Eduard Mühle

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Eduard Mühle (born July 21, 1957 in Bad Rothenfelde ) is a German historian . From 1995 to 2005 he was director of the Herder Institute in Marburg and has been professor for the history of East Central Europe and Eastern Europe at the Westphalian Wilhelms University in Münster since 2005 . From 2008 to 2013 he was director of the German Historical Institute in Warsaw . Mühle is an expert on the early and high medieval town and rule history of Eastern and Western Slavs as well as the contemporary history of Eastern Central Europe.

Life

Eduard mill made after high school in 1978 in Lippstadt civilian alternative service with Action Reconciliation in Israel . From 1978 to 1986 he studied Eastern European and Modern History, Slavic Studies , Philosophy and Theology in Paderborn , Jerusalem , Münster and London . From 1987 to 1989 he was a scholarship holder of the Gerda Henkel Foundation . The doctorate at the University of Münster took place in the winter of 1989 with Frank Kämper with a thesis on the early phase of the urban trade centers of north-western Russia .

After positions at the Institute for Eastern European History at the University of Mainz , in the German Research Foundation and in the secretariat of the University Rectors' Conference, he was director of the Herder Institute in Marburg from 1995 to 2005. In 2000/01 he was visiting professor at St Antony's College , Oxford . After completing his habilitation on Hermann Aubin and “German East Research” at the University of Marburg in 2004, he was appointed professor for the history of East Central Europe and Eastern Europe in Münster in 2005. From 2008 to 2013, he succeeded Klaus Ziemer as head of the German Historical Institute in Warsaw . Under his leadership, the institute focused on the Middle Ages without neglecting previously developed topics. The dynastic rule of the Piasts in medieval Poland was the focus of interest. During his stay in Warsaw, he dealt particularly emphatically with Polish history.

In 2014, Mühle received the Polish Alexander von Humboldt Research Award for his services to German-Polish cooperation. Mühle has been co-editor of the journal for East Central Europe research since 1995 . In 2016, Mühle was elected a foreign member of the Polish Academy of Sciences and Arts in Kraków ( Polska Akademia Umiejętności ). From September to December 2017 he was a member of the Institute for Advanced Study .

Mühle is married and has two children.

Research priorities

Mühle's research interests include the medieval history of Eastern Europe, in particular Old Russia and Poland with special consideration of the city's history, the development of the Eastern European higher education and science systems after 1945 and 1989 as well as the German-language historiography of Eastern Europe in the 19th and 20th centuries.

Mühle's dissertation, published in 1991, dealt with the older Russian urban history. Mühle examined the development of the old Russian cities of Ladoga, Novgorod , Pskov , Polock and Smolensk . In its final part, Mühle distinguishes a three-phase model in the development of a town in northwestern Rus. The first phase is based on an early suburban phase from the middle of the 8th to the beginning of the 10th century. The second phase is an early urban acceleration phase from the 10th to the first half of the 11th century. During this phase he noticed a building density and a castle suburbium dualism. The city then formed from the middle of the 11th to the end of the 12th century. Mühle then analyzes the factors and causes of urban development. Mühle's work is considered a standard work for the development of cities in Eastern Europe. For the first time, Mühle presented an overall presentation of the early history of the Eastern European city in a Western European language.

In 1995 Mühle published a study on the goals and the course of the university reform in Russia since 1985. On the occasion of the 65th birthday of the Marburg Eastern European historian Hans Lemberg , a conference was held at the Herder Institute in April 1998. Mühle published the conference proceedings in 2001. The anthology deals in three sections with "Eastern Europe and Central Europe", "Aspects of Bohemian History" and "National Segregation in the 20th Century". As a result of a conference at St Antony's College in Oxford, Mühle published an anthology in 2003 with eight articles on the history of relations between Germany and various Eastern European countries. The thematic focus of the contributions is on the twenties and thirties of the 20th century and the Second World War.

With his habilitation thesis published in 2005 on Hermann Aubin, arguably the most important representative of German regional historical research in the first half of the 20th century, Mühle wanted to present less a biography than "a paradigmatic personality of German Ostforschung and its environment" a larger investigation into the history of the Dedicate "Ostforschung". Up to now, historical studies had mainly concentrated on Aubin's work during National Socialism . In contrast, in his study, Mühle considered all phases of the historian's life and thus the entire history of Eastern research from the Weimar Republic , through the Nazi era, to the post-war period. Mühle's account is divided into three main chapters: Aubin's biography as a contemporary, his work as a science organizer and his historiographical work. For him, Aubin was not a “pioneer of annihilation”, but a “co-thinker” of “ethnic land consolidation” and “reorganization of Central Europe”. Mühle conceptually classifies Aubin between fellow travelers and accomplices. Mühle judged Aubin's political and ideological adaptation to National Socialism after 1933 as “part of those conditions that ultimately made the race war and genocide possible”. In addition to his biography, Mühle has published individual studies on Aubin's academic work in the Third Reich, his understanding of science, his ideas of the “German East”, his experience on the Eastern Front in World War I, his academic school in Breslau and his participation in the 7th International Day of Historians in Warsaw in 1933. Mühle published an edition of the letters in 2008. It comprises 228 letters from 21 archives to 80 different addressees in the period from 1910 to 1968. The letters refer primarily to "Ostforschung".

In 2011 Mühle published a brief account of the Piasts from their beginnings in the 10th century to the death of Casimir the Great in 1370. So far there has been no German-language account of the first Polish ruling family. Mühle advocates the basic assumption "that a deeper understanding of today's Poland, its national self-image and its political-cultural behavior within the European community cannot do without a knowledge of the historical phenomenon of the 'Piasts'". According to Mühle, "raids and war expeditions into foreign territories and the siphoning off of local resources" were the indispensable instrument for securing Piastic rule in the 10th and 11th centuries. The way to the establishment of a large-scale rule only paved the Christianization of the Piasts and the establishment of their own church organization enabled them to actually enforce it.

In 2015 he published an account of the history of the city of Wroclaw . With the exception of the phase since 1989, each chapter "approaches the epoch in question first through an architectural monument, before describing its essential characteristics, structures and events in a sometimes generous overview and not always in strict chronological order and paradigmatically deepening it using a selected historical figure". Examples of "epoch-significant buildings and personalities" chose mill the Cathedral , the Town Hall , the Jesuit College , the Royal Castle , the Jahrhunderthalle and the regional council . In addition to Hermann Aubin, Mühle chose Johann Crato von Krafftheim , Gustav Heinrich von Ruffer , Adolf Heilberg , Kaspar Popplau and Henryk Tomaszewski for the “epoch-making personalities” . For Mühle, Hermann Aubin was the “leading figure” for the period from 1933 to 1945. Mühle's history of the city of Breslau was published in 2016 in a Polish translation.

In his annual lecture at the Medieval Center of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences in 2016, after reviewing the evidence for the name of the Slavs, Mühle came to the conclusion that “the early and high medieval Byzantine, Arabic and Latin sources [...] were never ethnic or politically and socially defined large community in the sense of “the Slavs” in mind ”. He published an overview of the Slavs in 2017.

Mühle is one of the few medievalists in Germany who can speak the Polish language. He is a regular reporter on Polish Medieval Studies for the historical journal German Archives for Research into the Middle Ages . Mühle achieved particular merits through his translation services, in that he made the proceeds of Polish Medieval Studies available in German. In 2011 Mühle published an anthology with 16 articles in Polish on urban development in East Central Europe in the 13th and 14th centuries, published between 1994 and 2008. By translating the contributions, Mühle attempted “to familiarize general urban history research [...] with the recent Polish discussion about the requirements, beginnings and design of the municipal legal town in medieval Poland”. In 2012 Mühle published an anthology with thirteen research articles on the nobility in medieval Poland by leading Polish medievalists from 1992 to 2010. The contributions have been revised and updated for their publication in German, and what has been previously unpublished has been added. With his translation of the research contributions, Mühle wants to make “an interim balance sheet, a snapshot in the process of a long and complex research discussion” accessible to the German-speaking audience. The last compilation of Polish works on the subject appeared in a Western European language 30 years ago. In 2013, Mühle translated 15 articles in Polish into German about medieval monarchical foundations in Poland. A year later, Mühle presented the chronicle of the Polish Magister Vincentius for the first time in a complete German translation. The chronicle is one of the most important sources of the early and high medieval history of Poland. Also in 2014, Mühle published a second anthology, which aims to make the current results of medieval urban history research in Poland known to a larger German-speaking readership based on Wroclaw and Krakow in the High and Late Middle Ages. With two exceptions, the 14 articles are essays or chapters from monographs that were published in Polish between 2006 and 2011. They were translated and revised for the new publication.

Fonts (selection)

Monographs

  • The Slavs in the Middle Ages between idea and reality. Böhlau, Cologne et al. 2020, ISBN 978-3-412-51898-1 .
  • The Slavs (= Beck series. CH Beck Wissen. Bd. 2872). Beck, Munich 2017, ISBN 978-3-406-70986-9 .
  • The Slavs in the Middle Ages. De Gruyter, Berlin et al. 2016, ISBN 978-3-11-049015-2 .
  • Wroclaw. History of a European metropolis. Böhlau, Cologne et al. 2015, ISBN 3-412-50137-9 .
  • The Piasts. Poland in the Middle Ages (= Beck series. CH Beck Wissen. Bd. 2709). Beck, Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-406-61137-7 .
  • For the people and the German East. The historian Hermann Aubin and the German Ostforschung (= writings of the Federal Archives. Vol. 65). Droste, Düsseldorf 2005, ISBN 3-7700-1619-X (also: Marburg, Universität, habilitation thesis, 2004).
  • The 'desovietization' of the Russian university. Historical prerequisites, concerns and course of the university reform in Russia since 1985 (= documents on university reform . Vol. 103, ISSN  0420-1639 ). University Rectors' Conference, Bonn 1995.
  • University reform in Hungary. The Hungarian Higher Education Act of July 13, 1993 (= documents on higher education reform. Vol. 93). University Rectors' Conference, Bonn 1994.
  • The urban trade centers of northwestern Ruś. Beginnings and early development of old Russian cities (until the end of the 12th century) (= sources and studies on the history of Eastern Europe. Vol. 32). Steiner, Stuttgart 1991, ISBN 3-515-05616-5 (also: Münster, University, dissertation, 1989).

Editions

  • The Chronicle of Poles by Magister Vincentius (= selected sources on the history of the Middle Ages. Freiherr-vom-Stein memorial edition. Vol. 48). Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 2014, ISBN 978-3-534-24775-2 .
  • Letters from the East researcher Hermann Aubin from the years 1910–1968 (= sources on the history and regional studies of East Central Europe. Vol. 7). Herder Institute, Marburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-87969-349-8 .

Editorships

  • Wroclaw and Krakow in the High and Late Middle Ages. Urban design, living space, lifestyle (= urban research. Publications of the Institute for Comparative Urban History. Series A: Representations. Vol. 83). Böhlau, Cologne et al. 2014, ISBN 3-412-22122-8 .
  • Studies on the nobility in medieval Poland (= sources and studies of the German Historical Institute Warsaw. Vol. 25). Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2012, ISBN 978-3-447-06589-4 .
  • with Norbert Angermann : Riga in the process of modernization. Studies on the change of a Baltic metropolis in the 19th and early 20th centuries (= conferences on East Central Europe research. Vol. 21). Herder Institute, Marburg 2004, ISBN 3-87969-320-X .
  • Germany and the European East in the Twentieth Century (= German historical perspectives series. Vol. 17). Berg, Oxford et al. a. 2003, ISBN 1-85973-710-2 .
  • Mentalities - nations - areas of tension. Studies on Central and Eastern Europe in the 19th and 20th centuries. Contributions to a colloquium on the occasion of Hans Lemberg's 65th birthday (= meetings of the Herder Institute on East Central Europe Research. Vol. 11). Herder Institute, Marburg 2001, ISBN 978-3-87969-291-0 .
  • From the instrument of the party to the “fourth estate”. The East Central European press as a historical source (= conferences on East Central Europe research. Vol. 4). Herder Institute, Marburg 1997, ISBN 3-87969-260-2 .
  • Monarchical and aristocratic sacral foundations in medieval Poland (= Foundation stories . Vol. 9). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-05-005926-6 .

literature

Web links

Remarks

  1. ^ Eduard Mühle: Dynastic rule in medieval Poland. Review of a temporary research focus of the German Historical Institute in Warsaw. In: Yearbook of historical research in the Federal Republic of Germany. Reporting year 2012, 2013, pp. 35–46, here: p. 35.
  2. ^ Page by Mühle at the Institute for Advanced Study
  3. ↑ Carsten Goehrke's discussion of some new publications on the development of cities in Eastern Europe. In: Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas 42, 1994, pp 235-240.
  4. ↑ Review by Alexander V. Nazarenko in German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages 48, 1992, pp. 350–351 ( digitized version ).
  5. ^ Eduard Mühle: The 'desovietization' of the Russian university. Historical prerequisites, concerns and course of the higher education reform in Russia since 1985. Bonn 1995.
  6. ↑ Eduard Mühle (Ed.): Mentalities - Nations - Tension Fields. Studies on Central and Eastern Europe in the 19th and 20th centuries. Contributions to a colloquium on the occasion of Hans Lemberg's 65th birthday. Marburg 2001.
  7. ^ Eduard Mühle (Ed.): Germany and the European East in the Twentieth Century. Oxford 2003.
  8. ^ Eduard Mühle: For the people and the German East. The historian Hermann Aubin and German Ostforschung. Düsseldorf 2005, p. 4.
  9. ↑ See the reviews of Mathias Beer in: Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas 55, 2007, pp. 100–101. Matthias Werner : The historian and Eastern researcher Hermann Aubin. Notes on some recent publications. In: Rheinische Vierteljahrsblätter. 74, 2010, pp. 235-253, here: pp. 235 f. ( online ); Willi Oberkrome in: Historische Zeitschrift 283, 2006, pp. 817–820.
  10. ^ Eduard Mühle: For the people and the German East. The historian Hermann Aubin and German Ostforschung. Düsseldorf 2005, p. 627.
  11. ↑ On this, the review by Frank-Rutger Hausmann in: Das Historisch-Politische Buch . Vol. 54, 2006, pp. 236-237.
  12. ^ Eduard Mühle: For the people and the German East. The historian Hermann Aubin and German Ostforschung. Düsseldorf 2005, p. 628.
  13. ↑ Eduard Mühle: Hermann Aubin, the 'German East' and National Socialism - Interpretations of an academic activity in the Third Reich. In: Hartmut Lehmann, Otto Gerhard Oexle (Hrsg.): National Socialism in the Cultural Studies. Volume 1: Subjects - Milieus - Careers. Göttingen 2004, pp. 531-591.
  14. ↑ Eduard Mühle: “… simply instinctively familiar.” On Hermann Aubin's understanding of science and his historical cultural research. In: sheets for German national history. 139-140, 2003-2004, pp. 233-266.
  15. ^ Eduard Mühle: The European East in the Perception of German Historians. The example of Hermann Aubin. In: Gregor Thum (ed.): Dreamland East. German images of Eastern Europe in the 20th century. Göttingen 2006, pp. 110-137.
  16. ^ Eduard Mühle: World War One on the Galician-Polish Eastern Front 1914/15. On the perception of the East in field post letters from the East researcher Hermann Aubin. In: Journal for East Central Europe Research. 51, 2002, pp. 529-576.
  17. ^ Eduard Mühle: The 'Silesian School of Eastern Research'. Hermann Aubin and his Wroclaw working group during the National Socialist years. In: Śląska republika uczonych - Silesian Republic of Scholars. Slezká vědecká obec. Vol. 1, Wrocław 2004, pp. 568-607.
  18. ↑ Eduard Mühle: "Happy back from the wild Schlachzizen". Hermann Aubin and the International Congress of Historians in Warsaw in 1933. In: Bernhard Symanzik (Ed.): Studia Philologica Slavica. Festschrift for Gerhard Birkfellner on his 65th birthday. Berlin 2006, pp. 477-494.
  19. ^ Matthias Werner: The historian and Eastern researcher Hermann Aubin. Notes on some recent publications. In: Rheinische Vierteljahrsblätter. 74, 2010, pp. 235-253, here: p. 247 ( online ).
  20. ↑ See the reviews by Grischa Vercamer in: Zeitschrift für Historische Forschung 40, 2013, pp. 670–672 ( online ); Stefan Hartmann in: Journal for East Central Europe Research 61, 2012, pp. 70–72 ( online ); Konrad Fuchs in: Das Historisch-Politische Buch 59, 2011, pp. 591–592.
  21. ↑ Eduard Mühle: The Piasts. Poland in the Middle Ages. Munich 2011, p. 7.
  22. ↑ Eduard Mühle: The Piasts. Poland in the Middle Ages. Munich 2011, p. 7.
  23. ↑ Eduard Mühle: The Piasts. Poland in the Middle Ages. Munich 2011, p. 73.
  24. ↑ See the discussions by Helmut Neubach in: Das Historisch-Politische Buch 64, 2016, p. 300; Karl Borchardt in: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages 74, 2018, p. 920 f; Jan Huber in: Journal for Bavarian Church History 85, 2016, 267–268.
  25. ^ Eduard Mühle: Breslau. History of a European metropolis. Cologne et al. 2015, p. 11.
  26. ^ Eduard Mühle: Historia Wrocławia. Warsaw 2016.
  27. ↑ Eduard Mühle: The Slavs in the Middle Ages. Berlin et al. 2016, p. 39.
  28. ↑ See the review by Matthias E. Cichon in: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung 68, 2019, p. 150 ( online )
  29. ^ Eduard Mühle (Ed.): Founding of the legal towns in medieval Poland. Cologne et al. 2011. See the review by Winfried Irrgang in: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung 61, 2012, pp. 605–608 ( online ).
  30. ↑ Eduard Mühle: Introduction. In: Eduard Mühle (Hrsg.): Founding of legal cities in medieval Poland. Cologne et al. 2011, pp. 1–11, here: p. 4.
  31. ^ Eduard Mühle: Genesis and early development of the nobility from a Polish perspective. In: Eduard Mühle (ed.): Studies on the nobility in medieval Poland. Wiesbaden 2012, pp. 1–12, here: pp. 9–10.
  32. ^ Antoni Gąsiorowski (ed.): The Polish Nobility in the Middle Ages. Anthologies. Wrocław 1984.
  33. ↑ See the review by Claudia Esch in: Jahrbuch für Regionalgeschichte 35, 2017, pp. 157–160.
personal data
SURNAME Mill, Eduard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German historian
DATE OF BIRTH July 21, 1957
PLACE OF BIRTH Bad Rothenfelde