Heinkel HE 9

Heinkel HE 9
Type:	Maritime patrol
Design country:	German Empire
Manufacturer:	Heinkel
First flight:	1929
Commissioning:	1929
Production time:	1929-1931
Number of pieces:	14th

The Heinkel HE 9 was a German swimmer - sea ​​reconnaissance aircraft of the Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke .

development

The HE 9 was designed in 1929 by Ernst Heinkel on behalf of the naval management as the successor to the HE 5 and HE 31 . The prototype designated as HE 9a (serial number 319) received its approval with the registration D-1617 in May of that year. In the course of the following tests, Heinkel factory pilot Rolf Starke was able to break a series of world records in the same month and in June. Five more aircraft followed, one HE 9b and four HE 9c , which were built in 1929 and delivered to the German Aviation School (DVS). They were mainly used for testing at the See trial site in Travemünde and at SEVERA GmbH. In 1930/1931 five copies, cut for series production and designated as He 9d , were produced for DVS, which passed four of them on to the "Köhler Group" stationed in Warnemünde, a cover organization for overseas and radio training for officers of the Reichsmarine. There, the model was certified as having good flight characteristics and great power reserves. Criticized were the strong formation of splash water when taking off with crosswinds and the very high landing speed of around 100 km / h, which made splashing down from wind force 4 very risky. A major weak point was the gear motor, which produced strong vibrations, which repeatedly led to the breakage of the motor mount. At the end of 1930 three more HE 9d were built under license at Focke-Wulf on a trial basis on behalf of the Reichswehr Ministry, as the company in Bremen was intended to take over production in the event of mobilization . The number of 80 HE 9 provided for in the secret "Naval Air Force Manufacturing Program" was never realized. When armaments production was accelerated from 1933 , the HE 9 was already considered obsolete and was no longer taken into account. The existing aircraft were, however, still used for training purposes and actively flown until 1936/1937.

construction

HE 9 is a semi-cantilever low-wing aircraft in composite construction .

Fuselage: The fuselage consists of a welded tubular steel frame, which is planked with aluminum sheet in the area of ​​the engine and on the top to the end of the rear seat and covered with fabric in the remaining part. The engine block is also made of tubular steel and is connected to the fuselage framework by four bolts. The firewall behind it is made of sheet steel with asbestos cladding. By covering the rear observer seat, the HE 9 could be converted from a three to a two-seater.

Structure: The two-part wings are rectangular in plan with elliptical edge arches. They consist of two box spars with spruce straps and a wooden frame with a planking of the wing root and front edge made of plywood push plates. The ribs are also made of plywood, while the inner struts between the spars are made of tubular steel. The rest of the area is covered with fabric. Both wings are connected to the fuselage by hook joints and braced to the swimmers halfway up with N-shaped handles.

Tail unit: The tail unit in normal construction consists entirely of a tubular steel frame with fabric covering. The horizontal stabilizer is braced towards the fuselage and adjustable in flight. The rudder is aerodynamically balanced.

Floating mechanism: The HE 9 has two keeled , single-stage floats made of wood with a tubular steel frame, each of which is divided into seven watertight compartments, each of which is equipped with a drainage screw and handhole cover. The volume is 2980 l each. The floats are connected to the hull and structure by tubular steel struts and crossed with wire between the horizontal cross struts.

List of built HE 9

Work number	version	Construction year	Registration
319	HE 9a	1929	D-1617
325	HE 9b	1929	D – 1625 , later D – IPYF
328	HE 9c	1929	D – 1688 , later D – IKAQ
329	HE 9c	1929	D-1689
330	HE 9c	1929	D-1690
331	HE 9c	1929	D – 1691 , later D – ILIQ
360	HE 9d	1930	D-1941
361	HE 9d	1930	D-1947
362	HE 9d	1930	D – 1950
382	HE 9d	1931	D – 2095 , later D – IXAV
383	HE 9d	1931	D-2158
101 (Focke-Wulf)	HE 9d	1930	D – 2003 , later D – IPYV
102 (Focke-Wulf)	HE 9d	1930	D – 1976 , later D – IXYZ
103 (Focke-Wulf)	HE 9d	1930	D – 1966 , later D – IXOX

In 1934 two HE 9s were approved as D-INYQ and D-IHYX . So far, the license plates could not be assigned to a work number.

Technical specifications

Parameter	HE 9a	HE 9b / HE 9c	HE 9d
crew	3	2
span	16.8 m
length	11.6 m		11.8 m
height	4.56 m
Wing area	47.5 m²
Preparation mass	2379 kg		2610 kg
Payload	621 kg	771 kg	790 kg
payload	95 kg		k. A.
Takeoff mass	3000 kg	3150 kg	3400 kg
drive	a liquid-cooled twelve-cylinder - V-engine
Type	BWM VIu 7.3Z	BMW VI 6.3ZU	BMW VI 7.3ZU
rated capacity	750 PS (552 kW)	660 hp (485 kW)	750 PS (552 kW)
Top speed	253 km / h near the ground 248 km / h at 2000 m 237 km / h at 4000 m 230 km / h at 5000 m 200 km / h at 6000 m	238 km / h near the ground	260 km / h near the ground
Marching speed	200 km / h	k. A.	k. A.
Landing speed	100 km / h	103 km / h	k. A.
Rise time	2:06 min at 1000 m altitude 4:36 min at 2000 m 11:24 min at 4000 m 16:54 min at 5000 m 32:42 min at 6000 m	3:48 min at 1000 m altitude 9 min at 2000 m	2:30 min at 1000 m altitude 5:06 min at 2000 m 9:30 min at 3000 m 25 min at 5000 m
Range	860 km	1220 km	k. A.
Service ceiling	5900 m	4350 m	5900 m
Take-off run	235 m	k. A.	k. A.
Armament (optional)	a rigid 7.9 mm MG 08/15 to the front and a movable 7.9 mm MG 08/15 to the rear

literature

• Volker Koos: Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke 1922–1932 . Heel, Königswinter 2006, ISBN 3-89880-502-6 , p. 33-35 .
• Volker Koos: Aviation between the Baltic Sea and Breitling . Warnemünde sea and land airfield 1914–1945. Transpress, Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-344-00480-8 , pp. 115 ff .
• Helmut Stützer: The German military aircraft 1919–1934 . E. S. Mittler & Sohn, Herford 1984, ISBN 3-8132-0184-8 , p. 79, 135, 201 and 205 .

Web links

Commons : Heinkel HE 9  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Remarks

1. ↑ Starke carried the HE 9a on May 21, 1928 1,000 kg payload over a distance of 1,000 km, which was a record on a 100 km route at 235.294 km / h, a 500 km route at 235.941 km / h and on the total distance meant at 177.279 km / h. The latter distance was also counted as a record for the transport of 500 kg payload. On June 10th, Starke was able to increase the performance to 222.277 km / h when transporting 500 kg payload over 1000 km. This was also a new record for the division without payload.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Stützer, military aircraft, p. 201
2. Jump up supporter, military aircraft, p. 205