Schenkendorf village church
The Protestant village church Schenkendorf is a late Gothic hall church in Schenkendorf , a district of Mittenwalde in the Dahme-Spreewald district in Brandenburg .
history
The sacred building was probably built from field stones at the end of the 14th or beginning of the 15th century . So far it has not been possible to find out whether the church belonged to the Diocese of Brandenburg or the Diocese of Meißen at that time . What speaks in favor of Brandenburg is that the Premonstratensians were involved in the construction and that they followed the principle of the small parish: each village should have its own small church. Another indication of construction supervision by a large monastery is the gusset technique used in this field stone church , which experience has shown was only practiced by trained craftsmen, but not by the inhabitants of a small village. In the course of the Reformation hardly any changes were made to the structure. However, the church in Schenkendorf was elevated to a parish church . Experts suspect that the massive west tower burned down in the Thirty Years War . With the rule of the von Löben people , the building was rebuilt. In 1657 they also acquired Schenkendorf, among others, and renovated the building from 1662 to 1669 and rebuilt it in the Protestant spirit: the windows were enlarged and given a reveal, the tower and roof were renewed. The altar , the pulpit and the fifth were replaced by baroque furnishings. At that time, the north of which originated nave grown sacristy a crypt . In 1734 and 1789 the parish had the tower renovated. According to tradition, the floor in front of the altar collapsed in August 1800. A grave vault was discovered, but it was filled in again. In 1811 Schenkendorf came to Königs Wusterhausen . In 1866 the tower got its clock; three years later the parish replaced a harmonium with an organ . In the 19th century, the number of churchgoers rose sharply because a mine opened nearby. The parish therefore had a horseshoe gallery built in so that all visitors could find a place. At the same time, the church stalls were divided into two, so that a wide aisle was created. Between 1900 and 1910, the building was remodeled in neo-baroque style and an oven was installed, which was placed on the east wall behind the altar. However, it quickly became apparent that the interior was damaged and had to be repainted. The church tower was connected to the nave via a door and the floor was tiled. Construction workers found further tombs in the western nave, which were also filled in. The extension was also the scene of some construction work. Workers found that the coffins were open and the mummified bodies were exposed. One side wall collapsed and was rebuilt. The lavishly designed east windows are a gift from a widow Möricke from 1910. In 1957 the parish had the roof re-covered and in 1965 repaired the tower with its lantern again . In 1962, workers removed the southern gallery. In 1982 the coal stove was replaced by gas heating. In 2001 and 2002, the outer building envelope was renovated.
architecture
The builders erected a sacred building with a rectangular floor plan. Theo Engeser and Konstanze Stehr give in their research a width of 10.40 meters on the west side and 9.80 meters on the east side. According to their measurements, the length of the church is 24.54 meters. This is followed by a straight apse to the east . The west tower is laid out in the same width as the nave and thus adjoins to the west. Except for the corners of the building, the comparatively large field stones are not carved and are unevenly layered. On the south side of the nave there is a small beehive-shaped window in the basement of the tower and four large windows on the rest of the facade. Between the second and third of these large openings is a gate that served as the main entrance at a time when the tower was not yet erected. The iron fittings on it are hand-forged and of Gothic origin. Remains of the late Gothic fittings have been preserved on the inside. On the north side there is a much smaller window and two large windows towards the apse. The viewer will also find this shape on the east side. Above this there is a slightly eccentric round window in the gable, which is also made of field stones . This is due to the fact that in 1910 the stove's chimney led upwards at this point. Some irregularities in the masonry can lead to the conclusion that there was a group of three windows at this point at an earlier point in time . All windows stand out clearly through lightly plastered bottles . The main entrance is through a large, ogival portal with a two-tier masonry made of field stones, which was reconstructed in 1910. The nave is covered with a reddish beaver tail . The upper floor of the tower emerges from this in the west. It is clad with black slate and has a rectangular sound arcade on each of its three accessible sides . On all four sides there is a tower clock with black pointers on a white dial decorated with red at its corners. It is a gift from the manorial estate owner von Schenkendorf, Theodor Flatau . The storey is connected with a hipped roof covered with a red beaver tail , followed by a brightly painted, square, wooden lantern with an onion dome - again covered in black slate - and a cross. The extension on the northeast side of the nave is rectangular with a side length of 6.40 meters, lightly plastered and decorated with a baroque decorative gable, which is structured with pilaster strips . It was built from masonry bricks and has a purlin roof placed across the nave . Erected as a sacristy and crypt, later used as a morgue, it stood empty in 2016. The extension can be entered through a wide door on the north side. There are two small windows above. Two more openings are on the east and west sides of the extension. The crypt can be entered through a door in the floor of the nave.
Furnishing
The altarpiece dates from the third quarter of the 17th century and consists of two open arches placed one above the other. The lower one is based on two columns decorated with tendrils and ornaments, which hold the arch decorated with a putto . In the upper arch there is a crucifix , which was supplemented with floral tendrils from 1910. The cheeks are decorated with two angels. The reredos is crowned by a representation of the risen Christ with a banner and cross, who stands on another putto. White and gold-colored cartilage attached to the side creates the impression of a blown gable.
The wooden pulpit probably dates from the same era. Proverbs from the Bible can be seen on the rectangular basket, which are attached between fruit hangings and rest on a support decorated with cartilage. The following quotations are attached from bottom to top: "While Peter was still speaking / these words, / the holy man fell on all / who listened to the word!" Acts of the Apostles of Luke (Acts 10:44 ), about it "warm things / are preached in you city of God ” Book of Psalms (87: 3), followed by“ How should they hear without a preacher? But how should / they preach where they are not / sent? As then / it is written: How lovely / are the feet of those who preach / peace? So / faith comes from / preaching: but preaching / from the word of God ” Paul's letter to the Romans (10, 14, 15 and 17). Finally, on the front side, the following two quotations can be read on two tablets: “Ezra, the / scribe, stood / on a wooden / high chair that they / had made to / preach and Ezra / opened the book to all the people, for he towered over all the people; and when he / opened it, all the people stood. ” Book of Nehemiah , (8, 4.5) and“ When Jesus opened the / book, / he found the place where / it is written: / The Spirit of the Lord / is with me, because / that he / has anointed me; He has sent me to / preach the / Gospel to / the poor, to heal / broken hearts " Gospel according to Luke (8, 17.18)
The wooden fifth was probably made at the same time as the altarpiece and the pulpit. The cup stands on a figure of the apostle John and is decorated with rich fruit hangings and putti. The lid is decorated with tendrils and is crowned by a blessing Christ child with a dove of peace attached above . The construction is suspended from the ceiling with a rope.
A carved altar hangs on the north wall of the nave, which, according to an inscription, dates from 1516. It was used as the main altar until the stove was installed. In the middle shrine the Madonna of the Moon is depicted under a canopy. On the side - in pairs, one on top of the other - you can see Catherine of Alexandria , Margaret of Antioch , Barbara of Nicomedia and Saint Dorothea . The insides of the wings show the depictions of the crucifixion of Christ and the crowning of thorns on the left and the flagellation and the scene on the Mount of Olives on the right. When closed, the altar shows Nicholas of Myra and Apollonia of Alexandria .
On the western and northern inner walls of the nave, on wooden pillars, there is a gallery painted with greenish paint , which is decorated with rectangular coffers and on the east side of which there is an organ with a white prospect . It dates from 1869, while the church stalls were built in 1910 and restored around 1980.
The interior is flat and decorated with a cove .
literature
- Georg Dehio (arr. Gerhard Vinken et al.): Handbook of German Art Monuments - Brandenburg. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-422-03123-4 .
- Architectural office Dr. Ing. Achim Krekeler on behalf of the parish of Schenkendorf: Village church Schenkendorf Schenkendorf / Königs Wusterhausen / Brandenburg, without date
- Dorfkirche Schenkendorf , website Medieval village churches in Teltow (south of Berlin and Brandenburg), accessed on June 18, 2016.
Web links
Coordinates: 52 ° 16 ′ 44.9 " N , 13 ° 35 ′ 35.9" E