Jacques Thibaud

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Jacques Thibaud (around 1920)

Jacques Thibaud [ ti'bo ] (born September 27, 1880 in Bordeaux , † September 1, 1953 at Mont Cemet near Barcelonnette , French Alps ) was a French violin virtuoso . He is considered one of the leading chamber musicians of the first half of the 20th century.

Life

Jacques Thibaud was born in Bordeaux in the Gironde department in southwest France in 1880 . He was first taught the violin by his father. He made his first public appearance in his hometown at the age of eight.

At the age of eighteen (1893) he began his studies with the Belgian violinist Martin Marsick at the Conservatoire de Paris , where he was awarded a “Premier Prix” in 1896. He received further violin lessons from Eugène Ysaÿe , a compatriot Marsick. To earn his living, he played in the Parisian cafe Café Rouge in the Latin Quarter standing violin . He made his debut in the orchestra of the Théâtre du Châtelet . He was then discovered by the conductor Édouard Colonne , who hired him as first violinist for his orchestra. In 1898 he made his debut with Camille Saint-Saëns ' La Deluge op. 45 on behalf of the sick concertmaster Guillaume Rémy. In the 1898/99 season he then appeared 54 times and thus worked out a cornerstone for later fame. He made his debut in London in 1899 and in Berlin in 1901 (under Arthur Nikisch ). In 1903 he gave a concert at Carnegie Hall in New York, which was followed by a tour of the USA. He later made further concert tours to North and South America, Asia and Australia.

During the First World War he was wounded in the Battle of Verdun . During the Second World War he did not give any concerts in Nazi Germany.

Although Thibaud was also successful as a soloist - he was a sought-after Mozart interpreter - his real interest lay in chamber music . The musicologist Stefan Drees qualified him for his "slim tone, the excellent technique, the elegance of his presentation and his feeling for the use of timbres". Thibaud played a. a. with his teacher Eugène Ysaÿe in a quartet. He dedicated his solo sonata op. 27 No. 2 (1923) to him. He formed his first trio with his brothers, a pianist and a cellist. Together with Alfred Cortot (piano) and Pau Casals (violoncello) he formed what is probably the most famous piano trio in music history from 1905 to 1933 . It had its focus on the classical-romantic repertoire, but also advocated the French music of impressionism . In addition to Ysaÿe, George Enescu (sonata for violin and orchestra Dr. 2) and Enrique Granados ( Danzas españolas and sonata for violin and piano) wrote pieces for him. In 1925 he gave the world premiere of Gabriel Fauré's string quartet with Robert Krettly (violin), Maurice Vieux (viola) and Anton Hekking (violoncello) .

In 1940 he entered the music institute of the pianist Marguerite Long . With Long he founded the Concours international Marguerite Long - J.Thibaud for violinists and pianists in 1943 . Thibaud taught at the École Normale de Musique de Paris and as part of summer courses in 1951/52 at the Accademia Musicale Chigiana in Siena, Italy.

Thibaud first played on a Carlo Bergonzi violin , then on a Stradivari violin (1720, formerly owned by René Baillot ).

Ten days before his death, Thibaud gave his last concert in the French community of Biarritz . On the way to Tokyo, he was killed on September 1, 1953 in a plane crash on Mont Cimet in the French Alps, not far from the Italian border. In addition to Thibaud, other people, including a. his daughter-in-law. Thibaud's Stradivarius was destroyed in the crash.

Awards and honors

In 2004 a string quartet of the same name was founded in his honor in Berlin. The conservatory in Bordeaux was named after him.

Discographic notes

Together with Cortot and Casals he played the following piano trios:

He also performed Johannes Brahms ' Double Concerto op. 102 at EMI in 1929 with Casals and the Orquestra Casals under Cortot . In 1951 he recorded Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's violin concertos KV 216, 218 and 219 with Doremi with the Orchester Radio Symphonique de Paris under George Enescu . In 1991 EMI published again piano trios from the period from 1926 to 1929. In the 1990s and 2000s recordings were made by Koch, Biddulph and Appian.

Fonts

  • Para il mio violino . Antonioli, Milan 1946.
  • Un violon parle. Souvenirs de Jacques Thibaud . Edited by J.-P. Dorian. Ed. Blé qui lève, Paris a. a. 1947 / Ed. del Duca, Paris 1953.

literature

Web links

Commons : Jacques Thibaud  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Walter Willson Cobbett, Noël Goodwin:  Thibaud, Jacques. In: Grove Music Online (English; subscription required).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Alain Pâris: Classical music in the 20th century: instrumentalists, singers, conductors, orchestras, choirs . 2nd, expanded and completely revised edition. dtv, Munich 1997, ISBN 3-423-32501-1 , p. 789.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Stefan Drees:  Thibaud, Jacques. In: Ludwig Finscher (Hrsg.): The music in past and present . Second edition, personal section, volume 16 (Strata - Villoteau). Bärenreiter / Metzler, Kassel et al. 2006, ISBN 3-7618-1136-5  ( online edition , subscription required for full access)
  4. ↑ a b Jacques Thibaud , in Internationales Biographisches Archiv 14/1955 of March 28, 1955, in the Munzinger Archive ( beginning of article freely accessible)
  5. ↑ a b Walter Kolneder : The book of the violin: construction, history, play, pedagogy, composition . Schott, Mainz 2012, ISBN 978-3-7957-9156-8 , p. 555.
  6. ↑ Brockhaus- Riemann Music Lexicon . CD-ROM, Directmedia Publishing, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-89853-438-3 , p. 10422.
  7. ↑ a b Jacques Thibaud. long-thibaud-crespin.org, accessed March 24, 2019.
  8. ^ Edgar A. Haine: Disaster in the Air . Cornwall Books, New York a. a. 2000, ISBN 0-8453-4777-2 , pp. 211f.
  9. ^ Jürgen Stegmüller: The string quartet. An international documentation on the history of string quartet ensembles and string quartet compositions from the beginning to the present (= source catalogs for music history . Volume 40). Noetzel, Wilhelmshaven 2007, ISBN 978-3-7959-0780-8 , p. 132.
personal data
SURNAME Thibaud, Jacques
SHORT DESCRIPTION French violinist
DATE OF BIRTH September 27, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Bordeaux
DATE OF DEATH September 1, 1953
Place of death at Mt. Cemet in the French Alps