Heinkel He 211

Heinkel He 211
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Type:	Feeder airliner
Design country:	Germany
Manufacturer:	Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke
First flight:	Project

The Heinkel He 211 was the project of a 22- to 24-seat twin- engine airliner from the German manufacturer Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugbau GmbH from the late 1950s and early 1960s.

history

He 211A and He 211B

The He 211 goes back to a suggestion by Siegfried Günter , who on May 7, 1957, submitted the concept of a small touring aircraft to management, which should be able to be equipped both with propeller drive by two small gas turbines and with jet engines. For both variants, a transport capacity of two pilots and twelve passengers was provided. As the project name already shows, the connection to the Heinkel He 111 - which could also carry ten passengers - was sought.

The flight safety of the propeller drive was to be increased significantly by providing a compensating coupling shaft between the right and left propellers and connection of the two gas turbines via freewheels. The General Electric J85 was planned as the gas turbine . The maximum speed of around 500 km / h should be significantly higher than that achievable by piston-engine aircraft.

In 1958, the Federal Ministry of Economics announced a competition for a short-haul aircraft that could be used in domestic German traffic. Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugbau GmbH participated with the He 211A with propeller turbine drive. The Lufthansa described the design though as eligible, but not carried out financing of development. Heinkel continued the project at his own risk and in 1961 presented the He 211A with PTL propulsion and He 211B with pure jet propulsion in the form of an aft fan .

He 211A-1 and He 211B-1

As early as July 21, 1958, Siegfried Günter proposed a larger version, also called the He-211, which would transport 19 passengers and be powered by two J85 turbofans (He 211B-1). Another version (He 211A-1) with turboprop propulsion by two Lycoming T53 or T55 connected by a coupling shaft was also planned for this. Günter referred to the design generally as a feeder aircraft, "which with the same fuselage length and half the size of the area as the old He 111 (transports) 18 to 19 passengers versus 10 passengers of the He 111 and (reaches) twice the maximum speed as the He 111".

After the two project studies for the He 211 had been combined, the project was presented to the public at a press conference in March. A comparison of the expected performance and the marketability of the four designs showed a clear advantage for the He 211B-1. With a crew of two, 22 or, with an innovative inclined arrangement of the seats, 24 passengers should be carried. Two General Electric CF700 dual-circuit jet engines were to serve as propulsion . A V-tail unit was provided for control .

Heinkel had already invested DM 300,000 in the design work ; the total costs to make the He 211B-1 ready for series production, however, were estimated at 80 million DM. Since, despite the good sales forecasts, the model did not receive any state funding, further development was discontinued.

Technical specifications

size	He 211B-1 data
crew	2
Passengers	22-24
length	19.15 m
span	14.70 m
height	4.72 m
Wing area	35 m²
Empty mass	5500 kg
Max. Takeoff mass	10,965 kg
Cruising speed	840 km / h at 4000 m
Start distance at 10.7 m	740 m
Landing distance from 10.7 m	640 m
Engines	2 × General Electric CF 700 with aft fan with 18.9 kN each

literature

H. Dieter Köhler: Ernst Heinkel - pioneer of high-speed aircraft. Die deutsche Luftfahrt Vol. 5, Bernard & Graefe Verlag Koblenz, 1983, ISBN 3-7637-5281-1 .
Rolf Wurster: 50 years of German powered aircraft. Books on Demand GmbH, 2001, ISBN 3-8311-1854-X .
World market opportunity for Heinkel? The He 211 is a good concept for a short-haul aircraft. In: Die Zeit , No. 11/1962. "What Ernst Henkel Flugzeugbau GmbH in Speyer has now presented - belatedly, but not yet 'too late' - will perhaps offer the aviation industry in Germany a real export opportunity for commercial aircraft."

Individual evidence

^ Köhler: Ernst Heinkel. P. 236
↑ Business in the Gap . In: Der Spiegel . No. 3 , 1964, pp. 26–33 ( online - cover story on the state of the West German aviation industry).

[1] Köhler: Ernst Heinkel. P. 236

[Spiegeltitel_3/1964-2] Business in the Gap . In: Der Spiegel . No. 3 , 1964, pp. 26–33 ( online - cover story on the state of the West German aviation industry).