Gamshurst
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Gamshurst
City of Achern
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| Height : | 132 (130-133) m |
| Area : | 11.7 km² |
| Residents : | 1718 (December 1, 2013) |
| Population density : | 147 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1973 |
| Postal code : | 77855 |
| Area code : | 07841 |
 Location Gamshursts as a district of Achern
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Gamshurst is a district of the large district town of Achern in the north of the Ortenau district .
Gamshurst is a village within the meaning of Baden-Wuerttemberg Municipal Code , that is, there is one of the voters in each municipal election to be elected Ortschaftsrat with a mayor as chairman. The Gamshurst district includes the village of Gamshurst, the hamlets of Litzloch and Michelbuch and the Ziegelhütte homestead.
Geographical location
Gamshurst is located in the northern district of Ortenau ( Baden-Württemberg ) in the north-western area of the city of Achern . The village is in the immediate vicinity of the motorway junction No. 53 (Achern) of the A5 and only a few kilometers from the Rheinau-Freistett / Gambsheim crossing to France . In total, the district of the village covers 1,170 hectares . The Acher (also called Feldbach) runs through the entire village, which is around 3 km long and has its origins mainly along this small river. Gamshurst also includes the districts of Ziegelhütte in the south, Litzloch in the east and Michelbuch in the north.
history
When exactly Gamshurst was populated is so far unclear - perhaps even before the birth of Christ: Between 1810 and 1885 Gaulish gold coins were found several times in the Gamshurst area. One of them, which can be seen today in the coin cabinet of the Badisches Landesmuseum in Karlsruhe , shows King Philip II (Philippeus) of Macedonia , who ruled from 359 to 336 BC.
The first mention of Gamshurst is a document from which the year 961 emerges. This was not made until the 12th century, but it can be assumed that an original was available as a model. This document is archived in the archives of the départementales du Bas-Rhin in Strasbourg and reports on a gift from the Strasbourg bishop Udo III. to the Strasbourg church, in which he bequeathed several goods, including one in "Gameneshurst", to the cathedral chapter.
An even earlier record goes back to the year 902. This was long accepted as the year of first mention - partly in books from the 19th century. However, this document belongs to the so-called “St. Trudperter forgery complex ”and cannot be used as a historically viable source.
In the period from 1198 to 1217 there was a hospital in Gamshurst “of St. Simon and Jude”, which belonged to the monastery of All Saints .
The name of the village has changed over the centuries: In a papal bull from 1216 the village is mentioned as "Gameshüsh" - later the name was given as "Gamelshurste" or "Gambshurst". Another mention of the village name comes from the year 1332 with the designation "Gameneshurst".
In the founding deed of July 27, 1355, the abbot von Schuttern created a permanent priestly position in Gamshurst - the Nikolauskapelle was also mentioned here for the first time.
With this first local clergyman, the separation from the mother parish of Sasbach was completed: The place was "quite far away and because of the swamps it is difficult to get there," it said in the justification. This was probably the reason why you as a patron of the parish of the Holy St. Nicholas is called upon to aid in water troubles chose.
Records from 1428 indicate that serfdom was abolished in the village that year. The Inquisition did not stop at the village either - on May 27, 1628 a woman was burned alive as a witch .
In July 1675 the French general Turenne and his troops broke the village. The fighters came earlier across the Rhine from what is now Alsace and camped in Gamshurst west of the Acher. The next day, on July 27th, Turenne was killed in Sasbach .
During the Napoleonic period, about 1,200 people lived in Gamshurst and in 1825 there were 1,542 inhabitants.
Apart from the period from 1701 to 1771, Gamshurst originally belonged to the “Imperial Landvogtei Ortenau”, later to the Upper Austrian Landvogtei Ortenau, and was subordinate to the Achern court (in the aforementioned 70 years the Landvogtei was a fiefdom of the Catholic line of the Margraves of Baden ). Due to the Peace Treaty of Pressburg of December 26, 1805, the place then fell to the Electorate and later Grand Duchy of Baden . In 1807 Gamshurst was assigned to the Obervogteiamt Achern and from 1924 belonged to the district of Bühl .
The eventful history of wars and famine years led to 344 Gamshurst residents having to emigrate to Canada , mainly to the Québec area , in 1854 . These citizens were the “local poor” who were sent away by the community - Gamshurst even had to take out a loan to cover the costs of emigration. The crossing took a long time and some never arrived because they died in agony on the way; especially children and women were affected.
At the census on December 1, 1905, the village had 1,229 inhabitants.
After a lightning strike, a large part of the church burned down on May 6, 1926 . The church was rebuilt and expanded at the same time, and from Christmas 1927 services were held in it again. This lightning strike caused the village to found the Gamshurst Volunteer Fire Brigade .
On April 13, 1945, the village was under fire by aerial observers after the attackers believed they could still see German soldiers in the village - a mistake, as they were prisoners. A property in the village burned down in this attack.
On January 1, 1973, Gamshurst was incorporated into the large district town of Achern and has been part of the Ortenau district ever since .
Structural change has changed the village significantly since the 1960s. From handicrafts to industrial companies , Gamshurst offers a total of just over 1,170 jobs (as of August 2008).
The agriculture in the village is now operated largely as a sideline - the beginning of 2006 there was a full-time farmer in the village. The formerly purely rural community has become a neat village with 1,718 inhabitants (as of December 2013).
coat of arms
On the left side of a split shield are three golden bishop's balls on a blue background, the right side shows a black hedge on a silver background on a black tripod. The three golden balls, attributes of St. Nicholas, stand for money and gifts that arms received from the popular saint. Nikolaus von Myra is also the patron saint of the Catholic parish of the village. The thorn hedge alludes to the place name: "Hurst" is interpreted as a hedge or bush . The coat of arms comes from a recommendation of the General State Archives from January 1913 to adopt a historically determined coat of arms symbolizing the place name.
Individual evidence
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 495 .
literature
- Johann Georg Ries: Family book Gamshurst with Litzloch, Michelbuch, Ziegelhütte and the former wooden yard. Lahr-Dinglingen: Interest group Badischer Ortssippenbücher 2007 (= Badische Ortssippenbücher 127), processed period 1650–1950
Web links
- Official website of the municipality of Achern-Gamshurst
- Gamshurst at LEO-BW
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Achern | Fautenbach | Gamshurst | Großweier | Mösbach | Oberachern | Önsbach | Sasbachried | Wagshurst