Franz Xaver Pernlochner

Franz Xaver Pernlochner , also known as Franz Pernlochner II. (* October 22, 1847 in Thaur ; † July 3, 1895 there ), was a Tyrolean painter.

Life

Pernlochner was a son of the carver Franz Pernlochner. He attended secondary school in Innsbruck , received his first artistic lessons from Michael Stolz and studied from 1867 in the class of antiquities at the Munich Academy before Franz Plattner became his teacher.

In 1873 he created murals in the castle chapel in Wechselburg, Saxony, together with Michael Stolz, Felix Schatz and Max Gehri . This was followed by a stay in Rome and, in 1874, a trip to the Holy Land , which inspired him to create his nativity figures and brochures. Max Gehri created a nativity scene based on Pernlochner's work, which later went to the Tyrolean Folk Art Museum in Innsbruck. In turn, under Gehri's influence, artists like Romed Riedmüller, Johann Plank and Johann Demetz developed their nativity scenes and figures.

The Thaurer Schlosskirche, also called Romedikirchl , has an extensive nativity scene, for which Pernlochner painted the background around 1880. As early as 1872/73 he had been in charge of the design of the station path that leads up to this church.

Escape to Egypt

Two paper crib figures, painted with opaque colors on cardboard, which depict the flight to Egypt and are privately owned, were viewed by Josef Ringler as Pernlochner's early work. Paper crib figures were made by numerous artists in Thaur. In his report from 1971, Ringler said : “These nativity scenes of an escape to Egypt, painted on cardboard in opaque colors, date from the mid-19th century and are very reminiscent of painted Thaurer figures. Possibly they are a youth work by the later history painter Franz Pernlochner. “Echoes of the Thaurer church crib and two house cribs by Johann Nepomuk Giner can be seen in these two figures: Joseph walks on foot with a walking stick, travel bundle and shepherd's hat from right to left, Mary with the baby Jesus rides a donkey. The clothes of the figures are designed differently than with Giner; Johannes M. Vilanek assumes that Pernlochner's memories of his trip to the Holy Land were reflected here. B. the long robes of travelers come from. At the back of the cut-out figures are 10 cm long, hand-forged metal rods that are wound with hemp. With this device, the crib figures could be attached to a mountain.

Interior of the Church of the Conception of Mary in Weerberg

Otherwise, Pernlochner mainly created works of religious content. He created murals in the church of Heiligenkreuz. He painted altar leaves for Toblach , Inzing and Madonna di Campiglio . His pictures of the apostles for the parish church of the Conception of Mary in Weerberg date from 1877. They were painted over white in the 1960s, but were exposed again during a later restoration of the church.

In the years 1878 to 1880 he painted a cycle of rosaries for the parish church of Thaur.

In 1885 he decorated the refuge in Hall with frescoes . A portrait of St. Cecilia in the arcade of the Brixen cemetery is also by Pernlochner. Pernlochner's pictures also reached Georgenberg near Schwaz . In 1895, the year he died, he created a votive picture that is in the Hallein cemetery chapel in Salzburg . There are also pictures by Franz Xaver Pernlochner in Hippach .

In the last decade of his life he worked as a carton draftsman for the glass painting company in Innsbruck . Around 3,000 preliminary drawings for glass windows, most of which were intended for America, came from Pernlocher's hand. For example, twenty windows based on Pernlochner's design have been preserved in St. John's Catholic Church in Bangor , Maine . Frans Jozef van Beeck assigned them to the forerunners of Pre-Raphaeliteism and stated: “ This style […] emphasized a quiet, detailed realism in the rendition of the beauty of nature, and quiet, simple dramatism in the representation of persons. "For 1883 a large order came in the windows for the Cathedral of Providence on Rhode Iceland concerned. These were designed by Pernlochner, Alfons Siber and Felix Schatz.

There is a Franz-Pernlochner-Weg in Thaur.

Descendants

Pernlochner had a son named Franz, mostly as Franz Pernlochner III. designated. He lived from 1877 to 1954, studied in Munich and Rome and created around 2000 backgrounds for cribs. The works of this son "do not come close to the mastery of his father, but are full of original ideas, rich in imagination and show care in perspective and execution", is in a report on the restoration of the nativity scene in the anteroom of the former St. Nikolaus hospital church to read in the Weitau near St. Johann in Tirol. Franz Pernlochner III. Son, Franz Pernlochner IV., Was active in this area.

literature

• Josef Ringler: History painter Franz Pernlochner and the nativity scene in Thaur. In: Der Krippenfreund. Announcements from the Association of Crib Friends. Volume 13, No. 41, November 1921.
• Pernlochner, Franz Xaver . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 26 : Olivier – Pieris . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1932, p. 425 .

Web links

Commons : Franz Xaver Pernlochner  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Erich Egg:  Pernlochner, Franz. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 7, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1978, ISBN 3-7001-0187-2 , p. 427 f. (Direct links on p. 427 , p. 428 ).
2. ↑ 02321 Franz Pernlochner . In: Matriculation database - Academy of Fine Arts (ed.): Matriculation book . tape 2: 1841-1882 . Munich ( matrikel.adbk.de , daten.digitale-sammlungen.de ).
3. ↑ So Josef Ringler, at Thieme / Becker a slightly different process of Pernlochner's training is recorded. This lexicon puts the time with Plattner before studying at the academy and a stay in Rome.
4. ↑ The castle church to the hll. Apostles Peter and Paul and St. Romedius on kirchen-fuehrer.info
5. ↑ Das Romedikirchl on chronos-thaur.at
6. ↑ ^{a b} Johannes M. Vilanek: The flight to Egypt from a paper crib by Franz Pernlochner II. (1847–1895). in: The Schlossbichler. 39, December 2013, p. 8 f.
7. ↑ Parish Church of the Virgin Mary on bda.at  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
8. ^ Virginia C. Raguin: John La Farge and the recovery of the sacred . Ed .: Jeffery W. Howe. McMullen Museum of Art, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 2015, ISBN 978-1-892850-24-9 , pp. 94–95 (English, Textarchiv - Internet Archive - With images of the windows “Annunciation” and “St. Paul Arriving in Rome”): “Thus numerous churches in Providence received windows by the Tiroler Glasmalerei Anstalt, most significantly the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul in 1886, the product of the studio's chief designer, Franz Pernlochner (1847-95). [...] Pernlochner designed a complete program of windows for Saint John's Church in Bangor, Maine. "
9. ^ Roxanne Moore Saucier: Glass from the past. Author to discuss windows of St. John's. In: Bangor Daily News. June 11, 1994 ( archive.bangordailynews.com ( Memento of May 17, 2016 in the Internet Archive )).
10. ↑ For the history of the glass painting establishment see Reinhard Rampold: 140 years of Tyrolean glass painting and mosaic establishment (1861–2001) ( members.tirol.com PDF).
11. ↑ Restoration of the Christmas crib in Weitau at museum1.at
12. ↑ History at www.krippenverein-thaur.at ( Memento of the original from May 17, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.