Johann Carl Bonnet

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Johann Carl Bonnet (born March 22, 1737 in Meisenheim , † February 16, 1786 in Obermoschel ) was a German poet and pastor .

Life

Youth and education

Johann Carl Bonnet was born as the seventh child of the beer brewer and host “Zum Hirsch” in Meisenheim , Johann Friedrich Bonnet and his wife Susanne Elisabeth Bonnet, née Fuchs. From his descendants there were six pastors in two hundred years.

Johann Carl Bonnet studied theology in Halle (Saale) and matriculated in Marburg on October 22, 1756 .

First activities

On October 30, 1759, Johann Carl Bonnet was ordained by the Princely Palatinate-Zweibrücken Evangelical Reformed Upper Consistory in Odenbach and assigned to the parish of Obermoschel as parish vicar . He only worked in Obermoschel for a few months. As early as February 13, 1760, the senior consistory appointed him to the vacant position at the grammar school in Bergzabern as a Latin preceptor (teacher).

Fields of activity

On March 1, 1766, Johann Carl Bonnet married Sophie Charlotte Wernher, born on June 24, 1744, the daughter of Carl Philipp Wernher, pastor and inspector of Bergzabern. The couple had six children. His son Carl Friedrich Bonnet (* July 19, 1767; † January 8, 1833) was pastor in Wörth am Rhein , in Achtelsbach and in Wolfersweiler . His son Johann Friedrich Carl Bonnet (* February 25, 1773, † October 28, 1856) was a pastor in St. Goar . Sophie Charlotte Bonnet died on December 17, 1780. From July 20, 1766 to July 1, 1777 he was pastor to Niederkirchen (Ostertal) , where he wrote the chants Dombach and Tiefenbach in the book from 1767 to 1768 Songs, odes and chants are printed. On October 15, 1782, Johann Carl Bonnet married Katharina Elisabeth Röbel (* August 18, 1747 - June 15, 1811), the daughter of the conductor Johann Wilhelm Röbel from Kaiserslautern . From July 1777 to February 1785 Bonnet was pastor in Nünschweiler near Zweibrücken and from March 1, 1785 pastor in Obermoschel.

Johann Carl Bonnet began his literary work at the age of 26 with the writing Observatio exegetica ad Matthew 3.7 , an exegetical reflection on Matthew 3. 7 in Latin, which he published in 1763. In 1764 he wrote a dissertation on the Tower of Babel and the confusion of languages. Nine further Latin treatises on subjects from the Old and New Testaments followed by 1778. All Latin publications appeared in the Bibliotheca Bremensi Nova in Bremen , Amsterdam and Leiden (city) .

On the Devil's Quarrel in the Late Enlightenment , his first German work was published in Frankfurt am Main in 1776 , the humble answer of a lowly country clergyman , an anonymous answer to Heinrich Martin Gottfried Koster's humble request for instruction to the great men . Köster, a theologian and professor of history in Giessen, had provoked lively disputes and discussions with his work on the essence of the devil in the late Enlightenment, which are still going on today.

In a letter to a friend, Johann Carl Bonnet wrote the humble country clergyman's answer to the author's instruction of the humble request to the great men who believe no devil .

In 1979, Bonnet's Tales from Heaven appeared . In the first-person narration, the author encounters the spirit of his earthly childhood and school friend. The two were separated on earth for a long time because the friend had gone to East India. The friend reports on his return journey from East India. There he made many fortunes and sailed a ship to Holland to please his relatives.

Johann Carl Bonnet also wrote the play Eudore, a shepherd tragedy in 1779. The play is about the unfortunate outcome of the love between Eudore, a young shepherdess and Eurytion, her lover.

In 1781 Bonnet composed the two odes Der Herbst and Horaz'en's 24th Ode . His first book Poems was published in 1782. Bonnet published the volume on the anniversary of the funeral of his wife Sophie Charlotte Bonnet, b. Wernher, dedicated to his father-in-law, Karl Philipp Wernher, the pastor and inspector of Bergzabern.

On September 6, 1784, Johann Carl Bonnet held a funeral and memorial speech for Carl August Friedrich, the Hereditary Prince of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, who died young on August 21, 1784. He also wrote a poem on the occasion, which he sent to Duke Charles II August Christian and his wife. In 1784 he received a gold pocket watch from the Duchess Maria Amalie of Saxony (1757–1831) for the "dreary" funeral sermon in memory of the most illustrious, Hereditary Prince Carl August Friedrich .

His volume of poems Lieder, Oden und Gesänge appeared posthumously in 1786 , in which Johann Carl Bonnet a. a. also published this poem. The second poem in the book is also a dedication poem that Bonnet dedicated to his friend Georg Christian Crollius , the rector of the Zweibrücker Gymnasium, on the death of his son-in-law, the classical philologist Professor Embser on November 25, 1783.

family

Johann Carl Bonnet married Sophie Charlotte Wernher, born on March 1, 1766. on June 24, 1744, the daughter of Carl Philipp Wernher, pastor and inspector of Bergzabern.

The couple had three daughters and three sons:

  • Carl Friedrich Bonnet (born July 19, 1767 - † January 8, 1833) pastor in Wörth am Rhein, Achtelsbach and Wolfersweiler
  • Wilhelmine Bonnet (8 October 1770 - May 1785)
  • Johann Friedrich Carl Bonnet (born February 25, 1773 - † October 28, 1856) pastor in St. Goar
  • Susanne Katharina Bonnet (March 18, 1775 - March 28, 1777)
  • Karoline Sophie Katharina Bonnet (April 18, 1777 - March 8, 1843)
  • Ludwig Christian Philipp Bonnet (March 2, 1780 - December 18, 1826)

From the marriage with Katharina Elisabeth Bonnet, b. Röbel, came out a son:

  • Franz Friedrich Carl Bonnet (January 2, 1785 - August 1, 1841)

Works

Works written in Latin

From 1763 to 1778 Bonnet published theological works, initially written in Latin, in Bremen , Amsterdam , The Hague and Leiden :

  • Exegetical reflection on Matthew 3. 7 (1763), Bibliotheca Bremensi - State and University Library Bremen (Bremen and Amsterdam)
  • Discourse on the miraculous story of the confusion of languages ​​at the Tower of Babel (1764), Bibliotheca Bremensi - State and University Library Bremen (Bremen and Amsterdam)
  • Historical discourse on Jer. 25 - Contemporary history, in which the years of the rule of Nebucadnezzar, the king of Babylon, and of the Judean kings Jojakimi, Jechonja and Zedikiae are compiled (1766), Bibliotheca Bremensi - State and University Library Bremen (Bremen and Amsterdam)
  • Some reflections on the names of the Hebrew god (1772), Bibliotheka Hagana (Amsterdam and Lugdunum Batavorum - Leiden (city))
  • Brief exegetical note on the correct meaning of the word dichotomein in Matthew 24. 51 and Lucas 12. 46 (1772), Bibliotheka Hagana (Amsterdam and Lugdunum Batavorum - Leiden (city))
  • Exegetical reflection on the expression bridegroom , Exodus 4. 24–26 (1773), Bibliotheka Hagana (Amsterdam and Lugdunum Batavorum - Leiden (city))
  • Contemplation on the division of animals in Genesis (Genesis) 15.10 & Jeremiah 34.18 (1773), Hagana Library (Amsterdam and Lugdunum Batavorum - Leiden (city))
  • Observation on Joshua XIV. 2.3 (1778), Hagae Comitum - The Hague

Poetry

  • The imperfection of earthly pleasures
  • About the sufferings of the pious
  • The autumn
  • The beginning of winter
  • A winter thought
  • On New Years Day
  • The spring
  • The thunderstorm
  • The Traumdeuterey
  • My satisfaction and dissatisfaction
  • Envy
  • Humility and pride
  • Adam
  • The blissful old age
  • Horace's 24th Ode
  • The mother
  • When H. Professor Embser died
  • In the Merze
  • Father's joy
  • Invitation to the country
  • To my friend
  • The country life
  • To the truth
  • A remedy for anger
  • Evening prayer
  • Morning prayer
  • The goodness of God
  • The Dombach
  • The Tiefenbach

prose

Songs, odes and chants
  • Most humble answer from a minor country clergyman , 1776
  • The minor clergyman's answer to the instruction , 1777
  • Tales from Heaven , 1779, Frankfurt / M.

drama

  • Eudore, a shepherd tragedy

Books

  • Poems , 1782, Frankfurt / M. and Leipzig
  • Sermons , 1782, Frankfurt / M
  • Songs, odes and chants , 1786, Zweibrücken and Basel

literature

  • Johann Friedrich Hirt : Wittembergische new oriental and exegetical library 1st part . Jena 1776, p. 90 and 99 ( gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de ).
  • Friedrich Nicolai : Appendix to the 25th to 36th volumes of the general German library, 6th and last section, songs, odes and chants. Berlin and Szczecin 1780.
  • Carl Christian Kümmel: Journal for Preachers. Halle 1782, p. 350 ( ds.ub.uni-bielefeld.de ).
  • Johann Christian Giesecke: Handbook for Poets and Litterators. Magdeburg 1793, p. 206 ( books.google.de ).
  • Johann Georg Meusel : Lexicon of the German writers who died from 1750 to 1800. Volume 1, Leipzig 1802, p. 514 ( books.google.de ).
  • Johann Wilhelm Immanuel Heinsius : General Books Lexicon. Leipzig 1812.
  • Heinrich Rodewald : A mourning poem for the Zweibrückischen Hereditary Prince Karl August Friedrich. In: West Palatinate History Papers, monthly of the historical association for the West Palatinate. No. 8, 23rd year, 1934.
  • Otto Jung: Johann Karl Bonnet, the poet of the Palatinate "Christian idyll". In: Palatinate home sheets. Year 3, 1955, Speyer,
  • Georg Biundo : The evangelical clergy of the Palatinate since the Reformation. Neustadt an der Aisch 1968.
  • Eugen Rapp: The Protestant Church Obermoschel: its story with the gospel. In: Series of publications by the Department of Local History in the Obermoschel Cultural Association. 1988.
  • Klaus Zimmer: Chronicle of the Middle Ostertal. Volume 2, Heimat- und Kulturverein Ostertal eV, Niederkirchen iO, St. Wendel 1993.
  • Viktor Carl: Lexicon of Palatinate personalities. 3. revised and exp. Ed., Edenkoben, 2004, ISBN 3-9804668-5-X .
  • Joachim Conrad: Saarland biographies, Internet presentation of the BVB Bavarian Library Association. 2007.
  • Dirk Fleischer: Religious History of the Early Modern Age. Volume 19: Devil's Struggle in the Late Enlightenment. Nordhausen 2013, ISBN 978-3-88309-857-9 ( opacplus.bib-bvb.de ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Georg Biundo: The evangelical clergy of the Palatinate since the Reformation. Volume 15, Verlag Degener & Co., Neustadt an der Aisch 1988, p. 44 No. 506.
  2. ↑ Eugen Rapp: The Protestant Church Obermoschel. Verlag Franz Arbogast, Otterbach (West Palatinate) 1988, p. 82, ISBN 3-87022-122-4 .
  3. ↑ Georg Biundo: The evangelical clergy of the Palatinate since the Reformation. Volume 15, Verlag Degener & Co., Neustadt an der Aisch 1988, p. 44 No. 507.
  4. ^ Johann Christian Giesecke: Handbook for Poets and Litterators. 1. Part, Verlag des Verfassers, Magdeburg 1793, p. 206.
  5. ^ Heinrich Martin Gottfried Köster: Humble request for instruction to the great men who do not believe the devil. Giessen 1775 ( reader.digitale-sammlungen.de )
  6. ↑ Dirk Fleischer: Religious History of the Early Modern Age. Volume 19: Devil's Struggle in the Late Enlightenment. Verlag Traugott Bautz GmbH, Nordhausen, 2013, ISBN 978-3-88309-857-9 , p. XLIV.
  7. ^ Heinrich Rodewald: A mourning poem for the Zweibrückischen Hereditary Prince Karl August Friedrich. In: West Palatinate History Papers, monthly of the Historical Association for the West Palatinate. No. 8, 1934.
  8. ^ Otto Jung: Johann Karl Bonnet. The poet of the Palatinate "Christian idyll". In: Palatinate. Homeland bl. 3, 1955. p. 93.
  9. ↑ Johann Valentin Embser was Bonnet's student in Bergzabern.
  10. ↑ Most humble answer from a lowly country clergyman
  11. ↑ The minor clergyman's answer to the instruction
  12. ↑ Tales from Heaven 1
  13. ↑ Eudore, a shepherd tragedy
  14. ↑ poems
  15. ^ Songs, odes and chants
personal data
SURNAME Bonnet, Johann Carl
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German poet and pastor
DATE OF BIRTH March 22, 1737
PLACE OF BIRTH Meisenheim (Rhineland-Palatinate)
DATE OF DEATH February 16, 1786
Place of death Upper moschel