Heinkel HE 3

HE 3 is a redirect to this article. For the isotope of helium He-3 see Helium-3 .

Heinkel HE 3
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Type:	Sports and training aircraft
Design country:	German Empire
Manufacturer:	Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke
First flight:	1923
Number of pieces:	3

The Heinkel HE 3 was a sports and training aircraft from the German designer Ernst Heinkel from the 1920s. This was Heinkel's first design in his own company.

history

On May 5, 1922, the Inter-Allied Aviation Monitoring Commission (ILÜK) ended its work in the German Reich, where it had controlled the destruction of aircraft based on agreements made in the Versailles Treaty . From this point on, the importation and construction of civil aircraft by the victorious allied powers was again permitted. At around the same time, the invitation to tender for an aircraft competition in Gothenburg appeared . Both events led Ernst Heinkel to decide to found his own company and to separate from Caspar .

Initially very limited space, Heinkel began with a total of eleven employees in the next room of an inn with the construction of the HE 3 for the Gothenburg competition. On December 1, 1922, the vacant Hall III of the former Seaplane Test Command Warnemünde (SVK) could be rented. Later, this date was considered to be the date on which the Warnemünde company was founded. The construction of the first HE 3 (serial number 201) began here immediately. The draft and the performance and strength calculations were carried out by Karl Schwärzler, who had started his work at Caspar as an engineer and then became the chief designer of the Heinkel works.

After the first test flights, the completed machine was brought to Sweden on a small freighter, where it was then exhibited at Gothenburg Airport. The International Aviation Exhibition took place from July 20 to August 12, 1923, with the presentation of new aircraft and various individual competitions. Carl Clemens Bücker took first place with the HE 3 in the competition for sports and touring aircraft up to 110 hp with 837.3 of a maximum possible 1000 points. This was the beginning of a long-term collaboration with Sweden, with the aircraft being supplied by Svenska Aero AB , a company founded by Bücker with the participation of Heinkel .

The Swedish Navy bought two of the three HE 3s that were built and used them as training aircraft under the name Paddan (German toad) with service numbers 11 and 12.

Whereabouts

The first machine built was deleted from the aircraft roll in January 1924 with the aircraft registration D-278. At the same time, the approval of another HE 3 (D-299), which had returned to Germany from Sweden, also expired. This was the second Swedish machine (S-AABI, service number 12), while the other machine was destroyed in 1929.

construction

The HE 3 was a three-seater travel and training aircraft and had removable wings and a wheel chassis that could easily be exchanged for swimmers. The HE 3 could be equipped with various engines , such as Siemens-Halske Sh 5, 6 and 12 .

Further development

From the HE 3 emerged the HE 18 , of which two copies were produced (D-475, movement no. 214 and D-596, movement no. 215).

Technical specifications

Parameter	Data
length	7.80 m
span	10.40 m or 12.00 m
height	2.65 m
Wing area	18.00 m² or 20.00 m²
Wing extension	6.0 or 7.2
Empty mass	600 kg
Takeoff mass	936 kg
Engine	1 × Siemens & Halske Sh 6 with 100 PS (74 kW)
Top speed	150 km / h
Cruising speed	120 km / h
Landing speed	80 km / h
Climbing time to 1000 m	5.00 min
Service ceiling	4000 m
Range	350 km

literature

• Manfred Griehl: Type compass Heinkel aircraft since 1922 . Motorbuch, Stuttgart 2012, ISBN 978-3-613-03424-2 .
• Volker Koos: Aviation between the Baltic Sea and Breitling - Transpress Verkehrsgeschichte , 1990, Berlin, ISBN 3-344-00480-8 , pp. 49–51, 55, 66
• H. Dieter Koehler: Ernst Heinkel - Pioneer of the high-speed aircraft (Die deutsche Luftfahrt Volume 5) . Bernard & Graefe Verlag, 1983, ISBN 3-7637-5281-1 , pp. 53-55, 59, 243, 272
• Heinkel HE 3 and HE 18 - aircraft from AZ . In: AERO - The illustrated compilation of aviation, No. 93, 1985, Marshall Cavendish, p. 2597

Web links

• Gothenburg Aviation Exhibition. Retrieved July 19, 2016 . 

Individual evidence

1. ^ Karl Ries: Research on the German Air Vehicle Role, Part 1 = 1919-1934 , p. 30 f.
2. ↑ whereabouts of D-299 on airhistory.org.uk