Gau Kurhessen

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Gaue of the German Reich 1944

The Gau Kurhessen was an administrative unit of the NSDAP , which existed from 1934 to 1945. The previous name since 1927 was Gau Hessen-Nassau-Nord .

History and structure

Karl Weinrich was Gauleiter of Hessen-Nassau-Nord with the capital Kassel from the beginning of 1927 . From November 1933 he was a member of the National Socialist Reichstag . Even small things like the economic policy training conference in Melsungen or the farmer's training week in Wabern (Hesse) in 1931, the six Hesse days of the NSDAP, and the redevelopment of the old town in Kassel were touted as the merits of the Gauleiter. The 10-year jubilee was celebrated in Kassel on September 1, 1937.

The Gau Kurhessen included the Prussian Kassel (District President Konrad von Monbart ), which until 1944 the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau was one whose upper president from 1933 to 1943 Philip of Hesse , head of the House of Hesse was. He was followed in 1943 by the Nazi lawyer Ernst Beckmann . The Gauleiter's power grew at the expense of the Prussian authorities. In 1944 he was appointed head president of the new Prussian province of Kurhessen , but this was downsized compared to the former administrative district.

The Gau leadership sat in the Adolf Hitler House in Kassel, Wilhelmshöher Allee 7. A Gauführerschule was set up in 1933 in the Walkemühle rural education center near Melsungen , and two more in Marburg / L. and Weyhers . Regional economic consultant was the industrialist and Kassel Chamber of Commerce President Rudolf Braun , who was heavily involved in the Aryanization . An active initiator of the pogroms against Jews in November 1938 was the Gau propagandist Heinrich Gernand .

In 1940 and 1941 the church hostile Weinrich dissolved important monasteries: the old Frauenberg (Fulda) monastery of the Franciscan order and the Bonifatius monastery (Hünfeld) , which was converted into a Napola . He wanted to give Hitler a monastery-free district for his birthday in 1941.

From September 1939 Weinrich was a member of the Defense Committee of Military District IX. From November 1940 he was also Gau Housing Commissioner and from November 1942 Reich Defense Commissioner in the Gau Kurhessen. Shortly after the air raid on Kassel on October 22, 1943 , which destroyed the entire city center, Weinrich was initially on leave in November 1943 and relieved of his office in 1944. Joseph Goebbels , among others, charged him with failing Kassel's war preparations and during the bombing. His successor was Karl Gerland . Because of his "services" to the party, Weinrich was compensated with a farm and worked as a farmer.

NSDAP districts in 1926, 1928, 1933 (top row), and 1937, 1939, 1943 (bottom row)

Gauleiter of the NSDAP Gau Hesse , founded in 1925, were:

On March 1, 1927, there was a reorganization into the Gaue Hessen ( Offenbach - Darmstadt ), Hessen-Nassau-Nord and Hessen-Nassau-Süd (later Gau Hessen-Nassau ).

Gauleiter of Hessen-Nassau-Nord and Kurhessen (from 1933) were

Deputy Gauleiter were

literature

  • Handbook for the Gau Kurhessen of the NSDAP in the order. Gauleitung Kurhessen, arr. from the Gaupresseamt, Kassel 1934
  • Jörg Kammler and Dietfrid Krause-Vilmar (eds.): Volksgemeinschaft und Volksfeinde, Kassel 1933-1945 , Kassel 1985
  • Stephanie Zibell: Jakob Sprenger (1884-1945). Nazi Gauleiter and Reich Governor in Hesse. Edited by the Hessian Historical Commission Darmstadt and the Historical Commission for Hesse, Darmstadt 1999 ISBN 978-3-88443-073-6
  • Rolf Schmidt: The Gau Kurhessen and its Gau and district leaders in the 3rd Reich , BoD Norderstedt 2013

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Kassel, NSDAP Gauleitung Kurhessen, Adolf Hitler House. Topography of National Socialism in Hesse. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ^ Gauführerschule I in Walkemühle
  3. ^ Marburg, Gauführerschule II. Topography of National Socialism in Hesse. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  4. Weyhers, Gauführerschule III. Topography of National Socialism in Hesse. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).