Gunzen

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Gunzen
Coordinates: 50 ° 21 ′ 18 ″  N , 12 ° 20 ′ 4 ″  E
Height : 583 m
Incorporation : January 1, 1995
Postal code : 08261
Area code : 037422
Gunzen (Saxony)
Gunzen

Location of Gunzen in Saxony
Gunzen (2009)
Gunzen (2009)
Gunzen (around 1905)

Gunzen is a district of Schöneck in the Saxon Vogtland . The place was incorporated on January 1, 1995. The Zwotental settlement with the Zwotental train station of the same name is located in the district of Gunzen .

Geographical location and traffic

The neighboring towns are Wohlbach , Breitenfeld , Zwota and Eschenbach . The village lies in the valley of the Eisenbach, which drains towards the White Elster , and is enclosed on three sides. Gunzen is surrounded by fields and meadows, as well as a rich stock of spruce forest.

In the northeast of 630 hectares comprehensive and lying at an average altitude of 600 m village hall is the settlement Zwotental , which together with the m to 675 situated and 1875 built station Zwotental arose (to 1909 "station Zwota"). In the Zwotental there is a landfill that was operated until the 1990s and has since been recultivated. Zwotental lies on the Zwotawasser, which rises to the west of the town and drains into the Eger as Zwota .

To the north of the village there are the orchid meadows , which are under nature protection, and in the village itself there are three herds of greaves , which were once used to produce pitch for self-sufficiency. The slate hearth at the exit of the village in the direction of Eschenbach is the largest of its kind in the Vogtland.

The Chemnitz – Aue – Adorf railway runs through Gunzen . In addition to the Zwotental train station on Gunzener Flur, the place has had its own stopping point since 1908.

history

founding

Gunzen was founded in the course of the eastern colonization of the Franks around 1200 as a Waldhufendorf together with the neighboring villages and the town of Schöneck .

The village was built near the source of the Eisenbach, from which the name "Gunzen" is likely to be derived, since the latter denotes a source. The Dorfbach also marks the border between the dioceses of Naumburg and Bamberg , so that the residents of the north side are parish to Schöneck , those of the south side to Markneukirchen . Gunzen is mentioned for the first time in a document in 1409 (at that time still written "zu der Guntzen") when Peter von Thoß zu Marieney transferred the Pechtelsgrün desert in the northeast of the village ( called "Bachlitzgrie" in the local dialect ) to the community to use wood . The legend of the founding of the town is also associated with the desert.

The legend of the town's foundation

The tradition among the inhabitants has been preserved from ancient times that Gunzen was once founded on the site of the Pechtelsgrün desert and that the inhabitants were only later relocated to the current location in the area of ​​the mill downstream. The Hussite War is given as the reason for the resettlement .

The saga raises some problems, presumably reality and fantasy have also mixed here.

  • The mill in Gunzen was first mentioned in 1583 when Jobst Jorum was mentioned as a miller. Earlier documents (residents list, Turkish tax list) do not report any mill.
  • Pechtelsgrün was already deserted before the Hussites came to Vogtland.

Perhaps it was so that Pechtelsgrün for economic reasons or z. B. was abandoned during the plague around 1350 and the residents moved to Gunzen. The Pechtelsgrün corridor was then cut to Gunzen, which was then used as a community forest.

15th to 19th century

Gunzen originally belonged to the Plauen office . This connection was not broken when the rule Schöneck / Vogtl. changed hands in Voigtsberger. In 1409 Peter Thoss zu Marieney certified the use of the Pechtelsgrün desert. This asked the Egerer , with the Lord of Plauen in feud were to protect its tenants to Wohlbach and Gunzen. During the Plauen feud in 1477/1478 mercenaries attacked the village, breaking the armistice: 11 horses were stolen, 3 farmers were murdered, one woman was shot through with an arrow and another woman was fatally wounded. In 1496 Peter Thoss zu Marieney sold the village, together with Wohlbach, with all rights to Eberhart Thoss zu Erlbach .

Like most of the surrounding villages, the farmers of Gunzen took part in the Peasants' War in 1525 . In 1548 they asked their sovereign, the burgrave of Meißen , for protection against attacks by their liege lord, the Juncker Joachim Thoss. The Gunzener Mühle was first mentioned in 1583. After the plague broke out in 1599, four maids and servants and the manager Lorentz Rüdell died in the Thossian manor . In 1605, the residents of Gunzen passed an agreement with the Juncker Georg Wolf Thoß on the use of wood, hats, drifts and bird trapping on the Pechtelsgrün desert, as well as on fishing, wild boar, sheep, oat interest and seal money. Since Gunzen was bought by the council of the city of Adorf in 1606 , membership of the Voigtsberg office has been documented. For 7,000 Rhenish guilders, Gunzen bought the former manor of Georg Wolf Thoß from the city council of Adorf in 1609 and converted it back into the three original farm estates. In 1853 the municipality of Gunzen sold the Pechtelsgrün desert, which had been in common use since 1409, to the Saxon state.

Gunzen belonged to the Electoral Saxon or Royal Saxon Office of Voigtsberg until 1856 . After 1856 the place belonged to the Markneukirchen court office and from 1875 to the Oelsnitz administration .

20th century to the present

Gunzen stop (2016)

With the opening of the Chemnitz – Aue – Adorf and Zwotental – Klingenthal railway lines in 1875, the "Zwota station" was built on Gunzener Flur. In 1909 it was renamed " Zwotental station ". On November 1, 1908, Gunzen received its own stop on the Chemnitz – Aue – Adorf railway line. Its wooden waiting hall has been preserved to this day. In 1912 the village was electrified. In the First World War (1914-1918) eight Gunzen residents died.

As a result of the second district reform in the GDR , the municipality of Gunzen became part of the Klingenthal district in the Chemnitz district in 1952 (renamed the Karl-Marx-Stadt district in 1953 ), which was continued as the Saxon district of Klingenthal in 1990 and became part of the Vogtland district in 1996.

Due to the incorporation to Schöneck / Vogtl. the municipality Gunzen with the Zwotental settlement became a district and a locality of the town of Schöneck / Vogtl on May 1, 1995 . On December 8, 2012, the scheduled local rail passenger transport on the Zwotental– Adorf (Vogtl) section was canceled by the responsible Vogtland transport association . Since then there has been no regular train service in Gunzen. Zwotental station is now served by the Vogtlandbahn .

The mill

The mill is located directly on the Eisenbach on the south side of the village and is therefore parish to Markneukirchen. Since the church records do not begin until 1748/49, the exact dates of life for the millers are not known. The Goram family (also spelled Joram) were owners until around 1800. In addition to the grinding process, a cutting process has been proven at least for the 19th century.

  • 1583: Jobst Jorumb
  • 1628: Michel Jhoram
  • 1643, 1664: Michel Goram (also Gorramb, Jhoram)
  • 1678, 1689: Michel Goramb
  • from approx. 1710: Adam Goram (1686–1765)
  • 1759: Adam Goram (1733–1799)
  • around 1860: Christian Gottfried Erdmann Braun
  • Albin Adler (1863–1904)
  • Karl Adler (1890-1915)
  • Anna Adler (1890–1957), widow of Karl Adler, later wife of
  • Ernst Sämann (1881–1969)

The mill log from 1683 gives the following information: “The mill at Guntzen. Lies on a brook, which is only converged and formed by springs in the meadows, has only one passage and peculiarly belongs to the miller Michael Gorram. The courts, however, belong to the council of Adorff. Is Adorfer measure. "(1 Adorfer bushel = 172.02 l)

population

  • Around 1400 11 farms
  • 1496: 11 residents who are obliged to pay a loan are named
  • 1506: Gunzen provides "16 teams" to the office, every whole or half yard provides a crossbow , and every inn a spear .
  • 1542: The Turkish tax list names 17 taxable farms.
  • 1557: 15 farms and a "widow Heusslein"
  • 1583: 46 taxpayers are recorded
  • 1605: 8 farms, 2 hostels and 1 manor (from 3 former farms)
  • 1871: 235 inhabitants
  • 1930: 350 inhabitants in 93 households and 61 inhabited buildings (Gunzen and Zwotental)
  • 1950: 450 inhabitants
  • 1970: 320 inhabitants
  • March 1991: 197 inhabitants (lowest level)

politics

Local judge

The annual figures refer to the previously proven terms of office

  • 1611: Thoma Ficker
  • 1617–1633: Peter Ficker
  • 1643–1652: Paulus Ruthart
  • 1657-1683: Nicol Ficker
  • 1689: Christoph Zimmer
  • 1695–1702: Adam Güter
  • 1703– approx. 1730: Johann Eichhorn
  • before 1762: Johann Männel
  • 1762–1764: Johann Georg Ficker
  • 1769: Johann Adam Männel
  • 1782, 1785: Georg Friedrich Prager
  • 1793: Johann Michael Ficker
  • 1824: Christian Friedrich Ficker
  • 1831, 1834: Christian Friedrich Prager

Mayor and local councils

  • 1854 Weller parish council
  • 1875–1893: Friedrich Gottfried Prager
  • 1893–1920: Emil Paulus
  • 1920-1933: Edwin Stark
  • 1933–1945: Paul Dölling
  • 1945: Paul Nötzold
  • 1945: Fritz Siegel
  • 1946–1955: Walter Marschall
  • 1955–1956: Gottfried Geyer
  • 1956–1960: Horst Dölling
  • 1961–1964: Heinrich Jäger
  • 1964–1984: Erhard Hellinger
  • 1984–1985: Christine Weller
  • 1985-2004: Günther Prinz (until 1994 as mayor)
  • since 2004: Ingo Penzel

Culture

societies

  • Volunteer fire brigade since 1900
  • Military association (together with Wohlbach), until 1933 (?)
  • Pipe Club, 1913 -?
  • Youth club "Lyra", 1889–1932 (?)
  • Men's Choir, 1884–1914
  • Choral Society, 1922 (?) - 1939 (?)
  • Gymnastics Club, 1922–1939
  • Youth club (from 1973)
  • Association "Gunzen 1409 e. V. "

tradition

Kirchweihfest ( "Kirwe") and bonfires ( "broom burning")

Sons and daughters of the place

  • Michael Weller (1633 Gunzen - 1704 Niederklobikau), 1659–1668 substitute, 1668–1704 pastor in Niederklobikau
  • Nicolaus Ficker (born 1632 in Gunzen, died before 1697), schoolmaster in Regnitzlosau
  • Carl Friedrich Prager (1764 Gunzen - 1817 Markneukirchen), from 1794 field preacher of the Albrechtian Dragoon Regiment, from 1798 deacon in Markneukirchen
  • Christian Gottlob Weller (born 1810 Gunzen, died 1884), candidate for school education in Leipzig, studied philosophy, from 1835 high school teacher at the Bernhardinum in Meiningen, author of several Latin textbooks
  • Emil Schuster (1859 Gunzen - 1945 Plauen ), writer, rector in Plauen

literature

  • Günther Zill: The former castle rule Schöneck (Ed. By the author 1999)
  • Emil Schuster: What mine once was - pictures from the paradise of my Vogtland village home , Plauen
  • Emil Schuster: Gunzen in: Contemplative at home. No. 246 of October 21, 1934, Vogtländischer Anzeiger and Tageblatt, Plauen
  • Erich Wild : Gunzen - The little village in front of the forest. Cultural messenger for Klingenthal and the surrounding area 1957
  • Christian Passon: 600 years of Gunzen: Festschrift for the local anniversary in 2009
  • Gunzen. In: The Upper Vogtland (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 26). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1976, pp. 72-74.

Web links

Commons : Gunzen  - collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Gunzen in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wild, Erich: History and People's Life of the Vogtland in Sources from 700 Years, Plauen 1936, p. 70 ff.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Margot Nürnberger: Contribution to the local history of Gunzen. In: Heimatbote for Klingenthal and the surrounding area.
  3. ↑ Wild (Kulturbote), p. 3.
  4. ↑ Death register 1599.
  5. ↑ Gunzen in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  6. ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 74 f.
  7. ↑ The Oelsnitz District Administration in the municipal directory 1900
  8. ↑ Gunzen on gov.genealogy.net
  9. ↑ Land tax register
  10. ^ Church book Schöneck
  11. ↑ Markneukirchen church book
  12. ↑ Information sheet for the municipality of Gunzen
  13. ^ Messages from the Association for Vogtland History, Folklore and Regional Studies Plauen 1935–1937.
  14. ↑ Wild, Erich: Gunzen - das Dörflein vorm Walde, in: Kulturbote für Klingenthal und Umgebung, p. 1.
  15. ↑ Wild (1936), p. 44 ff.
  16. ↑ Plauen official inheritance book 1506, communications from the Plauen antiquity association.
  17. ↑ Wild (1936), pp. 70 ff.
  18. ↑ Notes of the teacher JG Hertel (1886) In: Markneukirchener Zeitung from August 1, 2003.
  19. ^ Address book of the Upper Vogtland 1930.