Germany was also in use in Poland.

Preserved locomotives

A total of four examples of the 24 series have been preserved in a museum; three of them in Germany (24 004, 24 009 and 24 083) and the former 24 092 (as Oi2-29) in Kościerzyna (Berent), Poland .

literature

  • Hansjürgen Wenzel: Class 24. The smallest standard locomotive with a tender . EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2004, ISBN 3-88255-124-0
  • Manfred Weisbrod, Hans Müller, Wolfgang Petznick: Steam Locomotive Archive , Volume 1 . transpress VEB Verlag for Transport, Berlin 1976, pp. 190 ff., pp. 270 f.
  • Klaus-Detlev Holzborn: The 24 series . In: railway magazine . No. 7 , 2015, ISSN  0342-1902 , p. 10-15 .

Web links

Commons : Series 24  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Author collective Johannes Schwarze, Werner Deinert, Lothar Frase, Heinz Lange, Oskar Schmidt, Georg Thumstädter, Max Wilke: Die Dampflokomotive. Development, construction, mode of operation, operation and maintenance as well as locomotive damage and its elimination . Reprint of the 2nd edition from 1965 by Transpress Verlag, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-344-70791-4 , Annex 1.1, p. 3 there
  2. Klaus-Detlev Holzborn: Der Sonderling 24 061 . In: railway magazine . No. 7 , 2015, ISSN  0342-1902 , p. 14 .
  3. Horst Regling: The Wriezen Railway. From Berlin to the Oderbruch . transpress, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-613-71063-3 , p. 101-112 .