Holy Spirit Church (Teupitz)
The Evangelical Holy Spirit Church is a sacred building from 1346 in Teupitz , a town in the Dahme-Spreewald district in Brandenburg . The associated parish belongs to the parish Teupitz-Groß Köris in the parish of Zossen-Fläming of the Evangelical Church of Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia .
location
The building is located northwest of the city center at the intersection of Kirchstrasse and Baumgarten a few meters from the peninsula, on which there was a castle in the Middle Ages .
Building history
The church was built in 1346 as a mention in Stiftsmatrikel the Diocese of Meissen occupied. The first building consisted of a small chapel made of field stones. For many centuries the church was under the church patronage of the Schenk von Landsberg family , who held considerable wealth and power in the southern Margraviate of Brandenburg from 1330 to 1717 . It was also she who called Simon Sinapius, the first pastor in 1542, to promote the Reformation . His successor, Thomas Cernik (Cernitius) taught in Teupitz from 1546 to 1599 and established a lasting influence on the city by the Protestant parish . According to Dehio, experts suspect that a builder raised the outer walls by three meters in 1566. This is justified by the fact that an old gable line is still visible on the west gable. It is certain that the church tower, which is around 24 meters high, and the sacristy were added to the building this year . According to tradition, a side wall threatened to collapse, so that builders broke off the previously vaulted, Gothic ceiling and put in a simple flat beam ceiling. Furthermore, a crypt was built, in the middle of which there was a window with a stained glass until 1842, on which part of an interior of a Gothic church could be seen. Over the centuries, the structure has been changed several times. Four lancet windows on the east gable have been preserved from the oldest construction phase, but they were walled up at a later date. There is also a walled-up portal on the north wall as well as other, also walled-up pointed arch windows and a round arched window on the west gable. In 1684 bricklayers added a patronage box for the Schenk von Landsberg family to the sacristy. In 1693 the building received its first organ , in 1778 a tower clock. In 1845, craftsmen established the rectory next to the church. Friedrich August Stüler initiated a comprehensive restoration between 1855 and 1859 at the instigation of Friedrich Wilhelm IV . He had the windows enlarged and installed simple tracery windows with a three-pass . The tower was given a stepped gable . Inside he built a gallery; the vault became the sacristy. In 1787 the cantorate was established. Over the decades it became clear that the originally installed tower clock must have been of comparatively poor quality. According to tradition, it had to be repaired several times. In 1884 an expert determined that a further repair would cost 250 marks . Thereupon the Royal Court Chamber gave the parish a new tower clock from the clock manufacturer F. Rochlitz from Berlin worth 360 marks. From 1972 to 1982 G. Zawadski redesigned the interior. Between 1975 and 1977 the parish renovated the rectory. In 1986 the organ was restored. In the years 2001 to 2003 the community was able to renovate the roof and the nave , as well as the rectory; the tower followed in 2008 and 2009.
architecture
The building was made of reddish brick with a rectangular floor plan with a length of 24 meters and a width of 12 meters. The nave is kept simple. On the south side there are four tracery windows from the renovation in the 19th century, which interrupt a surrounding cornice in the lower third . At the eastern end of the south side, a triple-stepped buttress provides the structure with additional stability. Underneath the tracery windows are significantly smaller, ogival windows and the ogival south portal. The gable roof is kept simple and covered with red roof tiles.
The west tower was not erected in the middle of the nave, as is the case with comparable structures in the region, but on the southwest corner of the sacred building. It is also provided with buttresses. Above the nave there is a circular opening with a quatrefoil on the north and south sides . Several beehive-shaped sound arcades are arranged above it , which frame a tower clock. A stepped gable with a cross on the top also adorns the tower on the north and south sides. The placement of the tower makes it appear inharmonious when viewed from the west. This impression is reinforced by the walled-in lancet windows.
The western part of the building is divided from the nave by a partition. The staircase to the tower is located in the northern part of the vestibule created in this way. There are also three memorial plaques for those who fell there. One commemorates the dead from the wars of liberation against Napoleonic rule from 1813 to 1815, another one to the Franco-Prussian War in 1870 and 1871, and the third panel to the fallen from the First World War .
Furnishing
Pulpit and altar
On the east wall there is a baroque wooden pulpit , which was made in 1692 by the sculptor F. Schenk from Lübben . The basket has a polygonal design and is decorated with images of the evangelists entwined with vine leaves. There is a sound cover above the basket . The altar with altar cabinets made of oak was donated by Major von Euen and was erected in 1892. Next to the altar is a crucifix that was acquired by the Royal Prussian Iron Foundry in 1840 .
organ
The organ comes from the Döbelner organ builder Gottfried Richter . In 1693 he built an instrument with seven registers , but without a pedal, for 195 thalers . This was only added in 1767 during a repair by the Jüterbog organ builder Bieler , who added three sounding stops for 113 thalers and reinforced the manual with one stop. In 1783 a further repair was carried out by the Luckenwalde organ builder Pinckert for 70 thalers . In 1817 the parish had to raise another 125 thalers for repairs. After the major renovations in the 1850s, however, the instrument was no longer usable. Moritz Baumgarten from Zahna built a new organ for 1,000 thalers , which in turn was rebuilt in 1875 by Wilhelm Remler for 3,000 marks. Since then it has had ten registers on the main manual, five registers on the upper manual and four registers for the pedal. The prospectus is decorated with acanthus leaves.
Further equipment
The Fünte from 1884 - made according to a design by Karl Friedrich Schinkel - is made of sandstone and has a nickel-plated baptismal font made of cast iron . The seven-armed candlestick was made of brass in 1695; an eighteen-armed bronze chandelier from 1865. The liturgical utensils from the 17th and 18th centuries include a silver jug, a silver communion chalice, a paten and a wafer bowl. The nave has had a flat ceiling since the renovation in the 16th century. On the south wall there is an epitaph of Margarete Westphal, the wife of the first royal bailiff at Teupitz Castle . Another gravestone commemorates the wife of the castle owner around 1830, Henriette Louise Gobbin (1797–1834).
Bells
Behind the sound arcades of the west tower hang a total of three bells with the striking tones e, g sharp and b. The largest weighs around 1,500 kg and bears the inscription: "Praise our God to the best / In his sanctuary / Praise him in his fortress / Praise his etc." and "By God's grace / Under your highness the second / King Prince August Wilhelm / Margraves of Brandenburg / Cast v. JP Meurer / in Berlin, Anno 1729. ". The second bell weighs 493 kg and is decorated with an oak leaf and the inscription: "The living to emulate / The coming to remember." And "Come to me all, / You who are laborious and burdened / I want to refresh you" . It is a foundation of Major Albert von Euen . The smallest bell comes from Apolda , was cast in 1583, and weighs 290 kg. It bears the inscription: "Ring the bell, ring the peace, / Ring the peace in every heart. / When my day ends here below, / Ring me home." It is a foundation by Bertha Gottgetreu . The second and third bells were cast in the bell foundry in Apolda in 1887 and hung in the tower in November 1887. At the same time the parish donated a small bell to Dar es Salaam in Tanzania .
enclosure
Funerals were held in the churchyard until 1828, then on the Gesenberg, where the cemetery chapel was built in 1917 . Until 1889 there was a stone wall around the church. After it became dilapidated, gardeners replaced the enclosure with a hawthorn hedge . A grave column has stood in front of the tower since 1897, commemorating the royal bailiff Carl Ludwig Bein (1761–1803). In addition, the congregation erected a memorial cross for the reformer on the 500th anniversary of Martin Luther's death in 1983. The building ensemble also includes the cantor's council from 1787, which also served as a school building until 1910, and the parish office from 1845.
literature
- Georg Dehio (arr. Gerhard Vinken et al.): Handbook of German Art Monuments - Brandenburg. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich and Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-422-03123-4 .
- City of Teupitz (Ed.): City guide - history - lake hiking map. July 2011
- Stadt Teupitz (Ed.): History of Castle and Town Teupitz by Franz Hoffmann , reprint of the Teupitz town chronicle from 1902, Teupitz, 2014
- BiKuT (Ed.): Teupitzer Miniatures - Thirty Stories from the 700-year-old Schenkenstadt , Weißensee-Verlag, 1st edition 2009, ISBN 978-3-89998-160-5
- Evangelical Church District Zossen-Fläming Synodal Committee for Public Relations (Ed.): Between Heaven and Earth - God's Houses in the Church District Zossen-Fläming , Laserline GmbH, Berlin, p. 180, 2019
Web links
- Entry in the monument database of the State of Brandenburg
- Heilig-Geist-Kirche , website of the city of Teupitz, accessed on November 12, 2015.
- Web presence of the parish district
Individual evidence
- ^ City of Teupitz (ed.): City guide - history - lakes hiking map. July 2011
- ↑ BiKuT (ed.): Teupitzer Miniatures - Thirty Stories from the 700-year-old Schenkenstadt , Weißensee-Verlag, 1st edition 2009, ISBN 978-3-89998-160-5
Coordinates: 52 ° 8 ′ 12.9 ″ N , 13 ° 36 ′ 33.1 ″ E