Kladow village church
The Protestant village church Kladow in today's Berlin district Kladow is one of more than 50 under monument protection standing village churches in Berlin . It was built in the early 19th century as a hall church using the surrounding walls of a burned down church from the 14th or 15th century. 1952–1953 it was redesigned and expanded. In 2007 the village church was extensively restored .
history
In the Middle Ages , the Benedictine convent Spandau , founded in 1239, had the entire property in Kladow before 1267 and, until the Reformation, also the church patronage over the local parish church, so appointed and paid the pastor. After the introduction of the Reformation and the dissolution of the monastery in 1558, the village came to the Spandau Office with patronage rights.
The first late Gothic church was built in the 14th or 15th century; it consisted of a small, flat-roofed rectangular room with four axes, which was unusually narrow. The masonry consisted of split field stones . They were not squared, so they couldn't be laid in layers. There was no brick material under the grooves of the joints. This construction is typical of the late Middle Ages. Since the Landbuch Karl IV. (1375) already mentions eight parish hooves for Kladow , the stone building must have had a wooden predecessor. The late Gothic church burned down in 1808.
The poor economic situation in the Kingdom of Prussia caused by the war initially prevented reconstruction. A new building was not built until 1818–1919. Although the church was not damaged in World War II , it was redesigned by Artur Reck in 1952/1953. During the renovation, the neo-Gothic design and furnishings were destroyed.
Building
The new construction of the building using the surrounding walls of the burned down church did not take place in 1818 in the design of the Prussian, baroque-related early classicism , but romantically transfigured and pronounced neo-Gothic. This early evidence of historicist architecture was the exception at the beginning of the 19th century.
Nave
The masonry of the nave with a gable roof was plastered and received an arched frieze under the main cornice . The windows were created with Gothic pointed arches . In the west of the roof there is a half-timbered square roof tower crowned with a curved hood . The brick east wall of the tower is opened to the nave through a low arched door.
In 1953 a protruding square choir was added to the nave in the east , as the church no longer met the requirements of the community. At the same time the galleries were removed . The ogival door and window openings of the old part were changed and closed with segmented arches in accordance with those of the extension in order to achieve a uniformly baroque-classicist impression. The arched frieze also disappeared. In addition, the rotten beams of the roof and the ceiling were replaced.
tower
The tower, which was rebuilt in 1819, was given a curved dome in accordance with baroque tradition . It was originally covered with shingles and carried a cast-iron tower ball with a tower cross. This cross had to be replaced by a gold-plated sheet metal cross in 1862 because the old one was completely rusted. During this repair, the hood was covered with slate .
| Bells strike |
Weight (kg) |
Diameter (cm) |
Height (cm) |
|---|---|---|---|
| b | 281 | 86 | 62 |
| G | 167 | 72 | 54 |
The squat tower shaft received in 1953 a clock tower with a clock face on each side, next to each one sound opening , including a round-arched windows . The old bronze bell had to be sent to the armaments industry in 1943. In 1953 the church received a peal of two iron chilled cast iron bell that the iron works in Berlin-Neukölln were cast.
Interior
_Altarraum.JPG)
Until 1953, there were also community galleries on both long sides of the nave. The nave ended at the height of the approach of the current, enlarged choir, and the galleries reached up to the last window of the old church. Inside, the pews from 1818 had to give way to a new facility. In the room under the tower there are fixtures from the last renovation in 1953, e.g. B. from here the organ loft can be reached via a spiral staircase .
Principal pieces
The gilded silver communion chalice is a 15th century work that was restored in 1520. The large brass christening bowl dates from the end of the 17th century. The new brick altar with a wooden top replaced the pulpit altar that was removed in 1953. The baptismal font , other baptismal implements and the current pulpit were made in the classical style on the occasion of the renovation in 1953.
organ
_Orgelempore.JPG)
The classical organ from 1865 is the only surviving older part of the interior. It is difficult to see because the gallery protruding far into the room conceals its prospect . The first organ was made by the organ builder Carl Ludwig Gesell and installed here in 1865. The prospectus is designed in a transitional style between Rococo and Classicism , based on a design by Karl Friedrich Schinkel . The work is largely original. It was u. a. Restored in 1953 and 1976 by Karl Schuke , a new register Mixtur 3-fold added in 1976. The disposition can be viewed at Orgel Databank .
Literature (chronological)
- Kurt Pomplun: Berlin's old village churches. Berlin 1962, (6th edition 1984).
- Günther Kühne, Elisabeth Stephani: Evangelical churches in Berlin. Berlin 1978.
- Klaus-Dieter Wille: The bells of Berlin (West). History and inventory. Berlin 1987.
- Matthias Hoffmann-Tauschwitz: Old Churches in Berlin. Berlin 1991.
- Markus Cante: Churches until 1618 , in: Berlin and its buildings, Part VI: Sacred buildings. Ed .: Architects and Engineers Association of Berlin , Berlin 1997, p. 359.
- Christel Wollmann-Fiedler, Jan Feustel: Old village churches in Berlin. Berlin 2001
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Munich / Berlin 2006 (Band Berlin).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Joachim Pohl: The Benedictine nunnery of St. Marien zu Spandau and the church institutions of the city of Spandau in the Middle Ages. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 1996, ISBN 3-412-03496-7 , p. 92; Joachim Pohl: The Spandau Benedictine Monastery of St. Marien in its urban and rural relationships. In: Kaspar Elm (Hrsg.): Wichmann yearbook of the Diözesangeschichtsverein Berlin. New episode 4, XXXVI. Year 1996/1997, pp. 47–94, here p. 70.
- ↑ Cante (see literature ) suspects without further justification: "probably second half of the 14th century".
- ↑ organindex.de
- ^ Organ database
Coordinates: 52 ° 27 '10.4 " N , 13 ° 8' 41.9" E