Gerrit Engelke

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Memorial stone
made from the tower of the former art school
Plaque for the memorial stone

Gerrit Ernst Manilius Engelke (born October 21, 1890 in Hanover , † October 13, 1918 in Etaples near Cambrai , France ) was a German writer and worker poet .

Life

family

His father Louis Emil Engelke (1869–1931), originally a commercial clerk, then owner of a white goods store , emigrated to America in 1904 ; his mother and sister followed him in 1910.

Career

After elementary school , Gerrit Engelke completed his apprenticeship as a painter with a journeyman's examination and from 1909 was employed in various companies. On the side he attended evening courses at the Hanover School of Applied Arts and received two prizes there. The August Kestner Museum bought around 80 watercolors and drawings from him in 1914 .
50 drawings and watercolors from the period from 1907 onwards are kept in the Hanover City Library.

Richard Dehmel , whom he met in 1913, helped him to get his first publications in Paul Zech's magazine Das neue Pathos and passed him on to the workers at House Nyland , who included the Dampforgel und Singstimme in their magazine Quadriga Engelke's text collection . Record rhythms . Engelke became a member of the Werkleuten and, together with Heinrich Lersch and Karl Zielke, wrote the volume of war poetry shoulder to shoulder. Poems by three workers (1916).

In 1915 Lersch offered him to reclaim him for his boiler shop. Engelke refused and was called up for military service. On October 11, 1918, while serving in the German army near Cambrai, he was seriously wounded and taken prisoner of war and died two days later in a British military hospital . He found his final resting place in the military cemetery at Étaples on the French Channel coast.

power

His clearly time-related poetry gives his work a special place within workers' poetry . He captures the mood of the times in a unique way in his lyrical testimonies to the big city and technology. He renounces traditional artistic possibilities and develops new ways of expressing the worlds he has experienced in language. But like the other working-class poets ( Karl Bröger , Heinrich Lersch, Ernst Preczang , Bruno Schönlank ), he also withdrew to politically non-binding positions. It remains speculation whether the early deceased would have developed differently than those named.

Poems from his Rhythm of the New Europe collection were composed by Julius Gatter from Plauen (teacher of Johannes Petzold ) for soprano and tenor solo, mixed choir and orchestra (Opus 50).

Honors

  • The Gerrit-Engelke Street in Hanover, district Vahrenwald-List , List district was named after him.
  • The building of the Gerrit Engelke School on Welfenplatz in Hanover was taken over in 1978 by the Werner von Siemens Realschule Hanover .
  • In memory of the worker poet, the city of Hanover awarded the Gerrit Engelke Prize for Literature every two years between 1979 and 2005 .
  • Streets in Bremen - habenhausen , Dortmund , Gotha , Cologne and Seelze were named after him, among others.

estate

The estate Engelke found

Works

  • Shoulder to shoulder - poems by 3 workers , together with H. Lersch and K. Zielke, Jena (Verlag Bernhard Vopelius) 1916.
  • Rhythm of the New Europe - Poems , ed. from the estate of Jakob Kneip, Jena (Diederichs) 1921.
  • Song of the World - Poems, Diary Pages and Letters , ed. by Walther G. Oschilewski, Berlin (young workers) 1927.
  • Letters of love , (M. Gladbach-Köln, Orplid Verlag, 1926)
  • Legacy , from the estate, ed. by Jakob Kneip, Leipzig (List) 1937.
  • The complete work. Rhythm of the New Europe , with an introduction and ed. by Hermann Blome, Munich (List) 1960, Reprint: Hanover (PostScript) 1979, ISBN 3-922382-02-9 .

Anthologies

  • Poetry of the Expressionist Decade. From the pioneers to the Dada. with an introduction by Gottfried Benn, dtv, Munich 1962.
  • Fritz Hofmann, Joachim Schreck, Manfred Wolter (eds.) With the assistance of Bernd Jentzsch : About the big cities. Poems 1885–1967. Structure, Berlin and Weimar 1968.
  • Wolfgang Rothe (Ed.): German city poetry from naturalism to the present. Reclam, Stuttgart 1973, ISBN 3-15-009448-8 .
  • Günter Heintz (ed.): German worker poetry 1910-1933. Reclam, Stuttgart 1974, ISBN 3-15-009700-2 .

literature

  • Hans Schwerte:  Engelke, Gerrit. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , p. 516 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Hans Hermann Schulz: The worker's national experience in the poetry of Gerrit Engelke, Heinrich Lersch and Karl Bröger . A contribution to the morphology of the problem. Volume 5 of the series: Stadium - Works from the German Department of the University of Berlin , ed. by Franz Koch, Würzburg (Triltsch) 1940.
  • Christoph Rülcker: Ideology of Workers' Poetry 1914–1933. A sociological investigation. Metzler, Stuttgart 1970
  • Alfred Klein: On behalf of your class. Path and achievement of the German working-class writers 1918–1933. Structure, Berlin and Weimar 1972
  • Austrian Society for Cultural Policy (Ed.): Workers' poetry. Analysis - Confessions - Documentation. Hammer, Wuppertal 1973 ISBN 3-87294-041-4
  • Christoph Rülcker: Proletarian poetry without class consciousness. On the claim and structure of social democratic workers' literature 1918–1933. In: Wolfgang Rothe (Ed.): The German literature in the Weimar Republic. Reclam, Stuttgart 1974
  • Fritz-Hüser-Institut (Ed.): Directory of the archive holdings on the working-class poets Paul Zech (1881–1946), Gerrit Engelke (1890–1918) and Max Barthel (1893–1975) as well as an overview of Heinrich Lersch's estate and catalog for Exhibition 'Workers Poets on War and the World of Work'. Fritz Hüser Institute for Literature and Culture in the Working World , Dortmund 1984
  • Günter Helmes : A Don Juan from Jutland. Notes on Gerrit Engelke's fragment of the novel. In: Kurt Morawietz , Karl Riha , Florian Vaßen : Between clouds and city smoke. Why read Engelke? Documentation for the 100 birthday of the Hanoverian poet Gerrit Engelke . Postscript, Hannover 1992 ISBN 3-922382-62-2 pp. 77-97
  • Kurt Morawietz : "Don't worry, death." Gerrit Engelke 1890 - 1918 , Hanover: Postskriptum-Verlagsgesellschaft, 1979, ISBN 978-3-922382-03-4

Web links

Commons : Gerrit Engelke  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Wikiquote: Gerrit Engelke  - Quotes

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Hans Schwerte:  Engelke, Gerrit. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , p. 516 f. ( Digitized version ).
  2. ^ A b Hugo Thielen : Engelke, (2) Gerrit , in: Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 161
  3. ↑ Description at hannover.de  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Accessed on September 2, 2018@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.hannover.de  
  4. ↑ Source: Website of the Werner-von-Siemens Realschule Hanover ( memento of the original from February 20, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.rs-wvs.de
personal data
SURNAME Engelke, Gerrit
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Engelke, Gerrit Ernst Manilius (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German worker poet
DATE OF BIRTH October 21, 1890
PLACE OF BIRTH Hanover
DATE OF DEATH October 13, 1918
Place of death Cambrai , France