Heinrich Caraway

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Heinrich Kümmel, drawn by Michael Stohl , Rome 1845
Fisher boy , 1840
Hanover, Waterlooplatz : General-von-Alten monument

Heinrich Kümmel (also: Heinrich August Georg Kümmel and August Georg Heinrich Kümmel ; * February 2, 1810 in Hanover , † December 30, 1855 in Rome ) was a German sculptor of late classicism .

Life

Heinrich Kümmel was the son of the court oven setter Johann Friedrich Kümmel and - after the death of his first wife Anna Dorothea Luise Krieg, daughter of the innkeeper Johann Georg Krieg, who worked on the Lindener Berge - Hanna Dorothea Krieg, the two years younger sister of the deceased . He was the youngest half-brother of Georg Kümmel and a member of the Kümmel family, originally from Upper Hesse . According to the baptismal register , Kümmel was baptized as August Georg Heinrich Kümmel on March 6, 1810 in the Aegidienkirche near Aegidien-Vorstadt and Aegidientorplatz .

Heinrich Kümmel attended the high school in Hanover until he was 15 , after which he received his first artistic training from the sculptor August Hengst . As such, he wanted or should receive drawing lessons from Johann Heinrich Ramberg , but he already had too many students.

The training at Hengst was not enough for the young Kümmel, so he went to Berlin in 1828 - at the age of just 18 , where he continued his training with the brothers Carl and Ludwig Wilhelm Wichmann . Both artists had studied with Gottfried Schadow and worked in Rome and Paris.

The list of his teachers already shows that he was influenced by classicism from the start and that he also worked in this way. One of his first works in 1832/33 was the 'Relief of the Good Samaritan'. It was placed above the entrance door of the 'Linden municipal hospital'. In place of this hospital, the dermatology clinic was built there after the Second World War. The relief has been on the garden side since then.

The good Samaritan as a relief

He had created this relief based on a cursory sketch by his future teacher in Rome, Bertel Thorvaldsen - he succeeded so well that Thorvaldsen is said to have said when he came to Hanover a few years later: “Truly, Caraway did it better than I did have drawn! "

After studying in Berlin, he continued his studies in Rome with the Danish sculptor Bertel Thorwaldsen . Kümmel had had his own studio there since 1836 and was friends with August Kestner , the Hanoverian ambassador to the Vatican. This was the son of Charlotte Kestner (Werther's "Lotte"). Kestner's marble bust (1845) was made by Kümmel. And Kestner, who in addition to his political duties was a great patron, art connoisseur and also an amateur artist himself, also portrayed Kümmel. The friendship with Kümmel even went so far that he provided him with money so that he could, for example, execute a ball racket modeled in marble in 1836 . Kestner then succeeded in finding a buyer for this sculpture, the so-called balloon bat , in the Russian Crown Prince . The figure influenced the Swiss sculptor Ferdinand Schlöth in 1863 when designing such a figure.

After temporarily returning to Hanover, Kümmel founded the Hanoverian Artists' Association in 1842 with August Hengst, Wilhelm Kretschmer and Justus Molthan . Kestner also procured Kümmel the commission for the bronze statue of the “Victor of Waterloo” General Carl von Alten (1764-1840). As can be seen from a letter from Kestner, Kümmel began to work on it in 1845. In 1849 it was installed in front of the Royal Archives on Waterlooplatz in Hanover. Heinrich Kümmel's grave is in the Protestant cemetery at the Cestius pyramid in Rome, where August Kestner and Goethe's son August are also buried.

After his death, the entire estate was donated to the Museum of Art and Science (today's Lower Saxony State Museum ) in Hanover at the request of the deceased . In addition to many small works in plaster and clay, this also included the Amor and Psyche group. Since the museum was unable to bear the costs of the transport from Rome to Hanover, the Hanoverian king at the time took over

Cupid and Psyche

In Hanover, Heinrich-Kümmel-Strasse behind the Nord / LB is a reminder of the sculptor. He grew up at a time when there was still the moat, gardens, sentry box, gate guard and gatekeeper on Aegidientorplatz. In his illustrated book "Hanover in the Picture of the Centuries", Helmut Plath recorded some "Hanoverian anecdotes that were often told" that related to the name of the Kümmel family. Caraway was not just a spice, but above all a sweetened liqueur made from it and widespread in the 19th century .

“The father, it was said, had lost some children at the tenderest ages. The pastor of St. Aegidia announced the death of one son with the words: 'The master of life and death liked to have another little caraway.' It is said of the son that he played a similar game with his name, this time voluntarily, when he wrote it as the artist's signature on the water bottle of the Good Samaritan. "

The water pump next to the gate guard on the old Aegidientorplatz, which can be seen in an oil painting by Georg Wein from 1854, was popularly known as the "Kümmelbrunnen".

literature

  • Nekrolog in Deutsches Kunstblatt 7, 1856, p. 111ff.
  • Wilhelm Rothert : General Hannoversche Biographie , Volume 2: In the Old Kingdom of Hanover 1814–1866 . Sponholtz, Hannover 1914, p. 551
  • JH Müller:  Kümmel, Heinrich . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 17, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1883, p. 368.
  • Helmut Zimmermann : Hanoverian graves in the Protestant cemetery in Rome . In: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter . New series Volume 9, 1955, pp. 131–162, here pp. 145–148.
  • Images from three centuries in Hanover . Kunstverein Hannover, Hannover 1957, pp. 86–89 (von Kümmel's sculptures: Monument to General Count von Alten , bronze, and The Education of Bacchus , marble)
  • Helmut Eichhorn: The Thorvaldsen student Heinrich Kümmel from Hanover . Dissertation Göttingen 1967
  • Alheidis von Rohr : The statue of General Count Carl von Alten in Hanover . In: Low German contributions to art history , Petersberg: Imhof, 1983, ISSN 0078-0537.
  • Harald Tesan: Thorvaldsen and his sculpture school in Rome . Böhlau, Cologne 1998, ISBN 3-412-14197-6
  • Hugo Thielen : Caraway, Heinrich . In: Dirk Böttcher , Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein, Hugo Thielen: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2002, ISBN 3-87706-706-9 , p. 215.
  • Beate Schroedter: Portraits of German artists in Rome at the time of Romanticism ... because you are drawn and measured life-size in the artist book , catalog of an exhibition in cooperation with the Biblioteca Hertziana and the Casa di Goethe in Rome in the Winckelmann Museum Stendal from March 17th until May 25, 2008, ed. on behalf of the Winckelmann Society by Max Kunze ..., Stendal: Rutzen, 2008, ISBN 978-3-938646-29-8

Web links

Commons : Heinrich Kümmel  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ N.v . : Kümmel, Heinrich in the database of Niedersächsische Personen ( new entry required ) of the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Library - Lower Saxony State Library in the version of April 10, 2015, last accessed on October 10, 2019
  2. ↑ a b Helmut Zimmermann : Hannoversche Gräber on the Protestant Cemetery in Rome , in: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter , New Series Volume 9 (1956), pp. 131–161; here: p. 145; limited preview in Google Book search
  3. ↑ n.v . : Kümmel, Anna , in the database of Niedersächsische Personen ( new entry required ) of the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Library - Lower Saxony State Library in the version of April 10, 2015, last accessed on October 9, 2019
  4. ^ Gert Naundorf:  Kümmel (ev.). In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-428-00194-X , p. 211 f. ( Digitized version ).
  5. ↑ Hugo Thielen in: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 285.
  6. ↑ Helmut Eichhorn: The Thorvaldsen student Heinrich Kümmel from Hanover . Dissertation Göttingen 1967, p. 13ff.
  7. ↑ Helmut Eichhorn: The Thorvaldsen student Heinrich Kümmel from Hanover . Dissertation Göttingen 1967, p. 14.
  8. ↑ In the footsteps of August Kestner . Catalog for the exhibition of the same name, March 6 to July 20, 2003, Kestner Museum Hannover. Kestner-Museum, Hannover 2003, ISBN 3-924029-33-4 , p. 11.
  9. ↑ Hermann Kestner-Köchlin (ed.): Correspondence between August Kestner and his sister Charlotte . Strasbourg 1904, p. 222f.
  10. ↑ Hermann Kestner-Köchlin (ed.): Correspondence between August Kestner and his sister Charlotte . Strasbourg 1904, p. 236.
  11. ↑ Stefan Hess : Between Winckelmann and Winkelried. The Basel sculptor Ferdinand Schlöth (1818–1891). Berlin 2010, p. 123f.
  12. ↑ Helmut Eichhorn: The Thorvaldsen student Heinrich Kümmel from Hanover . Dissertation Göttingen 1967, p. 76.
  13. ^ Adelheidis von Rohr: The statue of General Count Carl von Alten in Hanover . In: Low German contributions to art history 22, 1983, pp. 149–162.
  14. ^ F. Schnell: The Museum for Art and Science in Hanover . Hanover 1858, p. 28.
  15. ↑ Helmut Plath : Hanover in the picture of the centuries . Madsack, Hannover 1959, pp. 24-25; see also Helmut Zimmermann : A train through the Leinetal . Pomp & Sobkowiak, Essen 1987, ISBN 3-922693-20-2 , pp. 32-33.
personal data
SURNAME Caraway, Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kümmel, Heinrich August
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German sculptor
DATE OF BIRTH February 2, 1810
PLACE OF BIRTH Hanover
DATE OF DEATH December 30, 1855
Place of death Rome