Friedrich Becke (mineralogist)

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Friedrich Becke
(by Isidor Harkányi , Sport & Salon 1922)

Friedrich Johann Karl Becke (born December 31, 1855 in Prague , † June 18, 1931 in Vienna ) was an Austrian mineralogist and petrograph .

Life

Friedrich Johann Karl Becke was born on December 31, 1855 as the son of the bookseller Friedrich Becke in Prague.

In 1874 he began studying mineralogy at the University of Vienna , where he became assistant to Gustav Tschermak in 1878 and completed his habilitation in petrography in the winter of 1880/81. A close friendship connected him with his fellow student Maximilian Schuster , whose younger sister Wilhelmine (Minna, Mina; * December 27, 1859) he married in 1882.

In 1882 he came to the Franz Joseph University of Chernivtsi in Bucovina as an associate professor of mineralogy , where he later became a full professor. In 1890 he moved to the German Karl Ferdinand University in Prague. In 1898 he returned to his old teacher Tschermak at the University of Vienna, where he succeeded Albrecht Schrauf and in 1899 became editor of Tschermak's "Mineralogical and Petrographic Communications". When Tschermak left in 1906, Becke took over the management of his institute, which he headed until 1927. In 1918/19 he was rector of the University of Vienna and ensured its survival in the time of the coup at the end of the First World War . From 1911 to 1929 he was Secretary General of the Austrian Academy of Sciences . He is considered to be the inventor of a determination method for minerals based on their optical properties and the "Beckescherlinie".

Becke was elected a member of the Leopoldina in 1885 and a member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences in 1904 . In 1930 he received the Eduard Sueß commemorative coin . In 1912 he was accepted as a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences . In 1913 he was elected a corresponding member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . Since 1914 he was a corresponding member of the Académie des Sciences and since 1920 of the Prussian Academy of Sciences .

With Friedrich Martin Berwerth he founded the Vienna Mineralogical Society (from 1946 Austrian Mineralogical Society), whose Friedrich Becke Medal is named in his honor.

Bronze relief in the arcade courtyard of the University of Vienna

Named as 1905 Josef Morozewicz the calcium - lanthanum silicate Beckelith "... in honor of Prof. Friedrich Becke in Vienna, whose outstanding scientific achievements are well known in the field of Crystallography and Mineralogy in the widest circles of the followers of our science" .

Beckelith proved to be identical to the 1901 discovered britholite and was established in 2006 by the Commission on new Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) of the International Mineralogical Association discredited (IMA) as a mineral.

It only took three years for a group of mineralogists from the University of Vienna to balance things out. They named the ring silicate from the milarite group that they discovered in the Vulkaneifel in 2009 after the old rector of their university and former head of their institute, Friedrich Becke Friedrichbeckeit .

Becke was buried in the Weidlinger Friedhof near Vienna.

Web links

Commons : Friedrich Becke  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c Walter Fischer: Becke, Friedrich Johann Karl. In: Otto zu Stolberg-Wernigerode: New German biography. Volume 1, 1953, pp. 708-709 ( MDZ / digital library ).
  2. ↑ member entry by Friedrich Becke at the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina , accessed on 7 February 2016th
  3. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 33.
  4. ^ Foreign members of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1724. Friedrich Johann Karl Becke. Russian Academy of Sciences, accessed July 30, 2015 .
  5. ↑ Member entry by Prof. Dr. Friedrich Becke at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , accessed on February 7, 2016.
  6. ^ List of members since 1666: Letter B. Académie des sciences, accessed on September 17, 2019 (French).
  7. ^ Members of the previous academies. Friedrich Johann Karl Becke. Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities , accessed on February 19, 2015 .
  8. ↑ J. Morozewecz (1905): About Beckelith, a cerium lanthano-didymo silicate of calcium. In: Chemaks Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt. 24, pp 120-134, Onlinearchiev .
  9. ↑ JL Jambor, J. Puziewicz: New Mineral Names - Beckelite. In: American Mineralogist. 75, 1990, pp. 431–438 minsocam.org (PDF; 637 kB)
  10. ^ EAJ Burke: A Mass Discreditation Of GQN Minerals. In: The Canadian Mineralogist. 44, 2006, pp. 1557-1560, ima-cnmnc.nrm.se (PDF).
  11. ↑ CL Lengauer, N. Hrauda, ​​U. Kolitsch, R. Krickl, E. Tillmanns (2009): Friedrichbeckeite, K (□ 0.5 Na 0.5 ) 2 (Mg 0.8 Mn 0.1 Fe 0.1 ) 2 (Be 0.6 Mg 0.4 ) 3 [ Si 12 O 30 ], a new milarite-type mineral from the Bellerberg volcano, Eifel area, Germany. In: Mineralogy and Petrology. 96, pp. 221-232, doi: 10.1007 / s00710-009-0050-9 .
  12. ↑ PC Piilionen, G. Poirier, KT Tait: New Mineral Names - Friedrichbeckeite. In: American Mineralogist. 94, 2009, pp. 1495-1501, ( minsocam.org , PDF; 637 kB).
  13. ↑ Weidling parish cemetery book. (PDF) Weidling Parish, December 25, 2018, accessed on March 22, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Becke, Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Becke, Friedrich Johann Karl (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian mineralogist and petrograph
DATE OF BIRTH December 31, 1855
PLACE OF BIRTH Prague
DATE OF DEATH June 18, 1931
Place of death Vienna