chicken soup
Chicken soup is a soup made by boiling chicken parts in water with the addition of various vegetables and spices . The classic chicken soup consists of a clear soup with small pieces of chicken and / or vegetables in it. Variants are soup with noodles , dumplings or rice, as well as oats . Chicken soup has a reputation for being a home remedy for colds . Chicken soup is a classic food for the convalescent .
terminology
- Chicken broth is a reduced version of the soup. Chicken parts such as feet, necks or bones are also used for the production - this results in a higher gelatin content , which is why the stock is ideal for thickening sauces.
- Chicken bouillon is the liquid part of chicken soup. They are also available as bouillon cubes . Strong bouillon can be used as a substitute for broth.
- Chicken consommé is a clarified chicken stock. Usually it is completely clear and is reduced to enhance the flavor of the bouillon.
Healing effect
Chicken soup was used by the ancient Egyptians as a remedy for colds. In the 10th century, the Persian doctor Avicenna described the positive effects of chicken soup in his works. In the 12th century, the Jewish scholar Maimonides wrote that chicken soup was "good for restoring disturbed humor" (in the sense of body juices ) and recommended it as a sick food, especially for people with hemorrhoids and those with early stages of leprosy .
There is cautious evidence in modern research that chicken soup may have an impact on the body's inflammatory response. In a laboratory experiment, chicken soup diluted onto certain white blood cells was given, which then showed an altered activity. This could indicate a positive, anti-inflammatory influence on the course of the disease in the case of colds. It is unknown which ingredients of the soup cause this reaction. The experiment described was carried out in a test tube on isolated cells ( in vitro experiment ) so that the effects observed do not allow conclusions to be drawn about the actual processes in the body. Whether chicken soup actually helps with colds has therefore not been scientifically clarified.
Sipping hot soup also helps degumming (decongestant effect on mucous membranes ). Finally, a placebo effect can also be assumed.
International variants
Ashkenazi Judaism
Chicken soup is part of Ashkenazi Jewish cuisine. It is called in Yiddish as Goldene Jouch or Goldene Joich (golden broth), in the USA also called Jewish Penicillin (Jewish penicillin) and is especially eaten on the Sabbath and on public holidays. Traditional spices are dill and parsley . Lokschen (flat egg noodles), Farfel , Mandelach , Knaidlech are added to the soup .
Belgium
Waterzooi (water soup) is a stew with chicken, vegetables and cream from the Ghent area .
Brazil
Canja is cooked with white rice, carrots and shredded chicken and seasoned with salt, grated onion and garlic, as well as some cumin and bay leaves .
China
Many East Asian soups are based on chicken stock. Typical spices are: ginger , spring onion , garlic, soy sauce , rice wine and sesame oil .
Germany
Here, chicken soup is often served with herbs and pasta made from durum wheat semolina . Chicken stew is also common .
France
Typical ingredients in French chicken soup are bay leaves, fresh thyme , dry white wine and garlic.
Greece
The Greek variant of chicken soup, kotosoupa , is cooked with rice , olive oil , onions and an egg (avgolemono) beaten with lemon juice.
Indonesia
Soto ayam is an Indonesian chicken soup with spices
Italy
In Italy, chicken soup is often served with pasta, for example as cappellini in brodo or tortellini in brodo .
Colombia
A Colombian specialty is the Ajiaco de Bogotá or Ajiaco Santafereño . It is a hearty soup that consists of three different types of potatoes, chicken and young corn on the cob and is seasoned with French cabbage ( guasca ). The soup is served with capers and fresh cream and eaten with avocado and rice.
Another popular soup is the Sancocho de Gallina , which is cooked with a soup chicken and sliced cassava , unripe plantains, arakacha and potatoes. Onions, garlic, ground cumin , saffron and fresh coriander are used for seasoning .
Korea
Samgyetang is Korean chicken soup, with Korean ginseng , jujube , garlic, ginger and short grain rice. Here, chicken soup is viewed as a disease prevention.
Eastern Europe
In Bulgaria, chicken soup is often seasoned with lemon juice or vinegar . In Poland, grated almonds are added to the soup, which is possibly the origin of the East Jewish soup dish called Mandelach .
Peru
The typical caldo de gallina is prepared with long pasta, yellow or white potatoes, a little fresh ginger , celery and spring onions and each served with a boiled egg on the plate. Everyone can add fresh lime juice and chilli to their taste.
Philippines
Tinolang manok is a Filipino chicken soup with the same well-known ingredients as in Germany. Malungay leaves , pepper leaves , are also used for sharpening . The soup is traditionally served with boiled rice.
Scotland
The cock-a-leekie is a traditional soup that has been documented in writing since 1598. It is prepared with leeks and prunes . The feather fowlie is another chicken soup that is served with cream, ham, and a cracked egg.
preparation
The flavor of the soup is strongest when the chicken is cooked in salted water with vegetables like onions, carrots, leeks, and celery . If you want more vegetable flavor, you can also add parsnips , parsley, zucchini , sweet potatoes , whole garlic bulbs or tomatoes .
The soup is brought to a boil in a large saucepan and then simmered on a low flame for one to three hours. Black pepper and fresh parsley serve to taste as needed. As you can all soups by skimming the scum reached during the first cooking phase, a clarification. Saffron or turmeric give the soup a bright yellow color.
If you let the soup cool down, you can make a less fatty version by skimming off the fat that has hardened on the surface. The longer you let the soup simmer, the higher the amount of calcium released from the bones , but only if the soup is acidic. Adding turkey meat increases the iron content of the soup.
Literary references
The British playwright Arnold Wesker set the chicken soup a literary monument in a play, the so-called " kitchen sink drama " Chicken Soup with Barley (chicken soup with pearl barley).
literature
- Tom Dieck: Pottkieker. 50 classic north German dishes with a history . Koehler, Hamburg 2013, ISBN 978-3-7822-1079-9 , pp. 16-17 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Barbara O. Rennard, Ronald F. Ertl, Gail L. Gossman, Richard A. Robbins, Stephen I. Rennard: Chicken Soup Inhibits Neutrophil Chemotaxis In Vitro . In: Chest . Vol. 118, No. 4 , October 2000, ISSN 0012-3692 , p. 1150-7 , doi : 10.1378 / chest.118.4.1150 ( chestjournal.org ).
- ↑ a b Chicken soup: home remedies for a cold? at www.medizin-transparent.at , accessed on March 7, 2016.
- ↑ Rosen HN, Salemme H, Zeind AJ, Moses AC, Shapiro A, Greenspan SL .: Chicken soup revisited: calcium content of soup increases with duration of cooking. In: Calcif Tissue Int . Vol. 54, No. 6 , 1994, pp. 486-8 , doi : 10.1007 / BF00334329 .