Gau Swabia

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Gaue of the German Reich 1944

The Gau Schwaben was an administrative unit of the NSDAP , which existed from 1928 to 1945.

History and structure

The territory of the Parteigau was congruent with the Bavarian administrative district of Swabia . There were efforts to expand the Schwaben district to include Upper Swabia in Württemberg (and later Vorarlberg and Ausserfern in Austria ), but this was never implemented.

The Gauleiter was from 1 October 1928 to May 1945 Karl Wahl MdR that within five years 850 NSDAP founded -Ortsgruppen in Gau. Since 1934 election was also President of the Government under the Bavarian Reich Governor Ritter von Epp .

Wahl's Gauppolitik was aimed at maintaining independence from the dominant Gau Munich-Upper Bavaria . An association founded in September 1933 for the promotion and maintenance of Swabian culture under the head of the Gau culture department, Heinz Zwisler from Augsburg, was intended to anchor this in the regional historical awareness. From 1936, the propaganda office under Richard Knussert from Kempten took over this function. Wahl organized the first “ Jewish boycott ” as early as 1931 and pushed ahead with “ Aryanization ”. In 1942 Wahl also became the Reich Defense Commissioner for the Gau.

During the war, the importance of the armaments industry around Augsburg ( MAN , Messerschmitt AG ) increased enormously, and numerous forced laborers were deployed, for which the Gauleiter, Fritz Sauckel's representative, was responsible.

The Gauleitung had its seat in Augsburg . A Gau training castle existed in Blaichach , next to it the Ulrich Graf Castle (for the Dillingen district ) from 1937 in Bachhagel . In February 1931, Wahl founded the National Socialist Neue National-Zeitung Augsburg , whose editor he remained until 1945. In addition, the Gauverlag published other newspapers such as Schwabenland . There were numerous satellite camps of the Dachau concentration camp in the Gau area .

Gauleiter was

Deputy Gauleiter were

literature

  • Walter Ziegler : Bavaria in the Nazi state 1933 to 1945. In: Max Spindler (founder), Alois Schmid (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian history. Volume 4: The new Bavaria. Volume 1: State and Politics. 2nd, completely revised edition, 2003 ISBN 3-406-50451-5 , pp. 499-634.
  • Hermann Rumschöttel / Walter Ziegler (eds.), State and Gaue in the Nazi era. Bayern 1933-1945 (supplements to the magazine for Bavarian regional history B 21), Munich 2004, pp. 507–556.
  • Elke Fröhlich : Introduction to: The Party in the Province. Possibilities and limits of their implementation 1933-1939 . In this. (Mithrsg.): Bavaria in the Nazi era. Vol. I, 1977, pp. 487-526 google books
  • Martina Steber: Ethnic certainties: The order of the regional in Bavarian Swabia from the Empire to the Nazi regime , Göttingen 2011 (esp. P. 321ff) google books online
  • Bernhard Gotto: National Socialist Communal Policy: Administrative Normality and System Stabilization by the Augsburg City Administration 1933-1945 (Studies on Contemporary History, Volume 71), Munich 2006 ISBN 978-3-486-57940-6

Web links

Single receipts

  1. In 1954 he published a justification: ... it is the German heart. Experiences and findings of a former Gauleiter , self-published, Augsburg 1954. A reprint appeared in 1997: Out of love for Germany. 17 years as Hitler's Gauleiter .
  2. Blaichach
  3. Bachhagel
  4. ^ Forum Augsburg