Erhard Britzke

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Erhard Viktorowitsch Britzke ( Russian Эргард Викторович Брицке ; * 8 January July / 20 January  1877 greg. In Riga or Dorpat or Arkadak in the Saratov governorate ; † 28 September 1953 in Moscow ), also known as Edgard Britzke ( Russian ед Эдгарцд ), was a German Baltic - Russian chemist , metallurgist and university professor .

Life

Britzke, son of the landowner and agronomist Viktor Georg Britzke (1844-1903), attended the 3rd Kazan gymnasium with completion in 1897. He then studied at the chemical faculty of Riga Polytechnic Institute in 1903. While still a student with graduation, he constructed a galvanic cell on the base of lead , carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide , for which he received a Russian foreign patent. Studies abroad followed (1904–1906).

After his return Britzke taught at the Riga Polytechnic Institute until 1917, initially as a lecturer and from 1910 as a professor. In 1910 his first book Production of Superphosphate was published . During the First World War , he was evacuated to Moscow with the institute in 1915 .

After the October Revolution , Britzke, together with JW Samoilow and DN Prjanischnikow, organized the Research Institute for Fertilizers in 1919 , of which he was director from 1923 to 1938. He was also involved in the organization of the Institute for Applied Metallurgy in 1923 ,

In addition, Britzke taught at the Moscow Institute for Economics (1919-1929) and at the Moscow Technical University (1921-1931), where he set up and then headed a chair for mineral fertilizer technology and another for chemical industry in the USSR . The two chairs were merged in 1930 and transferred to the 2nd Moscow Chemical and Technological Institute , which in 1932 became the Military Academy for Chemical Defense . There Britzke headed the chair for Mineral Technology until 1939.

In 1931 Britzke became a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (AN-SSSR) . In 1932 he founded the trade journal Werkslaboratorien and became a full member of the AN-SSSR. In 1935 he became a member of the Soviet Academy of Agricultural Sciences . 1936–1939 he was Vice President of the AN-SSSR.

In the new institute for metallurgy of the AN-SSSR Britzke headed the physico-chemical department from 1939 until his death . After the German-Soviet War he set up a heat treatment laboratory at the Institute for Applied Metallurgy , which he headed in 1945 until his death. Independently of PH Emmet , Britzke and AF Kapustin clarified the influence of diffusion on the reaction of rust with hydrogen .

Britzke was married and had 5 siblings and a son, Maximilian Britzke (1919-2000). Britzke's grave monument is in Moscow's Novodevichy Cemetery .

Honors

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Article Britzke Erhard Viktorowitsch in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)http: //vorlage_gse.test/1%3D037448~2a%3DBritzke%20Erhard%20Viktorowitsch~2b%3DBritzke%20Erhard%20Viktorowitsch
  2. ^ Erik Amburger database: Britzke, Erhard / Viktorovič (accessed April 4, 2019).
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Волков В. А., Куликова М. В .: Московские профессора XVIII– начала XX веков. Естественные и технические науки . Янус-К; Московские учебники и картолитография, Moscow 2003, ISBN 5-8037-0164-5 , p. 40-41 .
  4. ^ Album Academicum of the Riga Polytechnic. 1862-1912 . Janck & Poliewsky, Riga 1912.
  5. ↑ a b c Archive RAN: Брицке Эргард Викторович (accessed on March 19, 2017).
  6. ↑ Брицке Э. В .: Производство суперфосфата . G. Löffler, Riga 1910.
  7. ↑ Вице-президенты Российской академии наук (accessed March 20, 2017).
personal data
SURNAME Britzke, Erhard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Britzke, Erhard Viktorowitsch (full name); Брицке, Эргард Викторович (Russian); Брицке, Эдгард (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Baltic-Russian chemist, metallurgist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH January 20, 1877
PLACE OF BIRTH Riga or Dorpat or Arkadak , Saratov Governorate
DATE OF DEATH September 28, 1953
Place of death Moscow