Heinkel HD 30

Heinkel HD 30
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Type:	Airborne sea ​​reconnaissance aircraft
Design country:	German Empire
Manufacturer:	Heinkel
First flight:	1928
Commissioning:	-
Number of pieces:	2

The Heinkel HD 30 was an airborne reconnaissance aircraft produced by the Heinkel works in Warnemünde . The abbreviation HD stands for Heinkel double decker .

development

In 1927 the Reichsmarine initiated a secret armaments program to build up naval forces , circumventing the provisions of the Versailles Treaty . A point contained therein provided for the development of an airplane catapult and two catapultable airplane types. A flying boat for artillery observation and an on- board reconnaissance aircraft , known in the parlance of the time as a fleet scout, were planned. For the latter, an action radius of 350 nautical miles with a 2.5 hour flight duration and a seaworthiness of up to swell 4–5 were required. The armament should consist of one rigid and two movable machine guns. The Heinkel-Werke in Warnemünde responded with the design of the HD 30, which, for reasons of disguise, was officially declared as an ocean-going medical aircraft, usable for the transport of one person on a stretcher. In direct competition with it was the W 4 developed by Focke-Wulf in Bremen , a cantilevered, tension-free double-decker, which for reasons of secrecy was advertised in company brochures as a postal and courier aircraft for sea routes.

The first prototype with the serial number 288, completed in 1928 and designated as the HD 30a , was equipped with a French Jupiter licensed engine and, with the registration number D-1463 , transferred to the See Trial Center of the Reich Association of the German Aviation Industry (RDL) in Travemünde for the ongoing testing of the K 1 catapult and the HD 15 flying boat , which were the first points of the construction program to be completed at Heinkel last year. As a result of the tests, the lower wings were lengthened to increase the take-off mass and adjusted to the span of the upper one. The French drive was a German Jupiter license engine from Siemens Halske replaced and the term in HD 30 B changed. The tests carried out in Travemünde, which also included catapult launches with the K 1, initially made the Reichsmarine optimistic, so that in a production program for marine air presented on November 29, 1929, the head of the naval management stated that 212 HD 30s equipped with Jupiter engines were required. Priced observation aircraft; in addition there were 50 seaplanes for school purposes, which should be equipped with L-5 in-line engines.

With the changes made to the first prototype, a second HE 30 B with the serial number 405 was built. It was initially registered with Luftdienst GmbH in May 1932 with the registration number D-2267 , but in October 1933 it was also transferred to the See trial site in Travemünde. In 1934 it was re-registered as D – IKIK . Meanwhile, the opinion of the Navy on the HD 30 had changed. The take-off mass, which had increased to 2529 kg, pushed the K 1, which was designed for a maximum of 2.5 t, to the limit of its load capacity. In addition, the military suitability of the HD 30 was increasingly questioned. In the end, series production was abandoned. The competitor's W 4 design was also unsuccessful.

construction

The HD 30 is a semi-cantilever, single-leg double - decker in a composite construction .

hull

The fuselage consists of a tubular steel framework, largely covered with fabric, with a rectangular cross-section, arched back and a stern that ends in a vertical cutting edge. In the engine area up to the fire bulkhead, the cladding consists of duralumin sheets.

Structure

The structure has no tension. The V-shaped, two-part wings are strongly staggered and connected to each other with N-shaped handles. The upper wing contains the fuel tanks and is connected to the fuselage through the tombstone, the lower wing has connections to the lower edge of the fuselage and struts to the floating structure. All wings consist of a wooden frame with plywood ribs, two box spars with spruce straps and plywood webs and internal bracing with tubular steel framework. The covering is made of fabric; only the leading edges of the wings are covered with plywood.

Tail unit

All fins and oars are made of tubular steel frames covered with fabric. The horizontal fin is supported on the fuselage with I-handles, the vertical fin is free-standing. All wings have ailerons, upper and lower ailerons are connected to each other with bumpers on each side. The oars are not balanced.

Floating mechanism

The HD 30 has two single-stage floats arranged parallel to each other , which are flat-bottomed in the front area and heavily keeled in the rear . They consist of wooden frames with dural or hydronalium paneling and each have a volume of 1335 l.

Technical specifications

Parameter	Data (HD 30a)	Data (HD 30 B)
crew	2
span	above 12.40 m below 11.0 m	above 12.40 m below 12.40 m
length	10.25 m	10.38 m
height	4.45 m	4.40 m
Wing area	46.89 m²	44.70 m²
Empty mass	1695 kg	1733 kg
Payload	787 kg	796 kg
Takeoff mass	2482 kg	2529 kg
drive	an air-cooled nine-cylinder four-stroke radial engine with a rigid two-bladed wooden propeller
Type	Gnome et Rhône Jupiter VI 9 Ak	Siemens & Halske Jupiter VI 6.3u
fuel	490 l in over-wing fuel tanks
Take-off power Combat and climb power Rated power Continuous power	520 PS (382 kW) 500 PS (368 kW) on the ground 475 PS (349 kW) on the ground 444 PS (327 kW)	530 PS (390 kW) 480 PS (353 kW) on the ground 450 PS (331 kW) on the ground 420 PS (309 kW) at 500 m
Top speed	200 km / h	211 km / h
Landing speed	90 km / h	100 km / h
Rise time	5.0 min at 1000 m 11.0 min at 2000 m	4.2 min at 1000 m 9.4 min at 2000 m
Summit height	4500 m	4650 m
Flight duration	3.0 h	5.0 h
Radius of action	590 km	700 km
Armament (provided)	one fixed and two movable machine guns

literature

• Volker Koos: Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke 1922–1932 . Heel, Königswinter 2006, ISBN 3-89880-502-6 , p. 76/77 .
• Helmut Stützer: The German military aircraft 1919–1934 . E. S. Mittler & Sohn, Herford 1984, ISBN 3-8132-0184-8 , p. 61, 141 and 197 .

Individual evidence

1. ^ Volker Koos: Ernst Heinkel . From the biplane to the jet engine. Delius Klasing, Bielefeld 2007, ISBN 978-3-7688-1906-0 , p. 76 .
2. ^ Reinhold Thiel: Focke-Wulf aircraft construction . Hauschild, Bremen 2011, ISBN 978-3-89757-489-2 , pp. 63 .
3. ↑ Christian König: First at the enemy. On-board aircraft and coastal reconnaissance aircraft Heinkel He 60 . Helios, Aachen 2017, ISBN 978-3-86933-187-4 , pp. 9 .