Esteban de la Rama

Esteban de la Rama (alternative spelling: Esteban dela Rama ) was a Filipino general during the Revolution from 1896 to 1898 , businessman and politician of the Nacionalista Party (NP), who was a member of the Senate from 1941 to 1947 .

Life

Philippine Revolution 1896 to 1898

After the revolution in 1899, De la Rama was one of the delegates of the Malolos constitution (Constitución política de Malolos) drawn up in the Cathedral of Malolos

De la Rama was the son of the large landowner of sugar cane plantations, Isidro dela Rama, who served as one of the deputy mayors of Iloilo in 1890 , who was granted town charter on January 31, 1890 by the then Colonial Minister of Spain (Ministro de Ultramar) , Manuel Becerra . He himself completed his school education in the Philippines and abroad. After his father died on June 10, 1897, he took over his shipping company. During the Revolution from 1896 to 1898, he served as a general in the Revolutionary Army. He was temporarily vice-president of the veterans organization Los Veteranos de la Revolución and, with the rank of major general, commander of the 6th Division of the National Volunteers of the Philippine Islands.

On September 15, 1898, de la Rama became one of the delegates for Iloilo at the meeting in the Cathedral of Malolos , at which the so-called Constitution of Malolos (Constitución política de Malolos) was adopted, which changed the constitution of Biak-na-Bato of 1 September 1898 November 1897. Along with Apolinario Mabini and Pedro Paterno , he was one of those people on January 20, 1899 who signed the constitution of Malolos of the First Philippine Republic in Barasoain .

In 1904 de la Rama ran for the office of governor of the province of Negros Occidental , but was defeated by Antonio Ledesma Jayme .

Entrepreneur

The ship named after him, Don Esteban, served as a troop transport for the US armed forces during World War II in the Pacific War

In the following years he was managing director of the family company Hijos de I. de la Rama and represented, among others, the requirement of Sugar Producers of Negros for a reduction of tariffs on a visit of the US Secretary of War and former US governor of the Philippines, William Howard Taft , on the Philippines in August 1905. He stated that because of the high cost of labor and the outdated equipment of the sugar mills, even if tariffs were cut, the US market would not be flooded with Filipino sugar. Actually managed the sugar plantation owners of Negros and Zentralluzon to de la Rama and Jorge Araneta in consultation with the then-governor general of the Philippines, James Francis Smith during the tenure of William Howard Taft, in 1909, a reduction of import duties and, finally, in 1913 , US President a unrestricted access to the US market. In the next few years, the share of local Filipino sugar producers such as de la Rama, Miguel Ossorio and Julio Javellana grew, even though their share of exported sugar was 6.8 percent in 1919, far below the share of foreign plantation owners.

De la Rama later expanded his entrepreneurial activities and became one of the most influential businessmen in the Visayas . During the 5th  legislative period of the Philippine Legislature from 1919 to 1992, on February 22, 1921, Laws 2983 and 3035 granted him permission for a period of 50 years to build electricity and power plants and the associated infrastructure in what is now Iloilo City Install , expand and operate municipalities of Jaro , La Paz and Arevalo . In 1923 he founded the Panay Electric Company (PECO). He was also the founder of the Philippines' first Chamber of Commerce in Iloilo City in 1924 .

To his group of companies De la Rama Central also belonged the steam shipping company De la Rama Steamship Company in Iloilo , which had the ferry rights between Iloilo and Negros since its foundation in 1931 . The De la Rama Steamship Company had the two ships Don Esteban and Don Isidro built by Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft in Kiel in 1939 , which served as troop transports for the US armed forces during the Second World War in the Pacific .

Senator 1941 to 1947

After 1941, the re-introduction of a bicameral system was adopted, was de la Rama, who died by then, in 1944 President Manuel Quezon as the "Great Old Man of the South" (Grand Old Man of the South ') was called in the Senate elections on 11 November 1941, elected Senate candidate for the Nacionalista Party. However, this did not meet after the beginning of the occupation of the Philippines by the Japanese Empire in the Battle of the Philippines after December 8, 1941.

The first Senate meeting took place after the liberation of the Philippines on July 5, 1945. Only 14 of the 24 Senate members took part in this first meeting, as the remaining members had either died ( Daniel Maramba and José Ozámiz ) or had been charged with collaborating with the Japanese occupying forces ( Vicente Madrigal , Quintín B. Paredes , Claro M. Recto , Eulogio A. Rodriguez, Sr. , Prospero E. Sebastian , Emiliano Tria Tirona and José Yulo ). An election period of two, four and six years for the first senators after the end of World War II, originally planned for September 1945 , was abandoned. Rather, the election period of the eight senators Alauya Alonto , Pedro C. Hernaez , Domingo Imperial , Vicente Madrigal, Vicente Rama , Eulogio A. Rodriguez, Sr. , Prospero E. Sebastian and Emiliano Tria Tirona was extended by drawing lots until November 1947, while the remaining 16 senators were elected in the elections of April 23, 1946 for six and three years respectively. He was formally a member of the Senate from January 1, 1942 to May 22, 1947.

Marriages and offspring

De la Rama was married twice, his first marriage since July 1891 to Agueda Benedicto. On December 9, 1913, there was a trial before the Supreme Court of the Philippines and the Supreme Court of the United States for divorce, adultery and maintenance claims of the wife.

From his second marriage to Natividad “Doña Nati” Aguilar, the daughter Lourdes de la Rama (1913–2011) emerged, who was married to Senator Sergio “Serging” Osmeña, Jr. , since 1942, to the later MP, Governor of Cebu , a son of the fourth President Sergio Osmeña . Serging Osmeña also became president of the De La Rama Steamship Company in 1948. Two of the five children of Lourdes de la Rama and Sergio Osmeña, Jr., are also politically active, on the one hand Sergio Osmeña III , who was a senator from 1995 to 2007 and has been since Member of the Senate again in 2010, as well as Tomas Osmeña , who held the office of Mayor of Cebu City from 1988 to 1995 and between 2001 and 2010 and was then a member of the House of Representatives from 2010 to 2013 . Another daughter of Esteban de la Rama, Estefania de la Rama, was married to Enrico Pirovano, who continued the management of the De la Rama Steamship Company as president . Another daughter, Amparo de la Rama, was the first wife of the politician Fausto Felix S. Gonzalez , who from 1938 to 1941 a member of the Commonwealth Congress of the Commonwealth of the Philippines was and where the electoral district Pampanga 2nd District represented.

Web links

• Senate homepage
• Old Man of the South . In: Panay News of October 10, 2015

Individual evidence

1. ↑ 1850-1899: The Bond between Spain and Iloilo ( Memento of the original from April 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the homepage of the Research Center for Iloilo  
2. ↑ Visayas and the fight for Philippine independence on the homepage of the Presidential Museum & Library of the Malacañang Palace
3. ^ Delegates to the Malolos Congress of 1898
4. ↑ Antonio Jayme Y. Ledesma: Iloilo-Born Governor of Negros Occidental ( Memento of the original from April 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the homepage for Graciano López Jaena  
5. ^ Yoshiko Nagano: State and Finance in the Philippines, 1898-1941: The Mismanagement of an American Colony , p. 106, Verlag NUS Press, 2015, ISBN 9-97169-841-2
6. ^ E. Valentine Daniel, Henry Bernstein, Tom Brass: Plantations, Proletarians, and Peasants in Colonial Asia , pp. 117, 123, 135, Psychology Press, 1992, ISBN 0-71463-467-0
7. ↑ Christine Dobbin: Asian Entrepreneurial Minorities: Conjoint Communities in the Making of the World Economy, 1570-1940 , p. 159, Verlag Routledge, 2013, ISBN 1-13610-562-X
8. ^ Yoshiko Nagano: The Philippine National Bank and Lending in Agriculture: 1916-1930 , pp. 18 f., Hitotsubashi University , December 2011
9. ↑ De la Rama Mansion in Sights & Sounds of Iloilo
10. ↑ The Grandeur that was and the Glory that will be: The many firsts of Iloilo (No. 48) on Iloilo's homepage
11. ^ PECO Iloilo History . In: Iloilo Today (10/2014)
12. ^ ^{A b} John Thayer Sidel: Capital, Coercion, and Crime: Bossism in the Philippines , p. 131, Stanford University Press, 1999, ISBN 0-80473-746-0
13. ^ Greg H. Williams: The Liberty Ships of World War II: A Record of the 2,710 Vessels and Their Builders, Operators and Namesakes. With a History of the Jeremiah O'Brien , p. 257, McFarland, 2014, ISBN 1-47661-754-6
14. ↑ The Grandeur that was and the Glory that will be: The many firsts of Iloilo (No. 55) on the homepage of Iloilo
15. ↑ Participants in the first Senate session on July 5, 1945 were: Alauya Alonto , Antonio de las Alas , Melecio Arranz , Nicolas Buendia , Mariano Jesús Cuenco , Ramon J. Fernandez , Carlos P. Garcia , Pedro C. Hernaez , Domingo Imperial , Rafael C. Martinez , Elpidio Quirino , Vicente Rama , Esteban de la Rama, Manuel Roxas and Ramon Torres
16. ^ Diary of Antonio de las Alas (September 1, 1945)
17. ↑ .R. No. L-7476 October 9, 1913 (Divorce Proceedings in the Supreme Court of the Philippines)
18. ↑ 241 US 154 May 1, 1916 (divorce proceedings before the US Supreme Court)
19. ↑ Lourdes dela Rama Osmeña, the Grand Old Lady of the South ( Memento of the original from December 4, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: The Philippine Star of October 14, 2015 
20. ↑ OSMEÑA FAMILY MOURNS: 98-year-old matriarch passes away in Bacolod City . In: Philippine Daily Inquirer of November 7, 2011
21. ↑ Profile of Sergio Osmeña III ( Memento of the original from April 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. in the MoneyPolitics blog on the Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism (PCIJ) homepage  
22. ↑ Senator Osmeña's ma passes away ( Memento of the original from April 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: Visayan Daily Star, November 7, 2011  
23. ↑ GR No. L-21108, November 29, 1966 (Income case before the Supreme Court)
24. ↑ Don Fausto Felix Gonzalez y Sioco (Apalit, Pampanga - Notable Residents)