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House Reck is an old aristocratic residence in the former Kamen parish of Lerche , today the Lerche district in the Pelkum district of the German city of Hamm . It is located immediately to the east of the A1 motorway on the Bergkamen city limits . The property did not take its name until the middle of the 16th century. Because of its location in the "Pelkumer Heide" it was previously called Haus zur Heyde or Haus zur Heide . It is the ancestral home of a branch of the von der Recke family . In 1465 the "Reck House" was mentioned when it was converted into a permanent castle .

Building description and use

The core of the manor house dating back to the 15th century , the barn of brick is from 1715 and the sheepfold of truss of 1775 .

Bauhaus, defensive wall and defensive tower made of plastered masonry made of green sandstone date from the middle of the 16th century. The Bauhaus, a three-aisled Low German hall house , was used to manage the lands belonging to the castle.

Since April 2007 it has been possible to get married in the old tower directly on the old battlement of Haus Reck (external registry office of the city of Hamm). There is also the possibility of "moonlight weddings" and the like. The room above the registry office is used for the champagne reception .

history

The Burgmannshöfe of Kamen

The development of Kamen is closely linked to the history of the Burgmannshöfe there. There were at least ten such properties. They were surrounded by walls and ditches and served to protect the place. Kamen was in the county of Mark with the most Burgmannshöfe.

According to the register of properties ( Urbar C) of the Werden monastery, there has been a settlement with the name Kamen since around 1050, but the parish of Kamen with its six farmers must have existed for a longer time. At the site of today's St. Paul's Church, whose tower is made of green sandstone, a wooden church seems to have previously stood.

At the beginning of the 12th century, the Counts of Altena , the rulers of the time, had a count's castle built as a fortified residence to the west of today's St. Paul's Church, similar to Mark Castle in the village of Mark near Nienbrügge and Hamm later . The size and nature of the Count's Castle are no longer known today. Since 1225, the Counts of the Mark became rulers of the County of Mark founded by Adolf I. von der Mark . Since the Archbishops of Cologne laid claim to the rule of the country, such bases acquired special power-political importance. Kamen was located on a passable Seseke crossing and thus became a frontier fortress against the Cologne power striving.

According to this military importance, but also to organize their sovereignty, the counts settled their retinues in the immediate area of their residential castles. The Burgmannen presumably come from the surrounding area. For the Kamener Burg, in addition to Haus Reck, there were also Haus Böing, Westick, Heeren and others. In the course of time, the Burgmannen settled in an inner and an outer ring around the settlement core consisting of the Count's castle and church. Their yards were large, solid houses. They were protected by earth walls, wooden palisades and ditches.

The Burgmannen were among the ministerials of the Counts of Altena and Mark. They were under court and administration, but they were also used for defense and war services. Occasionally, they were also responsible for holding court days in the city. In the course of time, the lower nobility was partly recruited from the ranks of the ministerials. These received a fief or service property for their achievements and services. At a later time they could freely dispose of these goods and bequeath them. The Burgmannshöfe kept their aristocratic freedom from all urban burdens into the 19th century, even if they were owned by middle-class families.

According to the growth phases of the medieval city area, two construction periods of the Burgmannshöfe can be distinguished. The Westerholtschen and the Cappenberger Hof were built to the west around the settlement core of the Grafenburg and the Severinskirche (today's Pauluskirche). In the north, in the area of today's Willy-Brandt-Platz, the Akenschokenhof was built, in the east the Trippenburg on today's Burgstrasse, the exact location of which is unknown and can only be roughly estimated. In the south, the Hanenhof joined the Seseke. These courtyards were built in the 12th and 13th centuries.

In the course of further development phases, the settlement grew to the west, north and east. Kamen was granted city rights and fortified with a wall and a double system of ditches. In the south, the Seseke remained the limit. They were brought closer to the settlement and straightened out. The old street names west , east and north wall testify to the course of the wall at that time. A remnant of the east wall is still in place today.

As part of this local expansion, the Galenhof and the Edelkirchenhof (later Haringshof ) were built north and south of Weststrasse . To the north was the Reckhof or Pallandscher Hof, to the east a Bohlenburg , the exact location of which is no longer known today. The conclusion was the horizontal bar to bar yard (also Vogelhof, today the area of the Kamen square). These five Burgmannshöfe were also laid out over a large area and had moats, earth walls and palisades. It is noticeable that all courtyards were laid out near the earlier or later city gates. The names of the farms mostly changed when they got other owners. The Galenhof seems to have been the largest and best fortified of the courtyards. Its trenches and ramparts were not leveled until 1898. It is the only Burgmannshof in Kamen that still exists today.

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Defense tower

Mansion

The Haus zur Heide was owned by the Kamen Burgmanns Diedrich (III.) Von der Recke zu Heeren from around the second half of the 14th century . In 1392 there was an inheritance division between his sons, in which the property together with the Kamener Burgmannshof fell to the youngest brother Johann von der Recke. Johann's son Diedrich first called himself Herr zur Heide in 1421. He was followed by seven more generations of owners of the estate with the guiding name of Diedrich.

Diedrich XIII. "the rich" became Unna in 1511 and 1512 respectively . The office with which the Drostenstelle Kamen was connected remained with the family until 1753; that year the office was dissolved. 1623 Reichshofrat President Johann von der Recke into the realm baron conditions applicable. His brother Diedrich XXVI. 1636 obtained the judicial rule and the patronage to Frömern .

1649 donated Diedrich XXXI. the chapel on the outer bailey, which was demolished in the 19th century. His son Diedrich XXXVII. On April 26, 1709 , the Prussian King Friedrich I granted civil and criminal jurisdiction over the houses of Reck, Raffenberg and Töddinghausen as well as the villages / farmers Lerche , Rottum , Derne , Bergkamen and Overberge . The glory Reck thus created left the Kamen Office as an independent administrative and judicial district. Another well-known owner of the Reck family from this time is Dietrich von der Recke (1673–1690) called Oer zu Reck (1695), heir to Burkhart von Oer zu Kakesbeck .

With the introduction of the district office in Grafschaft Mark , the old Drosten offices became obsolete. Diedrich XLI. In 1753 von der Recke was given the position of the district administrator in the newly created Hamm district and later bequeathed it to his sons. The older son, Diedrich Adolf, got into debt in the wake of the Seven Years' War , which led to the bankruptcy of his property. In 1774 49 courtyards and cottages in the Herrlichkeit Reck and the Reckischen goods and rights in town and office of Kamen were publicly auctioned for 27,789 thalers. House Reck itself and its accessories were bought in 1787 by Baron Senfft von Pilsach for 26,370 thalers. He received it from his wife Friedrike, the only daughter of Diedrich Adolf's younger brother Gisbert Heinrich Diedrich von der Recke, with whom this line in the male line became extinct in 1794.

The French rule towards the beginning of the 18th century destroyed the solidarity of the Hamm district at that time. The offices of Unna and Kamen were now added to the Arrondissement of Dortmund and were divided into four mairies . This division ended in the newly created Prussian province of Westphalia under the senior president Ludwig Freiherr von Vincke with the introduction of new administrative regulations.

In 1821 Baron von Syberg zu Busch bought the 308 acre estate for 33,000 thalers. In 1827 he bequeathed it to his grandchildren, the children of the first marriage of Lord President Ludwig Baron von Vincke. Since then, major renovations have been made to the manor house and the fortified tower. Only the Bauhaus from the 16th century and the farm buildings from the first half of the 18th century provide information about the original state of construction.

literature

Friedrich Buschmann: History of the city of Kamen . In: Westphalian magazine . No. 4, 1841, pp. 177-288.
Helmut Richtering: Noble seats and manors in the area of the city of Hamm . In: 750 years of the city of Hamm . Hamm 1976, pp. 125-160.
Joachim Kleinmanns: On the building stock and monument value of the Wasserburg Haus Reck. In: Mining and Monument 3. How Much Building Security is Necessary? Practical examples. Joint conference of SFB 315 and Ruhrkohle Bergbau AG . Zeche Zollverein Essen 1997 (workbooks of the Collaborative Research Center 315 "Preserving Historically Significant Buildings", 15). Karlsruhe 1998, pp. 21-28.
Josef Börste: "and to bring me to the district administrator ... in a proposal". 250 years of the Unna district - von der Reckes were the first district administrators, in: Jahrbuch des Kreis Unna, Vol. 24 (2003), pp. 92-100.
Theodor Eimer, Die Herrlichkeit Reck and the knight's seat "Haus Reck" in Lerche. A contribution to the local history of the Unna district, (state examination work), Bergkamen 1956
Hartmut Platte: Reck House in Lerche: A witness of old tradition. The former manor of the von der Recke family dates back to the 12th century, in: Unser Westfalen 2008, pp. 91–92.

Web links

Commons : Haus Reck - Collection of images, videos and audio files

51.623888888889 7.69Coordinates: 51 ° 37 ′ 26 ″ N , 7 ° 41 ′ 24 ″ E