Harald Kaufmann
Harald Kaufmann (born October 1, 1927 in Feldbach , Styria , † July 9, 1970 in Graz ) was an Austrian music researcher .
Life
Harald Kaufmann studied philosophy in Graz with the Alexius Meinong student Ferdinand Weinhandl and musicology with Hellmut Federhofer . In the 1950s and 1960s, Kaufmann applied Weinhandl's method of gestalt analysis to the analysis of music. In this respect, Kaufmann belongs to the Graz School of Gestalt Theory in a broader sense ; in his critical impetus, "in diction and dialectical consistency", however, he was strongly influenced by Karl Kraus from an early age . Kaufmann also completed a second degree (law) in 1953 with a doctorate. From 1947 he worked as a music critic and from 1961 as the cultural editor of the socialist daily newspaper Neue Zeit . Kaufmann worked as a publicist in Austrian, German and Swedish newspapers, for Austrian radio and for German radio stations (including WDR , NDR , Bayerischer Rundfunk , RIAS Berlin ) and regularly wrote series of programs .
Services
In the months after the end of the Second World War, Kaufmann participated in the reconstruction of the Austrian Urania for Styria. As part of the Volksbildungswerk, he gave hundreds of lectures on music in the 1940s and 1950s with a focus on the Viennese School ( Arnold Schönberg , Alban Berg , Anton Webern ) and the avant-garde. In 1946 Kaufmann founded the Graz University Studio together with Ulrich Baumgartner, Hellmuth Himmel and Heinz Gerstinger as a clearly progressive theater group. In November 1947, Kaufmann's one-act play Vittoria Colonna , directed by Heinz Gerstinger, premiered as a college studio production . The piece is a dramatized version of the novella The Temptation of Pescara by Conrad Ferdinand Meyer . Other plays: Don Juan with Obstacles , Symposium and The Book of Job .
Kaufmann wrote several opera libretti: for Waldemar Bloch he arranged Stella based on Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (premiere on July 5, 1951 in Graz), for Rudolf Weishappel he reworked Elga based on Gerhart Hauptmann into operatic material (first broadcast November 12, 1952, ORF; staged premiere January 28, 1967, Landestheater Linz) and adapted König Nicolo or So ist das Leben after Frank Wedekind (staged premiere 1972, Volksoper Vienna). Later, Kaufmann distanced himself from this work as "youthful sins".
In the 1950s, Kaufmann dealt intensively with the Jewish culture in Austria, which was exterminated by the National Socialists. For more than ten years he worked on a book that was to be titled Geist aus dem Ghetto , which remained unpublished. The roughly 250-page manuscript is divided into four parts: the first section ( The Material ) provides a historical outline, the second part ( The Chronicle ) looks at a professional group (doctors, cantors, lawyers, musicians, writers, journalists, etc.) orderly listing of Jewish intellectuals in Vienna up to the exodus by the Nazis. In the third section ( The Analysis ), Kaufmann discusses scientific ideas and socio-political theories (including psychoanalysis, dream interpretation, Zionism) that arose in Vienna around 1900 or found their expression. For the fourth part ( exceptional situations ), Kaufmann planned to attempt “to grasp the subject of the Jewish through Jewish self-analyzes”.
In 1958 and 1961, Kaufmann headed the Music Working Group as part of the European Forum Alpbach . At the main working conference of the Institute for New Music and Music Education in Darmstadt in April 1965, Kaufmann gave lectures on the music of Schönberg and Webern, which received great attention in musicology circles.
In 1967 Kaufmann founded the Institute for Valuation Research (now: Institute for Music Aesthetics ) at the Graz Music Academy (now: University of Music and Performing Arts Graz ) as a member of the board . At the same time, Vera Schwarz set up an institute for work practice there. "Universalistic in their interests, interdisciplinary in their way of working, dialogical in their intellectual style, contextualizing in access to cultural phenomena, moved by inadequacies or even mistrust of the existing music business, both Schwarz and Kaufmann developed under the titles of 'performance practice' and 'valuation research'. forward-looking programs in which science and art were related. "
Since 1968 Kaufmann published the studies on valuation research , for the first two volumes he a. a. Theodor W. Adorno as an author. Over the years, along with some personal contacts, there was an exchange of ideas between Adorno and Kaufmann. Kaufmann was also the closest friend of the composer György Ligeti after his emigration from Hungary and devoted the first significant analyzes and interpretations to his work. On June 1, 1970, Kaufmann was diagnosed with septic pleuropneumonia . On June 29, 1970, by resolution of the Federal President of the Republic of Austria, Franz Jonas , he was appointed full professor. Kaufmann died on July 9, 1970 at the age of 42 in Graz.
aftermath
The first symposium on the life and work of Harald Kaufmann was organized by Andreas Dorschel (Institute for Music Aesthetics at the University of Music and Performing Arts Graz ) and Petra Ernst and Gerald Lamprecht ( Center for Jewish Studies at the Karl-Franzens University Graz ) on the 20th and October 21, 2010 at the University of Music and Performing Arts Graz.
The Harald Kaufmann Archive was set up in 1995 at the Akademie der Künste (Berlin) . The extensive estate includes: manuscripts and preparatory work, among other things, for the dissertation methods of philosophical interpretation , for the books Spurlinien and Finger Exercises , for lectures and for the unpublished study Geist aus dem Ghetto: On Jewish culture in the Danube Monarchy, printed copies of reviews, feature articles and introductions to works, manuscripts of literary works and libretti, analysis sketches, notebooks; Correspondence with Theodor W. Adorno , Hans Erich Apostel , Helene Berg , Alfred Brendel , Francis Burt, Friedrich Cerha , Luigi Dallapiccola , Johann Nepomuk David , Ulrich Dibelius , Herbert Eimert , Josef Häusler, Ernst Krenek , Rolf Liebermann , György Ligeti , Frank Martin , Josef Polnauer, Willi Reich, Rudolf Stephan , Heinrich Strobel , Hans Heinz Stuckenschmidt , Hans Swarowsky , Wieland Wagner and Hans Weigel as well as with numerous institutions; also biographical documents and photos.
In 2018 the Harald Kaufmann Prize for Journalism was awarded for the first time, initiated by the Karl Franzens University of Graz and the University of Music and Performing Arts Graz for "outstanding publications in the field of research in the humanities, social and cultural sciences as well as in the Developing and opening up the arts ". Awards were made in a total of four categories: Barbara Bach-Hönig, Claudia Döffinger , Veronika Muchitsch as well as Susanne Scholz and Michael Hell.
Works
- Methods of philosophical interpretation. Dissertation . Graz 1948.
- New music in Styria. Graz 1957.
- Hans Erich Apostle. Lafite, Vienna 1965.
- A bourgeois music society. 150 years of the Musikverein for Styria. Graz 1965.
- Studies on Valuation Research 1: Symposium for Music Criticism. Edited by Harald Kaufmann, Graz 1968
- Studies on valuation research 2nd ed. By Harald Kaufmann, Graz 1969.
- Track lines. Analytical essays on language and music. Lafite, Vienna 1969.
- Finger exercises. Music Society and Valuation Research. Lafite, Vienna 1970.
- From inside and outside. Writings on music, musical life and aesthetics. Ed. V. Werner Grünzweig and Gottfried Krieger. Wolke, Hofheim 1993, ISBN 3-923997-52-3 .
- Musical travel images. Ed. V. Werner Grünzweig and Gottfried Krieger. Universal Edition, Vienna-London-New York 2015, ISBN 978-3-7024-7373-0 .
literature
- Andreas Dorschel, Vera Schwarz and Harald Kaufmann: New musical thinking in the early years of the Second Republic , in Ingeborg Harer / Gudrun Rottensteiner (ed.), Science and Practice - Old and New (Graz: Leykam, 2017) (New contributions to performance practice 8 ), Pp. 29-37
- Heidy Zimmermann: Musical mouthpieces. Harald Kaufmann and Ove Nordwall in dialogue with György Ligeti. In: Studia Musicologica 57, 1–2 / 2016, pp. 161–185
- Gerald Lamprecht: Writing and researching Jewish history in Austria after the Shoah. In: transversal . Journal (of the Center) for Jewish Studies (at the University of Graz ). 13th volume, 1/2012, pp. 59–70. (Focus issue HK)
- Petra Ernst: Harald Kaufmann's project “Geist aus dem Ghetto” as reflected in cultural studies research - an approximation. In: transversal. Journal of Jewish Studies. 13th volume, 1/2012, pp. 42–57.
- Heidy Zimmermann: "You can't believe how few goyim there are". Harald Kaufmann's attempt at cultural history in the light of contemporary discourses. In: transversal. Journal of Jewish Studies. 13th volume, 1/2012, pp. 27–41.
- Gottfried Krieger: "Ghost from the Ghetto - On Jewish intellectual Vienna at the turn of the century". An unpublished book project by the Austrian philosopher and music researcher Harald Kaufmann. In: transversal. Journal of Jewish Studies. 13th year, 1/2012, pp. 7–26.
- Federico Celestini : Structure in Schönberg, figure in Webern: Harald Kaufmann's polemical analysis. In: Music and Aesthetics. Issue 63, 2012, pp. 43–54.
- Gottfried Krieger: A pioneer of music journalism in Austria. On the life and work of Harald Kaufmann (1927–1970). In: Austrian music magazine . 65th vol., No. 7-8, 2010, pp. 4-12.
- Harald Haslmayr: Another attempt on the Austrian in music. In: Austrian music magazine . 65th vol., No. 7-8, 2010, pp. 13-22.
- Werner Grünzweig, Gottfried Krieger: Values as science: the lines of a concept. The Graz music researcher Harald Kaufmann (1927–1970). In: Karl Acham (ed.): Art and humanities from Graz. Böhlau, Vienna 2009, pp. 609–623.
- Gottfried Krieger: Genius from the ghetto. The unpublished work diaries of the Austrian music researcher Harald Kaufmann. In: Gottfried Krieger, Matthias Spindler (ed.): Music as a life program. Festschrift for Constantin Floros on his 70th birthday. Peter Lang, Frankfurt 2000, pp. 239–248.
- Werner Grünzweig: From Belief in the Nonnegative or: The Optimism of a Time. In: W. Grünzweig, G. Krieger (Ed.): From inside and outside. Wolke, Hofheim 1993, pp. 308-318.
- Gottfried Krieger: Experience - Analyze - Criticize. On the relationship between practice and theory at Harald Kaufmann. In: W. Grünzweig, G. Krieger (Ed.): From inside and outside. Wolke, Hofheim 1993, pp. 9-14.
Web links
- Literature by and about Harald Kaufmann in the catalog of the German National Library
- Harald Kaufmann website
- Harald Kaufmann archive in the archive of the Academy of Arts, Berlin
- Online: (PDF; 197 kB) Gottfried Krieger: popular educator and philosopher, critic and critical mind. On the life and work of the Austrian music researcher Harald Kaufmann. Revised Lecture at the Harald Kaufmann Symposium on October 20, 2010 in Graz
- Lecture (PDF; 64 kB) by Bertl Mütter : Harald Kaufmann and György Ligeti . A case study on the relationship between science and art. (ibid.)
- Harald Kaufmann Prize
Individual evidence
- ↑ Weinhandl also suggested Kaufmann for his dissertation Methods of Philosophical Interpretation , Graz 1948.
- ↑ In contrast to Heinrich Schenker's approach, which was restricted to tonal music , Kaufmann applied gestalt analytical methods to the analysis of compositions from the 1950s and 1960s. A successful example of this is Kaufmann's analysis of Atmosphères by György Ligeti: Structure in the structureless, in: Harald Kaufmann Spurlinien. Analytical essays on language and music , Vienna 1969, pp. 107–117. The volume also contains the critical contribution to Schenker: Progress and reaction in Heinrich Schenker's theory of analysis. Pp. 37-46. On the reception of Heinrich Schenker's writings and ideas in Graz, see also: Thomas Wozonig, Hellmut Federhofer's early Schenker reception , in: Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Musiktheorie, 15/1 (2018).
- ↑ According to the study book (Harald Kaufmann Archive Berlin, Sig. 84), from the summer semester 1945 to the summer semester 1948, Kaufmann studied philosophy as a major and musicology as a minor. Attendance of lectures, seminars and exercises given by Ferdinand Weinhandl is only registered in the summer semester of 1946. Weinhandl, a member of the NSDAP since 1933, emerged as a supporter of National Socialism, especially during his time in Kiel (until 1942). Because of his confessional ties, he came more and more into conflict with the injustice regime and has distanced himself credibly from it at the latest since his teaching activity in Graz (from 1944). Weinhandl was classified as a minor after the war and was suspended from work at the end of the summer semester in 1946. In 1950 he resumed teaching. Kaufmann's dissertation was supervised by the philosopher and sociologist Konstantin Radaković . After returning from voluntary emigration, Radaković succeeded Weinhandl. Nevertheless, Kaufmann emphasizes in several publications his close connection with Weinhandl and his idea of a "physiognomic aesthetic", for example in Neue Musik in Steiermark (p. 73) or in several honors in the Neue Zeit (29.1.1956 and 29.1.1966) . He left out Weinhandl's problematic political past.
- ↑ Erich Marckhl , In memoriam Harald Kaufmann. University of Music and Performing Arts, Graz 1970, p. 6
- ^ Gottfried Krieger: A pioneer of music journalism in Austria. On the life and work of Harald Kaufmann (1927–1970). In: Austrian music magazine. 7–8, 2010, pp. 4–12.
- ↑ For the reconstruction of the Graz Urania see: Walter Ernst, Markus Jaroschka: Die Schaukal-Ära und Graz. In: Karl Acham (ed.): Art and humanities from Graz. Böhlau, Vienna 2009, p. 683.
- ↑ For the history of the Graz university studio see: Heinz Gerstinger: Personal memories of Hellmuth Himmel and the Graz university studio. In: Kurt Bartsch et al. (Ed.): The other world. Aspects of Austrian literature of the 19th and 20th centuries. Festschrift for Hellmuth Himmel on his 60th birthday. Bern / Munich 1979, pp. 9-14.
- ^ Gottfried Krieger: A pioneer of music journalism in Austria. On the life and work of Harald Kaufmann (1927–1970). In: Austrian music magazine. 7–8, 2010, p. 5.
- ↑ Don Juan with obstacles , subtitle: A comedy about Mozart in three acts (Harald-Kaufmann-Archiv, Sig. 143). The piece, dated 1945, was printed under the title Don Juan with obstacles, a Mozartesque by Harald Kaufmann in Leykam's Universal Calendar for 1949, Volume 23, pp. 27-76. Symposium , subtitle: Conversations after Plato (Harald-Kaufmann-Archiv, Sig. 149). A radio play version was broadcast by the Alpenland broadcasting group on March 24, 1950. A production at the Osnabrück Theater planned a few years later did not materialize. The book of Job , subtitle: Newly told by Harald Kaufmann , 29 pages ms., Dated April / May 1950.
- ↑ The libretto for an opera with the title: Y has also been preserved . Not dated, no information about the composer (Harald Kaufmann Archive, Sig. 490).
- ↑ Gottfried Krieger: "Genius from the Ghetto": The unpublished work diaries of the Austrian music researcher Harald Kaufmann. In: G. Krieger, M. Spindler (Hrsg.): Music as a life program. Festschrift for Constantin Floros on his 70th birthday. Lang, Frankfurt am Main 2000, pp. 239–248.
- ↑ Harald Kaufmann: Structure in Schönberg, figure in Webern. In: track lines. Vienna 1969, pp. 159-174. Reprinted in: Heinz-Klaus Metzger, Rainer Riehn (Ed.): Music Concepts . Special volume Schönberg, Munich, 1980, as well as music concepts. Special volume Webern II, Munich, 1984.
- ↑ Erich Marckhl, In memoriam Harald Kaufmann. University of Music and Performing Arts, Graz 1970, p. 17.
- ↑ Andreas Dorschel, Vera Schwarz and Harald Kaufmann: New musical thinking in the early years of the Second Republic , in Ingeborg Harer / Gudrun Rottensteiner (eds.), Wissenschaft und Praxis - Old and New (Graz: Leykam, 2017) (New contributions to performance practice 8), pp. 29-37, pp. 29f.
- ↑ The correspondence between Kaufmann and Adorno is printed in: Werner Grünzweig, Gottfried Krieger (Ed.): Harald Kaufmann: From inside and outside. Writings on music, musical life and aesthetics. Wolke, Hofheim 1993, pp. 261-300. Adorno first became aware of Kaufmann in 1959, during a lecture that Kaufmann gave at the invitation of the Austrian College in Vienna. In 1967 Adorno came to Graz and gave a lecture on music criticism at the newly opened Institute for Valuation Research. In April 1968 the businessman visited Adorno in his house in Frankfurt. A report on this encounter can be found in Kaufmann's work diaries. In October 1968 Adorno came to Graz a second time. How closely the businessman Adorno felt is evident from a diary entry dated August 6, 1969 on the occasion of Adorno's death: “11:26 am Adorno died in Visp. Incomprehensible. Two days ago I received another letter from him from Frankfurt. It must have been one of his last. My spiritual father, my most important intellectual pioneer. His egocentricity, his fearfulness in everyday life, what does it all weigh against the shining power of his spirit, against his public courage. What a sad, thoughtless world. I mean, he was scared of death, hated it. That he, the youngest member of the Frankfurter Kreis, had to leave, before Horkheimer , before Marcuse , before Bloch , what a tragedy for the world. I will devote the finger exercises to him to pay off some of the thanks I owe him. The memory of Theoder W. Adorno, whose help and friendship the Graz Institute for Valuation Research owes so much. "
- ↑ Numerous articles by Kaufmann about Ligeti as well as the correspondence between Kaufmann and Ligeti in: Werner Grünzweig, Gottfried Krieger (ed.): Harald Kaufmann: From inside and outside. Writings on music, musical life and aesthetics. Wolke, Hofheim 1993. Six further letters from Ligeti's estate are published in the appendix to the essay by Heidy Zimmermann Musikalische Sprachrohre. Harald Kaufmann and Ove Nordwall in dialogue with György Ligeti. In: Studia Musicologica 57, 1–2 / 2016, pp. 161–185. Ligeti dedicated his piece for women's choir and orchestra Clocks and Clouds to the memory of Kaufmann.
- ^ Archives of the University of Music and Performing Arts Graz, Persakt Harald Kaufmann AV 96/1, 10 P
- ^ Website for the Kaufmann symposium
- ↑ Web link to the Harald Kaufmann Prize
- ↑ See MV, 'Schauplätze der Musikgeschichte'. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung , March 24, 2016
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Merchant, Harald |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian music researcher |
DATE OF BIRTH | October 1, 1927 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Feldbach , Styria |
DATE OF DEATH | July 9, 1970 |
Place of death | Graz |