Dornberg (Hesse)

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Dornberg
City of Groß-Gerau
Old coat of arms of Dornberg
Coordinates: 49 ° 54 ′ 26 ″  N , 8 ° 29 ′ 11 ″  E
Height : 88 m above sea level NN
Residents : 410  (Jun. 30, 2017)
Incorporation : April 1, 1939
Postal code : 64521
Area code : 06152
Dornberg Castle gate construction
Old forester's house

Dornberg is a district of the district town of Groß-Gerau in the southern Hessian district of Groß-Gerau .

geography

Dornberg borders the city of Groß-Gerau to the south and has around 400 inhabitants.

history

middle Ages

Dornberg emerged as a village around the castle of the same name , the oldest surviving mention from the 12th century identifying it as the seat of the Lords of Dornberg . These were also wealthy in the area. They managed their property from the castle, which later became the Dornberg office , the center of which was the village of Dornberg.

With the extinction of the Lords of Dornberg in 1259, Dornberg passed to the Counts of Katzenelnbogen . In 1318 a separate church is mentioned for the first time, in 1371 a chapel outside the castle. In 1479 the Counts of Katzenelnbogen died out. The heirs were the Landgraves of Hesse , who used the castle as a hunting lodge and built the pheasantry to the west .

Modern times

With the division of the Landgraviate of Hesse under the heirs of Philip the Magnanimous in 1567, Dornberg came to the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt . Even its first regent, Georg I , caused the Landrecht collection of the Upper County of Katzenelnbogen , compiled by his Chancellor, Johann Kleinschmidt , to become legally binding there. She was in Dornberg as a particular law , subsidiary supplemented by the Common Law , to the end of the 19th century. It was not until January 1, 1900, when the Civil Code , which was uniformly valid throughout the German Reich , that the old particular law was suspended.

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Dornberg in 1829:

»Dornberg (L. Bez. Gl. N.) Lutheran Filialdorf; is located on the Landbach on the old Neckar and 2 hours northwest of Darmstadt. There are 22 houses and 125 inhabitants who are Lutheran with the exception of 2 Catholics. Dornberg is the seat of the district councilor, has a beautiful office building and the ruins of Dornberg Castle on a tree-covered hill. - The Lords of Dornberg, who owned Curtis Gerau as a fief as early as the 12th century, from a line of the Counts of Henneberg in Oberrheingau, gave the castle Dornberg its name or took it from it, and since then they have not been with Gerau but with the Dornberg Castle. After the departure of the male tribe of the Lords of Dornberg, who resided at the castle until 1247, the Counts of Katzenellenbogen received it in 1259, who introduced it, along with its belonging, to the Würzburg fiefdoms: and from Würzburg the Counts of Katzenellenbogen as well Castle and village Dornberg, with Großgerau, Kleingerau, Worfelden, Berkach, Wallerstädten and Büttelborn enfeoffed, it must be assumed that these places belonged to the castle. As early as 1311, there were cellars or bailiffs in Dornberg who exercised all jurisdiction alone and administered the differences between the manors. The acquisition of this castle gave the Counts of Katzenellenbogen, who had their residence here until 1375, the opportunity to expand their possessions to include this castle. This castle also gave its name to an office which, after it had become too big through purchase, gave up parts from which, along with other places, a second office, the Rüsselsheim office, was formed. In the meantime, in 1411 the Counts of Henneberg reasserted their old rights to this castle. It remained until the Bavarian feud, the Henneberg fiefdom, until in 1521 the Counts of Henneberg renounced all fiefdoms to the Dornberg Castle against Landgrave Philipp the Magnanimous, and Hesse received the castle and its part as an Allodium . In the Thirty Years' War this castle, which was provided with ramparts, ditches, drawbridges, walls and double gates, and which was always different from the village of Dernberg, was the refuge for people and property. Later the castle was no longer inhabited, but was still maintained until it was burned down on February 14, 1689 by the murderous French; they also infected the office; but they withdrew so quickly that the latter could still be saved. 392 Malter fruits burned in the castle, of which the coals are still being found. The village of Dornberg, which was burned down in 1640, was also infected; and the damage caused by this fire at Dornberg was estimated at 12,481 florins . "

Constitution

Official system before 1821

In the early modern period, the functions of administration and jurisdiction were combined in the " office " at the lowest level , including the Dornberg office, which existed until 1821.

In 1806 the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt became the Grand Duchy of Hessen . Here Dornberg was in the province of Starkenburg . In the course of the administrative reform of 1821, the old offices were dissolved, district councils were set up for administrative tasks on the lower level and district courts were set up for the first instance jurisdiction.

Administration after 1821

For the parent management in Dornberg now was District District Dornberg responsible. In 1832 the administrative units in the Grand Duchy were further enlarged and districts were created. This brought Dornberg to the Groß-Gerau district. The provinces, the counties and the administrative districts of the Grand Duchy were abolished on July 31, 1848 and replaced by administrative districts, but this was reversed on May 12, 1852. As a result, Dornberg belonged to the Darmstadt administrative district between 1848 and 1852 before the Groß-Gerau district was again responsible for the higher-level administration. The place remained there until today through all further administrative reforms.

On April 1, 1939, Dornberg was incorporated into the city of Groß-Gerau.

Judicial reforms

In the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt, the judicial system of the two higher authorities was reorganized with an executive order of December 9, 1803. The offices remained the first instance of justice in civil matters . For the Principality of Starkenburg , the “Hofgericht Darmstadt” was set up as a court of second instance for civil matters. In the first instance it was also responsible for civil family law and criminal matters . The higher appeal court in Darmstadt was superordinate to it .

With the administrative reform of 1821, courts in the Grand Duchy of Hesse were also created at the lowest level, which were independent of the administration. The district court Großgerau was now locally responsible for Dornberg . With the reform of the Reich judiciary , which took effect on October 1, 1879, it was renamed " Groß-Gerau District Court ".

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Dornberg was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Population development

• 1791: 100 inhabitants
• 1800: 081 inhabitants
• 1806: 099 inhabitants, 23 houses
• 1829: 125 inhabitants, 22 houses
• 1867: 146 inhabitants, 24 houses
Dornberg: Population from 1791 to 1925
year     Residents
1791
  
 100
1800
  
 81
1806
  
 99
1829
  
 146
1834
  
 115
1840
  
 135
1846
  
 139
1852
  
 133
1858
  
 140
1864
  
 139
1871
  
 164
1875
  
 154
1885
  
 192
1895
  
 194
1905
  
 222
1910
  
 243
1925
  
 245
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

The 2011 census counted 480 inhabitants.

traffic

Dornberg has a stop on the Rhein-Main S-Bahn at Groß Gerau-Dornberg station . Also regional trains of the connection of Frankfurt (Main) Hauptbahnhof - Mannheim Central stop here. In the 1950s, shuttle trains ran from here via the connecting curve to the Rhein-Main-Bahn to Groß Gerau station .

literature

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ In the course of the regional reform in 1938 , the three Hessian provinces of Starkenburg, Rheinhessen and Upper Hesse are dissolved.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Groß-Gerau in numbers. In: website. City of Groß-Gerau, archived from the original ; accessed in March 2019 .
  2. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 50 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  3. ↑ Arthur Benno Schmidt : The historical foundations of civil law in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Curt von Münchow, Giessen 1893, p. 108f. and enclosed card.
  4. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Hessisches Regierungsblatt, p. 404.
  5. ↑ a b c d e Dornberg, district of Groß-Gerau. Historical local dictionary for Hesse (as of October 16, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed in March 2020 .
  6. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Hessisches Regierungsblatt, p. 404.
  7. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  8. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Darmstadt 1866, p. 43 ff . ( online at Google Books ).
  9. ↑ a b List of offices, places, houses, population. (1806) HStAD inventory E 8 A No. 352/4. In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), as of February 6, 1806.
  10. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1791 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1791, p.  120 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  11. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1800 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1800, p.  120 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  12. ^ Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of the residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 22 ( online at google books ).
  13. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. In: 2011 census . Hessian State Statistical Office;