Dimitri Petrovich Severin

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Dimitri Petrowitsch Severin ( Russian Дмитрий Петрович Северин ; transcribed Dmitri Petrovich Severin ; in German historical Dimitri (j) Petrovich (von) Severin ; * 1792 in Saint Petersburg ; † February 26, 1865 in Munich ) was a Russian diplomat .

Life

Dimitri was the son of the Russian major general, civil governor of Vitebsk and Senator Peter Ivanovich Severin (1761-1830) and Anna Bragin. He grew up in the house of the baroness Anna Nikolajewna Stroganow and was educated at the Jesuit college , which he attended together with Prince Pyotr Andreevich Vyazemsky .

Severin joined the army and became a Cossack officer in 1812 .

He was a member of the Arzamas , where he was nicknamed the playful cat . He was notorious in his circle of friends, which included Prince Vyazemsky, Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky , Dmitri Vasilyevich Daschkow and Count Dmitri Nikolajewitsch Bludow , for his small, improvised and funny poems.

As early as 1813 he embarked on a diplomatic career, initially a member of the Russian legation in Spain , but in 1815 switched to the legation in Paris . Severin served under both Karl Robert von Nesselrode and Ioannis Kapodistrias and was honored by both. He took part in the Aachen Congress , the Prince's Congress in Troppau , the Laibach Congress and the Verona Congress . On the accession of Emperor Nicholas I , he received an interim basis , the portfolio of Foreign Affairs. Severin was promoted to the Real Secret Council in 1827 and became the Russian envoy to Switzerland . From March 16, 1837 to July 26, 1863 he was the Russian envoy to the Kingdom of Bavaria with his residence in Munich, at Theatinerstraße 11.

An article published in the Augsburger Allgemeine Zeitung in 1846 was particularly significant. It described the influence of Russia on Europe as "pernicious", the Russians as "more effeminate than enlightened by civilization" and the appearance of Tsar Nicholas I as unimpressive. In response, the Russian envoy complained on behalf of his government about the article and demanded the removal of the censor , who had held office since 1843 August Lufft , who was at the same time government councilor and city commissioner of Augsburg . Before the Bavarian Foreign Minister Friedrich August von Gise could inform the Russian envoy of his orders to clear the complaint, Severin had discussed with the Austrian envoy, Count Ludwig Senfft, and the Prussian envoy, Count Albrecht Bernstorff . In a conversation with them, Severin even threatened to break off diplomatic relations between Russia and Bavaria. Count Bernstorff suggested that the Bavarian Foreign Minister should not only remove the censor, but also tighten censorship in foreign affairs. Finally, government councilor Ludwig Ploner took the place of Lufft as censor, and soon after, at Severin's pressure, the government councilor Lufft had to be removed from Augsburg entirely. However, he was not transferred, but promoted to government director of the Palatinate. The author of the newspaper article that sparked the diplomatic unrest remained unknown.

While his affiliation to the nobility , not only because of the ranking table , but also because of hereditary nobility of his father is not in dispute, his answers were as Baron or Earl with no evidence of that effect ennoblement . However, his widow Sophie, still living in Munich in 1874 at Koeniginstrasse 10, was listed in the address book for Munich as Freifrau v. Called Sewerin . Furthermore, Severin carried the title of chamberlain as well as the designation of knight and authorized minister.

Severin's first marriage in 1818 was to Helena Skarlatowna Stourdza (1794-1818), a sister of the Russian journalist and diplomat Alexander Stourdza (1791-1854) and cousin of the Moldovan Prince Michael Stourdza . He went into a second marriage in 1825 with Sophia Feodorowna von Moltke (1797-1882), sister of the Russian envoy in Karlsruhe Paul Friedrich von Moltke , lady-in-waiting to Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna and cousin of Field Marshal Helmuth von Moltke . Since 1836 he was close friends with Freiherr Friedrich Apollonius von Maltitz in Munich .

Awards

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Северин, Петр Иванович on Большая биографическая энциклопедия ( Russian )
  2. Tobias C. Bringmann: Handbuch der Diplomatie, 1815-1963: Foreign Heads of Mission in Germany and German Heads of Mission abroad from Metternich to Adenauer. Walter de Gruyter , Berlin 2001, p. 345
  3. ^ Address book for Munich , 1858, p. 2
  4. Michaela Breil, The Augsburger "Allgemeine Zeitung" and Bavaria's press policy , Tübingen 1996, p. 206 f.
  5. ^ Newspaper for the German Aristocracy, Volume 1, 1840, p. 256.
  6. Allgemeine Zeitung Munich No. 141, v. May 21, 1841, p. 1125
  7. Fürther Tagblatt: General-Anzeiger for Fürth and the surrounding area , May 14, 1841, Vermischte Nachrichten
  8. ^ Fränkischer Merkur , 1838, various mentions: Herr, Freiherr, Graf
  9. ^ Address book for Munich (1872), p. 412 ; Address book for Munich (1873), p. 421 ; Address book for Munich (1874), p. 413
  10. Gothaisches genealogisches Taschenbuch , Justus Perthes , Gotha 1841, p. 253
  11. Hirsemann, Leipzig, Catalog 233/1899: Russian history
  12. [1]
  13. Helmuth von Moltke's letters to his bride and wife . 1893 ( Reprint 2012 )
  14. ^ Writings of Field Marshal Count Helmuth von Moltke
  15. Carl Freiherr von Beaulieu-MarconnayMaltitz, Friedrich Apollonius, Freiherr von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 20, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1884, pp. 150-152.
  16. ^ Johann Friedrich von Cotta (1838), Allgemeine Zeitung Munich , p. 2695
predecessor Office successor
Paul Alexander von Krüdener Russian envoy in Bern
1826–1837
Paul Alexander von Krüdener
Fyodor Ivanovich Tjuttschew Russian envoy in Munich
1837–1863
Ivan Petrovich Oserov