Heinrich Bohmcker

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Johann Heinrich Adolph Boehmcker (* 22 July 1896 in Bosau-Braak ; † 16th June 1944 in Hannover ) was a German Nazi party - politicians , SA - Group leader and mayor of Bremen .

biography

Böhmcker was the son of a farmer and attended the Voss grammar school in Eutin . He served as a soldier during World War I before studying law in Kiel, Göttingen and Munich from 1919 to 1921 . He was a member of the Corps Brunsviga Göttingen and Suevia Strasbourg (Marburg 1919). In 1927 he passed the assessor exam and became an independent lawyer in Eutin.

Böhmcker had already joined the Sturmabteilung (SA) in 1925, and membership of the NSDAP followed two years later . Another three years later, in 1930, he was elected to the city council of Eutins and in 1931 to the Oldenburg state parliament . Böhmcker had been Standartenführer and the local head of the SA in Eutin since 1929 . Together with the surgeon Wolfgang Saalfeldt, he was one of the "by far leading" National Socialists in Eutin. Böhmcker was a "Landsknechtsnecht" and was particularly noticeable for his brutal participation in fights, which earned him the nickname "Latten-Böhmcker". In spite of this, or precisely because of this, he became the district president of the Lübeck part of the Free State of Oldenburg , which had had a National Socialist government since June 1932 . In this function he ordered the establishment of the Eutin concentration camp in 1933 , which from October 1934 was partly continued as the Ahrensbök concentration camp . In 1934 Böhmcker became the successor of the disgraced Wilhelm Freiherr von Schorlemer as commander of the SA group North Sea , a territorial formation of the SA with thousands of SA men in 18 northern German cities from Minden to Wilhelmshaven, who were represented in 26 SA standards with approx. 250 SA storms were organized (as of 1936).

In 1936 he founded the Eutin poets' circle , in which "homeland" North German writers maintained close contact with Nazi greats. In the same year he ran unsuccessfully in the election for the Reichstag . After the dissolution of the country part of Lübeck, he was on 16 April 1937 by Reich Governor Carl Röver in the office of Mayor of Bremen used, in place of the ousted from Röver Otto Heider . Senator Theodor Laue criticized this decision and was dismissed as a senator in May 1937. In the following years, however, Böhmcker repeatedly came into conflict with Röver, as Röver wanted to strengthen Oldenburg's position and Böhmcker wanted to strengthen Bremen's position. In 1939 he succeeded in enforcing some territorial changes in favor of the city. On the occasion of Hitler's visit to Bremen on July 1, 1939, which was then canceled, Böhmcker commissioned his colleague Theodor Spitta to write the text "Bremens deutsche Sendung"; the brochure "indulges in combat metaphors, underlines the topos of blood and soil".

On November 9, 1938, Böhmcker was present at a memorial event of the National Socialist leadership in the old town hall in Munich. When the news of the death of the Legation Secretary Ernst Eduard vom Rath arrived, Joseph Goebbels gave an anti-Semitic hate speech in front of the assembled SA and party leaders, in which he made “the Jews” responsible for the death of von Rath. Böhmcker ordered the SA group North Sea , as decided by the NSDAP leadership across Germany, to destroy synagogues and Jewish shops on the night of November 10th ( Reichspogromnacht ). Five people fell victim to this order in Bremen alone and in the Prussian surrounding communities of Platjenwerbe and Groß-Lesum.

1940 Böhmcker became SA-Obergruppenführer . Throughout his entire term of office he stuck to the rough behavior he was already familiar with from Eutin and allowed political opponents to be persecuted with force and without consideration. He died of a heart attack while on a train trip near Hanover.

The Lübeck NSDAP Senator Hans Böhmcker (1899–1942) was his cousin.

See also

literature

  • Kai Artinger: Two Schleswig-Holstein National Socialists in Amsterdam. The story of Heinrich Böhmcker and Dr. Hans Bohmcker. A contribution to the history of the German occupation of the Netherlands . In: Information on Schleswig-Holstein Contemporary History , Issue 49, Kiel 2007
  • Hans Friedl: Böhmcker, Johann Heinrich Adolf. In: Hans Friedl u. a. (Ed.): Biographical manual for the history of the state of Oldenburg . Edited on behalf of the Oldenburg landscape. Isensee, Oldenburg 1992, ISBN 3-89442-135-5 , p. 81f. ( Digital version , PDF; 12.76 MB).
  • Beatrix Herlemann , Helga Schatz: Biographical Lexicon of Lower Saxony Parliamentarians 1919–1945 (= publications of the Historical Commission for Lower Saxony and Bremen. Volume 222). Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hanover 2004, ISBN 3-7752-6022-6 , pp. 49-50.
  • Otto Rönnpag - JH Böhmcker's seizure of power in Eutin 1932 - in: Jahrbuch für Heimatkunde ( Heimatverband Eutin ), Eutin 1995 (pages 101-109).
  • Herbert Black Forest : Böhmker, Johann Heinrich Adolph. In: Historical Society Bremen, State Archive Bremen (Hrsg.): Bremische Biographie 1912-1962. Hauschild, Bremen 1969, p. 56 (column 2) to p. 58 (column 2).
  • Herbert Black Forest: The Great Bremen Lexicon . 2nd, updated, revised and expanded edition. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-86108-693-X .
  • Lawrence D. Stokes : "My little town stands for a thousand others ...". Studies on the history of Eutin in Holstein, 1918-1945 . Struve's Buchdruckerei, Eutin 2004, ISBN 3-923457-72-3 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1996, 23 ; 161 , 180.
  2. ↑ Lawrence D. Stokes: "My little town stands for a thousand others ...". Studies on the history of Eutin in Holstein, 1918-1945 . Struve's Buchdruckerei, Eutin 2004, ISBN 3-923457-72-3 , p. 268
  3. ↑ Lawrence D. Stokes: Small Town and National Socialism: Selected Documents on the History of Eutin 1918-1945 . Neumünster: Wachholtz, 1984 .. (Sources and research on the history of Schleswig-Holstein; Bd. 82.) ISBN 3-529-02182-2 .
  4. ↑ Bremen's German broadcast / Theodor Spitta, ed. in the order d. Reg.-Mayor d. Free Hanseatic City of Bremen SA Group Leader Böhmcker, Bremen, [Archive d. Free Hanseatic City of Bremen] 1939
  5. ↑ http://d-nb.info/576473898
  6. ^ Dyck, Joachim: Benn and Bremen. Bremen 2013, ISBN 9783796110160 , p. 58
  7. ↑ G. Brakelmann: Evangelical Church and the persecution of Jews. Spenner, Waltrop 2001, p. 47f. ISBN 3-933688-53-1 .
  8. ^ Inge Marßolek, Rene Ott: Bremen in the 3rd Reich. Adaptation Resistance Pursuit . With the collaboration of Peter Brandt, Hartmut Müller and Hans-Josef Steinberg. Carl Schünemann, Bremen 1986, ISBN 3-7961-1765-1 , p. 129-130, 340 .
  9. ^ Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung June 19, 1944 .. http://webopac.hwwa.de/digiview/DigiView_PND.cfm?PND=116220805
personal data
SURNAME Böhmcker, Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Böhmcker, Johann Heinrich Adolph (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (NSDAP)
DATE OF BIRTH July 22, 1896
PLACE OF BIRTH Bosau Braak
DATE OF DEATH June 16, 1944
Place of death near Hanover