Hans Stubbe

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Hans Stubbe (1984)

Hans Karl Oskar Stubbe (born March 7, 1902 in Berlin ; † May 14, 1989 in Zingst ) was a German agricultural scientist , geneticist and breeding researcher . From 1945 to 1969 he was the founding director of the Institute for Crop Plant Research in Gatersleben , which as an academy institute belonged to the research association of the Academy of Sciences of the GDR . In addition, Stubbe was professor and director of the Institute for Genetics at the University of Halle-Wittenberg from 1946 to 1967 and the first president of the German Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Berlin from 1951 to 1967 . Because of his work he was considered one of the most renowned geneticists in the German Democratic Republic (GDR).

Life

Hans Stubbe was born in Berlin in 1902 as the son of a school inspector and initially completed an agricultural apprenticeship after school before studying agriculture and biology at the University of Göttingen and the Agricultural University of Berlin from 1925 to 1929 . After working as a volunteer assistant at Erwin Baur at the Institute of Genetics in Berlin, he was in 1929 at the Berlin Agricultural University with a thesis on the experimental induction of mutations doctorate . He then worked from 1929 to 1936 as a department head at the newly founded Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Breeding Research in Müncheberg . Due to the accusation of "political unreliability" by employees of the Müncheberg Institute with a Nazi attitude and a corresponding disciplinary measure, he was initially on leave together with his colleagues Hermann Kuckuck and Rudolf Schick and dismissed without notice a few months later. He then worked as a research assistant with Fritz von Wettstein at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Biology in Berlin-Dahlem until 1943, and during this time he completed his habilitation at the University of Berlin in 1940 . He then took over the development and management of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Crop Plant Research in Vienna-Tuttenhof . At this institute, in addition to civil research on cultivated plants , military-relevant projects were carried out to render agricultural land unusable by using weeds .

After the end of the Second World War , Stubbe became director of the Institute for Crop Plant Research in Gatersleben in 1945 , which initially belonged to the University of Halle-Wittenberg and from 1948 to the Research Association of the German Academy of Sciences in Berlin, from which the Academy of Sciences of the GDR emerged . From the institute, the Central Institute for Genetics and Crop Plant Research emerged in 1969, and after German reunification the Leibniz Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research . In addition, in 1946 he became full professor for agricultural genetics and formally director of the Institute for Genetics at the University of Halle-Wittenberg, which, however, was not founded until the end of its university activities. In 1947/1948 he was also the founding dean of their agricultural faculty. Upon reaching the age of 65, he retired as a university professor in 1967 , and in January 1969 he retired from the management of the Academy Institute in Gatersleben. His successor as director in Gatersleben was his student Helmut Böhme . He lived in Zingst since the mid-1970s . He died there in 1989.

Scientific and political work

Hans Stubbe's research focused on mutation and evolution research as well as hybrid breeding . In the 1950s, together with his colleagues at the Gatersleben Institute, he refuted the scientifically untenable views of the Soviet biologist Trofim Denissowitsch Lyssenko on the inheritance of acquired traits through experimental work , thereby helping to ensure that genetic research was still possible in the academy institutes in the GDR. In this way it was possible to prevent Lyssenkoism in the GDR from leading to similarly serious personnel, material and economic consequences as well as a standstill in biological science as in the Soviet Union.

Hans Stubbe worked from 1946 to 1976 as chief editor of the specialist journal Biologisches Zentralblatt and was editor of the book series Genetics: Basics, Results and Problems in Individual Representations by Gustav Fischer Verlag Jena. He also initiated the establishment of the Working Group for Hunting and Game Research at the Academy of Agricultural Sciences, which he took over as head, and was on the board of the GDR Research Council . From 1963 to 1986 Stubbe, who did not belong to the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED), was a member of the People's Chamber for the Kulturbund of the GDR .

Awards

Bust stubbes

Hans Stubbe was appointed a full member of the German Academy of Sciences in Berlin in 1949, from which he was awarded the Helmholtz Medal in 1975 . In 1950 he became a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina and the Saxon Academy of Sciences . In addition, he was a founding member from 1951 and from 1951 to 1967 President of the German Academy of Agricultural Sciences, which awarded him the Erwin Baur Medal in 1963 and made him Honorary President in 1968. In 1949 and 1960 he received the National Prize of the GDR , in 1954 and 1961 he was awarded the Patriotic Order of Merit. In 1959 he received the Darwin badge . He was a member of various scientific academies in Germany and abroad and received honorary doctorates from the universities of Jena , Brno , Krakow , Berlin and Halle . The community of Zingst , in which there was a branch of the Gatersleben Institute and in which he owned a house as a second and later as a retirement home, made him an honorary citizen in 1969 .

In the foyer of the agricultural faculty of the Humboldt University in Berlin there is a bronze bust in his honor, made by an unknown artist.

Major works

  • About the selection value of mutants. Series: Meeting reports of the German Academy of Sciences in Berlin. Berlin 1950
  • Genetic and cytogenetic dictionary. Berlin, Göttingen and Heidelberg 1954 (as editor)
  • The meaning and importance of crop research. Berlin 1957
  • Brief history of genetics up to the rediscovery of Gregor Mendel's rules of inheritance. Jena 1963 (second edition ibid. 1965); English edition of the second German edition: History of Genetics from Prehistoric Times to the Rediscovery of Mendel's Laws. Cambridge and London 1972
  • Genetics and cytology of Antirrhinum L. sect. Antirrhinum. Jena 1966.
  • The Institute for Crop Plant Research Gatersleben (tasks, results, problems) 1943-1968. In: The cultivated plant. Supplement 6 (1970), pp. 29-52
  • Book of Hege. Two volumes. Berlin 1973; fourth extended license edition, Frankfurt / Main 1989 (as editor)
  • History of the Institute for Crop Plant Research Gatersleben of the German Academy of Sciences in Berlin 1943−1968. Series: Studies on the history of the Academy of Sciences of the GDR. Volume 10. Berlin 1982

literature

  • Siegfried Kuntsche:  Stubbe, Hans . In: Who was who in the GDR? 5th edition. Volume 2. Ch. Links, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-86153-561-4 .
  • Stubbe, Hans . In: Werner Hartkopf:The Berlin Academy of Sciences. Its members and award winners 1700–1990. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1992,ISBN 3-05-002153-5, p. 352 f.
  • Hans Stubbe - 80 years. Ceremonial colloquium of the Academy of Sciences and the Academy of Agricultural Sciences of the GDR on the occasion of the 80th birthday of Prof. Dr. Dr. hc Hans Stubbe on March 9, 1982 in Berlin. Conference report of the Academy of Agricultural Sciences of the GDR. No. 206. 1982, pp. 1–16 and 65–67 (with picture)
  • Memorial event for Hans Stubbe at the Central Institute for Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben on October 11, 1989. With contributions by D. Mettin, H. Dathe and H. Böhm. In: The cultivated plant. 38/1990. P. 1–36 (with picture).
  • Edda Käding: Commitment and responsibility. Hans Stubbe, geneticist and breeding researcher. A biography. Series: ZALF report. No. 36. Published by the Center for Agricultural Landscape and Land Use Research (ZALF) eV, Müncheberg 1999, (with bibliography)
  • Gerhard Röbbelen: Hans Stubbe, geneticist and breeding researcher. In: Biographical lexicon on the history of plant breeding. 2nd episode. Series: Lectures on Plant Breeding. Issue 55. Edited by Gerhard Röbbelen on behalf of the Society for Plant Breeding, Göttingen 2002, p. 317-320 (with picture and selected bibliography)
  • Gatersleben and the GDR's understanding of science. In: Georg Hartmut Altenmüller, Klaus Liesen: Between turn and flood. Georg Olms Verlag, Hildesheim 2003, ISBN 3-48-711818-1 , pp. 81-98
  • Susanne Heim (Ed.): Autarky and eastward expansion. Plant breeding and agricultural research during National Socialism. Series: History of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society in National Socialism. Volume 2. Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 2002, ISBN 3-89-244496-X

Web links

Commons : Hans Stubbe  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Weed seeds as the last fighting reserve? In: Erhard Geißler : Biological weapons - not in Hitler's arsenals. Biological and toxin weapons in Germany from 1915 to 1945. Series: Studies on peace research. Volume 13. LIT-Verlag, Münster 1999, ISBN 3-82-582955-3 , pp. 619-638
  2. ↑ Hans Stubbe's CV at www.ev-kirche-zingst.de
  3. ^ Member entry by Hans Stubbe at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on October 22, 2015.
  4. ^ Members of the SAW: Hans Stubbe. Saxon Academy of Sciences, accessed December 6, 2016 .
personal data
SURNAME Stubbe, Hans
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Stubbe, Hans Karl Oskar (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German agricultural scientist, geneticist, breeding researcher, MdV (Kulturbund)
DATE OF BIRTH March 7, 1902
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH May 14, 1989
Place of death Zingst