Gerta Mikhailovna Nemenova

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Gerta Michailowna Nemenowa ( Russian Герта Михайловна Неменова ; born October 16, 1904 in Berlin , † 1986 in Leningrad ) was a Russian - Soviet painter , illustrator and graphic artist .

Life

Nemenova's father Mikhail Isajewitsch Nemjonow (1880–1950) founded the State Institute for Radiology and Radiology in Petrograd in 1918 together with AF Ioffe and AW Lunatscharski . Nemenova graduated from Labor School No. 10 in 1921 with Alexander Vvedensky .

1922–1923 Nemenova was a member of the Association of New Directions in Art . In 1923 she participated in the 1919–1923 painting exhibition of Petrograd artists of all kinds . 1926–1929 she studied at the Higher Artistic-Technical Institute (Wchutein) with KS Petrow-Wodkin and NI Altman . In 1929 she joined the Association of Artists of the Vchutein Students and took part in its third exhibition in the Russian Museum in 1929. This led to a creative collaboration with WP Janowa and her husband GN Traugott, with AI Rusakow , TI Kuperwasser and ND Emeljanow from this circle. Nemenowa's main focus was oil painting .

Thanks to her father's connections, Nemenova was sent on personal recommendation from AW Lunacharsky 1929-1930 together with the future director of the Tretyakov Gallery Mikhail Nikolajewitsch Kristi for artistic training in Paris . There she studied for 5 months at the Académie Moderne with Fernand Léger , obtaining a master's degree. In 1930 she took part in the exhibition of the Société du Salon d'Automne and that of the Independents . In Paris she met the emigrated artists AN Benois , SW Czechonin and above all NS Gontscharowa and MF Larionow , through whom she became acquainted with Picasso . Larionov in particular had a strong influence.

She returned to the Soviet Union as the only Russian Léger student and married the painter and illustrator Valentin Kurdow in Leningrad in 1930 . In 1932 she joined the Union of Artists of the RSFSR . From 1936 she worked as a graphic artist in the graphic workshop for experimental lithography at the Leningrad Artists' Association . She illustrated Antoine-François Prévost's novel Manon Lescaut and Richard Aldington's True Paradise .

1941 Nemenowa was out of the besieged Leningrad to Kazan evacuated and worked as a stage designer at the local theater . She created the sets for Carlo Goldoni's Servant of Two Masters and for Ostrowski's Burning Heart . In 1944 she returned to Leningrad.

Nemenova met Anna Akhmatova in the 1940s and made a series of portrait sketches from 1957–1965 .

After the war , Nemenova did not exhibit her paintings and only showed them to her friends. In 1961 Nemenova took part in an exhibition at London's Grosvenor Gallery . The focus of her work was now graphics. She created lithography series on various topics. 1972–1979 produced a series of lithographs for Mikhail Bulgakov's unpublished novel The Master and Margarita . Best known are her portraits of Marcel Proust , Kasimir Malewitsch , Boris Pasternak , Nikolai Gogol , Fyodor Dostoevsky , Franz Kafka , Alexander Blok , Alexander Grin , Marcel Marceau , Charlie Chaplin , Dmitri Shostakovich and Boris Tishchenko . Portraits of Léger and Larionow were created based on their earlier sketches. Her works can be found in the New York Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), the St. Petersburg Russian Museum, the Moscow Tretyakov Gallery and other public and private collections in England , France , Germany and the USA .

In the 1970s Nemenova came into contact with the artists and poets of the Leningrad Alternative Culture A. L. Chwostenko , LL Bogdanow , VI Erl , WB Kriwulin , KK Kuzminski and others, who submitted their work to her for criticism.

A retrospective of Nemenova's work took place in St. Petersburg in 1993 in the Anna Akhmatova Museum in a wing of the Sheremetev Palace on the Fontanka (built by Sheremetev's serf architect F. S. Argunov ).

Nemenova's brother Leonid Nemenow (1905–1980) was a physicist and was involved in the construction of the first Soviet hydrogen bomb at IW Kurchatov .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Birth register StA Berlin XII a, No. 2673/1904
  2. ↑ SCAG: NEMENOVA Gerta (1905–1986) (accessed February 17, 2017).
  3. ↑ Aberystwyth University : Gerta Mikhailova Nemenova (accessed February 17, 2017).
  4. ↑ Энциклопедия русского авангарда: Изобразительное искусство. Архитектура. Т. 2: Биографии. Л-Я . RA, Global Expert & Service Team, Moscow 2013.
  5. ↑ Александр Введенский: Гость на коне . Вита Нова, St. Petersburg 2011, p. 432-433 .
  6. ↑ Каталог выставки картин петроградских художников всех направлений. 1918-1923 . Petrograd 1923, p. 37 .
  7. ↑ О-во « Круг Художников ». III- я выставка картин и скульптуры. Ленинград. Русский музей . Круг Художников, 1929, p. 9 .
  8. ↑ Герои ленинградской культуры (Герта Неменова в воспоминаниях В. Г. Траугота, В. Эрля, К. кузом) . St. Petersburg 2005, p. 113 .
  9. ↑ Наталья Гончарова. Михаил Ларионов. Воспоминания современников . Галарт, Moscow 1995.
  10. ↑ Курдов В. И .: Памятные дни и годы . St. Petersburg 1994.
  11. ↑ Аббат Прево: Манон Леско (Рисунки Г. М. Неменовой) . Государственное изд-во Художественная литература, Moscow, Leningrad 1936.
  12. ↑ Олдингтон Р .: Истинный рай (Рисунки Г.Неменовой) . Художественная литература, Leningrad 1939.
  13. ↑ В ста зеркалах. Анна Ахматова в портретах современников . Moscow 2005, p. 154-157 .
  14. ↑ Герта Неменова. Каталог выставки . St. Petersburg 1993.
  15. ^ Anna Akhmatova Museum (accessed February 17, 2017).
personal data
SURNAME Nemenova Gerta Mikhailovna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Неменова, Герта Михайловна (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian-Soviet painter, graphic artist and illustrator
DATE OF BIRTH October 16, 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH 1986
Place of death Leningrad