Lisbon Rossio train station
The Rossio railway station ( port. Estação de Caminhos de Ferro do Rossio [ɯʃtɐsɐu dɯ kɐmiɲuʃ dɯ fɛʁu you ʁusiu ]) is a 1890 Opened railway terminus in the city center of the Portuguese capital, Lisbon, it is located between the homonymous square and the Praça dos Restauradores . Usually only the suburban trains of the state Comboios de Portugal to Sintra ( Linha de Sintra ), which are operated by the subsidiary CP Urbanos de Lisboa , stop at the station every 15 minutes .
history
In 1873 the Royal Portuguese Railway Company ( Companhia Real dos Caminhos de Ferro Portugueses ) opened the Linha de Sintra between Sintra and Pedrouços in northwest Lisbon, but initially there was no direct connection to the city center. The opening of the section of the Linha de Cintura and thus the Alcântara-Terra train station did not help much in solving the problem, at least it was now possible to get to downtown Lisbon more quickly by changing to the tram .
In order to solve this problem of the Linha de Sintra and to build an inner-city train station in Lisbon, the Royal Portuguese Railway Company decided to build a terminus in Lisbon's most important square, Rossio. Construction work on the station building itself began in 1886 and was completed the following year. The architect José Luís Monteiro designed a facade in the Manueline style with two horseshoe-shaped entrances. In the entrance area there is a statue of the Portuguese King Sebastião I designed by Edmond Bartissol . The platform hall is 21 meters high and 130 meters wide at its highest point. The difference in height between street and platform level used to be handled by ramps, now preferably by escalators. However, there was still no connection to the rail network, as the construction work for the inner-city, 2.6-kilometer-long tunnel between Rossio and Campolide had not yet been completed. The original plan was that Rossio could be expanded into a through station. The line was then to be passed through the city center including the junction with the Linha do Norte and Linha de Cascais on Terreiro do Paço , a bridge over the Tejo , Cacilhas and Seixal to Barreiro station, where the Linha do Alentejo begins.
The first test trains through the new tunnel could not run until April 8, 1889, the official opening of the station under the name "Estação da Avenida" ( station of the avenue ) took place on June 11, 1890. The cost of building the station and the tunnel amounted to 730,000 Réis . The Royal Portuguese Railway Company was now able to run trains from Sintra to Rossio. Between 1889 and 1895 the trains of the newly built Linha de Cascais also ran to the Rossio, as the Cais do Sodré station was not completed until 1895. The Rossio station also took over the planned function of a main station, all long-distance trains from Spain and France ended there. He only lost this function with the opening of the Santa Apolónia train station further east
The line to Sintra and with it the infrastructure of the Rossio train station was electrified in 1955. It was also necessary to lower the platforms by between 30 and 50 centimeters. Since 1959 there has been a direct connection between the trains of the Linha de Sintra and the trains of the Lisbon Metro , which stops at the neighboring Metro station Restauradores (blue line). In 1971 the Instituto Português do Património Arquitectónico (German Portuguese Institute for Architectural Monuments) put the station building under monument protection as a "building of public interest".
For a short time - between 1988 and 1991 - long-distance trains stopped again at Rossio station, the CP set up an Intercidades line from Rossio to Leiria. However, this did not meet the expected demand. However, when it was reintroduced in 2002 (and later reinstated in 2005), the trains began at Santa Apolónia station.
In 2004, the National Laboratory for Civil Engineering ( Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil ) found that the tunnel ceiling of the Rossio Tunnel had severe cracks, so that REFER and the Portuguese Ministry of Transport decided to fundamentally renovate the tunnel and the station building. The station and the tunnel have been closed since October 22, 2004, and since then the Linha de Sintra trains have traveled via the Linha de Cintura to the Lisbon-Oriente station and beyond. REFER had initially announced the reopening for 2006. It took place on February 16, 2008.
The statue of Dom Sebastião I on the facade was destroyed in early May 2016 by a man who tried to take a selfie with her.
traffic
Today only suburban trains of the CP Urbanos de Lisboa stop at the station . The Rossio – Sintra train run by the Linha de Sintra line runs every quarter of an hour .
Individual evidence
- ^ Decree 516, November 22, 1971
- ^ A train station, decoupled from the train of time - the Estação do Rossio in Lisbon. In: portugalmania.de. Retrieved November 25, 2012 .
- ↑ Hugh Morris: "Selfie-taker knocks over and smashes 126-year-old statue" telegraph.co.uk, May 9, 2016
literature
- Paulo Veranda: Estação do Rossio , Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, August 2001, ISBN 972-8672-16-0
Web links
- REFER PDF file on Rossio station and the rehabilitation of the tunnel ( Memento of March 8, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) (Portuguese)
- PDF file about the architecture of various Portuguese train stations, including Rossio train station (1.66 MB) (Portuguese)
Coordinates: 38 ° 42 ′ 53.3 " N , 9 ° 8 ′ 31.9" W.