Lange, who was able to collect several titles as German youth and junior champion, made his international debut at the age of fourteen at the Nordic Ski Games of the OPA 2010 in Eisenerz . He won the silver medal in the student competition directly in second place behind Tom Lubitz and in front of Andreas Wellinger . With the relay, he just missed the medal ranks. In the following years he regularly took part in youth competitions. The Alpine Cup in particular represented an important competition format in the development of the young athlete. As early as January 2011, he took second place in Hinterzarten for the first time on the podium in this OPA competition series . At the European Olympic Winter Youth Festival 2011 in Liberec , he finished fourteenth in the individual and also won silver with David Welde behind the Austrian duet in the team sprint. About a week later he won the gold medal with the team at the Nordic Ski Games of the OPA 2011 in Baiersbronn . A year later he was able to defend this title at the Nordic Ski Games of the OPA 2012 in Žiri and Pokljuka and win the silver medal behind Paul Gerstgraser in the youth competition. He celebrated his first Alpine Cup victory in the sprint at the end of September 2012 in Oberstdorf .
With these successes from the youth field behind him, Lange started for the first time in Park City in the Continental Cup in mid-December 2012 . He was able to more than justify this nomination with three placements in the top ten, including a fourth place. At the Junior World Championships in January 2013 in Liberec, he won the gold medal with the German team (consisting of Michael Schuller , David Welde and Manuel Faißt ). In the individual competitions he finished ninth and tenth. A short time later, Lange started the World Cup for the first time in Almaty in February 2013 , but just missed out on the points. For the rest of the season he therefore competed in the Continental Cup again, where he was able to provide consistently strong performances. Last weekend in Rovaniemi he finally reached the podium in the team sprint as third together with Andreas Günter and in the Gundersen individual over 15 kilometers as second behind Alessandro Pittin . He finished seventh in the overall standings.
After starting the Grand Prix unsuccessfully in the summer of 2013 , Lange gained his self-confidence for the following winter with a win in the Alpine Cup at the end of September. At the start of the 2013/14 season, Lange was part of the German squad at the World Cup kick-off in Ruka . There he won his first four World Cup points. A week later he achieved his best result of the season with twelfth place in the Gundersen Singles in Lillehammer . At the Junior World Championships in 2014 in Val di Fiemme he finished second with the team and seventh and tenth in the individual starts. He finished the season in 39th place in the overall World Cup ranking.
In the following season 2014/15 , Lange, who shortly before won his first championship title at the German championships in team sprint with Johannes Rydzek , was a constant part of the World Cup team. Just to go to the Junior World Championships in Almaty , he refrained from simultaneous World Cup starts. The Junior World Championships turned out to be his most successful, so that he won two silver and one bronze. In the overall World Cup ranking, he achieved 30th place. In the winter of 2015/16 , Lange also regularly reached the points. In February 2016, the tears in the inner ligament and meniscus during the competition in Seefeld meant an early end of the season. At least the injury healed well, so that he was able to celebrate his comeback in the Grand Prix in the summer . Nevertheless, he was initially unable to fully build on the performance of previous years, although he was able to achieve the points in the 2016/17 World Cup again and again . In mid-February 2017, he finally caused a big surprise when he finished fourth in the Gundersen Singles in Sapporo .
At the beginning of the 2017 Grand Prix , he and Vinzenz Geiger finished third in the team sprint in Oberwiesenthal on the podium. For health reasons, however, he had to take a longer break from training and competitions in the 2017/2018 season. He was struggling with a metabolic disease . In December 2018 he returned to competitive sports as part of the Continental Cup . Overall, he reached the podium twice in the Continental Cup, both individually and with the team, which he finished in fifth place overall. His season highlight was his comeback to the World Cup team at the competitions in Klingenthal at the beginning of February 2019, where he was able to collect World Cup points on both competition days.
At the beginning of summer 2019, Lange competed in the Grand Prix . At the Gundersen Singles in Oberwiesenthal , he was twelfth for the first time in his career as the best DSV starter in a competition in the highest category. In the overall standings, he finally finished 41st. In mid-December 2019, Lange won his first competition in the second-rate Continental Cup . After he went on the trail as fifth after jumping in the Utah Olympic Park Jumps in Park City , he didn't give the competition with the best running time a chance. On the next two days he could not be beaten in either the mass start or the Gundersen singles. A week later, Lange was used in the World Cup race in Ramsau , where he scored eight points and achieved his best World Cup result in more than two and a half years. In the further course of the season, Lange started again in the Continental Cup, the overall ranking of which he ultimately won by a large margin.