Christian Heinrich Rinck

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Christian Heinrich Rinck

Johann Christian Heinrich Rinck (* 18 February 1770 in Elgersburg in Ilmenau ( Thuringia ); † 7. August 1846 in Darmstadt ) was a German composer of the Romantic .

Vita

Rinck monument in Elgersburg

Johann Christian Heinrich Rinck came from a family of teachers in Thuringia. From 1784 to 1786 he lived in Geraberg in what is now the Thermometer Museum and then became a student of Johann Christian Kittel , who was still a student of Johann Sebastian Bach . Rinck decided not to pursue further studies and instead took an initially low-paid position as city organist in Gießen from 1790 . In 1803 he was promoted to university music director there . Rinck was cut off from German musical life in Giessen (see his autobiography) and therefore tried to leave the city before the turn of the century. In 1805 a call followed and with it the move to Darmstadt ; there he became cantor and organist of the city church, later court organist and chamber musician of Grand Duke Ludwig I. In addition, Rinck worked as a music teacher at the pedagogy, which later became Ludwig-Georgs-Gymnasium , and as an influential music critic. Rinck was buried in Darmstadt's old cemetery (Darmstadt) (grave site: IB 11).

Christian Heinrich Rinck was considered one of the best organists of his time early on, was consulted as an organ expert and went on several concert tours. Rinck achieved a significant reputation as a composer of organ music, especially as the author of the six-volume Practical Organ School op. 55, which was widely used worldwide until the inflation in 1923 (the economic end of the Rinck Foundation) . The Schott publishing house made Rinck's popularity its own by publishing him commissioned the production of the first piano reduction of Ludwig van Beethoven's Missa solemnis . In 1840 he was made an honorary doctorate from the University of Giessen . His students included Adolf Friedrich Hesse and Wilhelm Reuling .

As a contemporary of Mozart , Beethoven and Schubert , Christian Heinrich Rinck was a fruitful composer who combined elements of baroque polyphony , classical and early romantic in his personal style. Organ works predominate among his 129 works with opus numbers. Rinck is considered to be an outstanding personality in the history of church music in the 19th century, particularly with organ music and his organ teachings. Rinck was world famous well after his death. His fame only faded with the Bach renaissance of the 1920s, which classified the 19th century as “dark” and inferior to baroque church music. Only since about two decades - in the course of the re-employment with church music of the 19th century - has the work of Johann Christian Heinrich Rinck been increasingly rated higher and in line with its former importance. The Christian-Heinrich-Rinck-Gesellschaft Darmstadt e.V. is committed to the revival of his work. V. a. Important publishers for Rinck's works today are Verlag Dohr in Cologne and Edition Musica Rinata in Berlin.

Compositions

In 1833 Rinck was given the opportunity to write his autobiography and have it printed. The autobiography Rinck contains an authored by himself works, also some information on other, unpublished works. Rinck divides his work into three categories: (I) organ works; (II) piano and chamber music; (III) vocal works. As a result of his appointment to Darmstadt, the organ works gained in importance compared to the piano and chamber music works, which Rinck himself dismissed as “compositions for my students”. It was only with the emergence of Catholic Cecilianism that Rinck, who was a friend of Hans Georg Nägeli , began to devote himself increasingly to the composition of vocal music , especially sacred choral music .

Among the organ works, his organ schools (Practical Organ School op. 55) and his choral friend, published by Schott-Verlag with six years and two supplements, have achieved outstanding importance. Der Choralfreund is an anthology of all Protestant choral melodies common in Germany as a subscription-based collection of chorale adaptations that also take regional melodic inflections into account. Rinck, acting in the spirit of Bach, can definitely be seen as the one who shaped Protestant church music for the 19th century.

style

Rinck was a style pluralist. He combined the influences of baroque counterpoint with the new sound concepts of classical and romanticism . Especially in his piano music there are clear echoes of the musical Biedermeier. In his Practical Organ School op. 55 , the plurality of styles was intended to ensure the most comprehensive training possible despite Rinck's sole authorship. By publishing numerous organ compositions (approx. 1000 individual pieces, always put together by Rinck in collections for publication), he made an important contribution to the renewal and improvement of Protestant organ music at the beginning of the 19th century.

reception

Rinck remained famous long after his death, not least because of his setting of the poem Hoffmann von Fallersleben 's poem Evening Will Be Again . This was ensured by the work of the Rinck Foundation, which was particularly committed to promoting the Practical Organ School op. 55. As a result of capital destruction in the course of inflation, the Rinck Foundation was closed in 1923.

Since 1996 the Christian-Heinrich-Rinck-Gesellschaft Darmstadt e.V. has been committed to the revival of his work. V. in cooperation with the Dohr Cologne publishing house . An important impetus here was the award at the Rinck Festival in Cologne in 2003 with the special prize of the German Music Edition Award 2004 awarded by the German Music Publishers Association to the Dohr publishing house for exceptional publishing achievements. In 2006 the Rinck Days took place in Darmstadt.

Rinck Collection

Rinck's library, which contained 473 music titles, mostly handwritten scores by other composers and some pieces from the Bach family, was auctioned in 1853. Lowell Mason , an American collector, bought them at the time. After his death, the Rinck Collection came to Yale University as part of Mason's collection of more than 1,000 scores , where it is still located today.

Works

Piano works
  • XXX two-part exercises through all keys (30 Exercices à deux parties dans tous les tons) op. 67. Verlag Dohr
  • New edition of the piano variations, critical rev. New edition. Book 1: Rejoice in Life Op. 39; The little bird op. 61; Brothers encamp in the circle op. 44; Book 2: If you go warriors, go from there op. 51; Said to Steffen in the dream op. 62; Book 3: Andante con Variatione o.op. (1798) for pianoforte or clavichord. Publishing house Dohr
  • Deux Sonates pour Piano = Forte à quatre mains op. 50 in F major and op. 86 in B flat major (“d'une difficulté progressive”). Publishing house Dohr
  • Six Menuets et Trios pour Pianoforte à quatre mains op. 13. Verlag Dohr
  • Douze Menuets et Trios op.79 (Klav. 4hd.) Verlag Dohr
  • Trois Sonates à quatre mains op. 26. Verlag Dohr
  • Trois Divertissements (d'une difficulté progressive) op. 36. (Klav. 4hd.) Verlag Dohr
  • Trois Divertissements à quatre mains d'une difficulté progressive op. 41. Verlag Dohr
  • Variations op. 102: Five variations on the Cavatine "After so much suffering" by Rossini op. 102,1; Five variations on the folk song “It can't always stay like this” op. 102,2 (Klav. 4hd.). Publishing house Dohr
Chamber music
  • Piano trio in E flat major o.op. (1803) for violin, violoncello and piano. Publishing house Dohr
  • Three piano trios op. 32 (1812) for violin, cello (“ad libitum”) and piano. Publishing house Dohr
  • Three piano trios op. 34 (1834) for violin, cello (“obligés”) and piano. Publishing house Dohr
  • Sonata in G major for flute and piano (based on the “Flute Concerto” for organ from op. 55, 5th volume no. 8), arranged by Oliver Drechsel . Publishing house Dohr
  • Sonata très facile for violin and piano (harpsichord) No. 1 in B flat major. Publishing house Dohr
  • Sonata très facile for violin and piano (harpsichord) No. 2 in G major. Publishing house Dohr
  • Three sestetti. (First print). Publishing house Dohr
Organ works
  • Selected Organ Works (Reprint), ed. by Jens-Michael Thies: Douze Preludes pour l'orgue op. 25; Twelve Organ Pieces, Op. 29; Three epilogues for the organ op. 78; Nine Variations and Finale Op. 90; 15 easy fugal epilogues op. 114. Verlag Dohr
  • Practical Organ School op.55 (6 volumes, edited by W. Volckmar) Verlag Dohr (Reprint)
  • Small and easy organ pieces op. 1. Berliner Chormusik-Verlag / Edition Musica Rinata
  • Twelve short and easy organ pieces op. 2. Edition Musica Rinata
  • 12 Adagios for Organ , Op. 57
  • 40 Small, Easy and Mixed Organ Preludes , Op. 37
  • Collection of preludes and reenactments for use in public worship, composed and edited by Dr. CH Rinck, Grand Ducal Hessian court organist in Darmstadt. Opus: 129. Fifth edition. Darmstadt. Publishing house and property of Johann Philipp Diehl. (The 2nd edition was published in 1853, the 4th edition in 1871)
Vocal works
  • Six sacred songs for voice and organ (or piano) op. 81. Verlag Dohr
  • Mass / Missa op. 91 (Latin and German text) for choir, solos (ad libitum) and organ. Edition Musica Rinata and Verlag Dohr
  • Lord, I always stay with you. Psalm 73. Motet for four voices (choir and solos) with obbligato organ accompaniment op. 127. Edition Musica Rinata and Verlag Dohr
  • Prayer for the deceased op. 71. Motet for four voices (choir and solos) and obligatory organ accompaniment. Publishing house Dohr
  • Charfreytags cantata for solos, choir and organ op. 76. Verlag Dohr
  • Commit your ways to the Lord op. 85. Motet for soloists, choir and organ. Edition Musica Rinata and Verlag Dohr
  • Praise the Lord my soul. Motet for four voices (choir and solos) and obbligato organ accompaniment op. 88. Edition Musica Rinata and Verlag Dohr
  • God be gracious to us and bless us! Motet for solos, choir and organ op. 109. Verlag Dohr
  • Hallelujah by Pfeffel op. 63. Motet for soprano, alto, tenor and bass with accompaniment of the pianoforte. Publishing house Dohr
  • Our father for soprano, alto, tenor, bass and obligatory organ. Edition Musica Rinata and Verlag Dohr
  • Christmas Cantata op.73. Edition Musica Rinata
  • God cares for us op. 98 cantata for choir and organ. Edition Musica Rinata

See also

literature

Sound carrier (selection)

  • Works for Organ : Concertstück, op. 33; Six Variations on a Theme by Corelli , op. 56; Trio in b minor; Choral and seven variations on "Be very happy, o my soul", flute concerto in F major, from op. 55; Theme (Andante) and variations on " Heil dir im Siegerkranz ". Ludger Lohmann , organ at Weingarten Abbey . Naxos 8.553925 (1996)
  • Works for piano Vol. 1 : Eight variations on "Brothers, lie down in a circle" op. 44; Six variations on "The Little Bird" op. 61; Eight Variations on "Rejoice in Life" op. 39; Eight variations on "To Steffen spoke in the dream" op. 62; 30 Exercices à deux Parties [XXX two-part exercises through all keys] op. 67 (part 1). Oliver Drechsel , piano (fortepiano by Christian Erdmann Rancke , Riga approx. 1820). Dohr publishing house , 2002.
  • Works for piano Vol. 2 : 30 Exercices à deux Parties [XXX two-part exercises through all keys] op. 67: Selection (part 2); Deux Sonates pour Piano = Forte à quatre mains op. 50 in F major and op. 86 in B flat major ("d'une difficulté progressive"); Trois Divertissements à quatre mains d'une difficulté progressive op. 41. Oliver Drechsel, piano (fortepiano by Christian Erdmann Rancke, Riga approx. 1820), Egino Klepper, piano (Secondo). Dohr publishing house, 2003.
  • Works for Organ Vol. 1 : Free Organ Pieces from the "Practical Organ School" op. 55: Prelude and Fugue in C major, Andante F major, Postplay in G major, Andante F sharp minor, Postplay in E major, Andante c sharp Minor, Prelude in E minor, Moderato in G major, Postplay in C major, Fantasy and Fugue in C minor, Prelude in F major, Moderato in D minor, Postplay in B major, Andante A flat major, Postplay in F minor, Andante C minor, Moderato F minor, prelude and fugue in B flat major on BACH. Jens-Michael Thies, organ by Bernhard Dreymann (1834) of the Protestant church in Biebesheim / Rhein. Dohr publishing house, 2004.
  • Charfreytag cantata. Choral music for Passion, Death and Perfection : Lord, I will always stay with you op. 127; Praise the Lord my soul op. 88; Charfreytags cantata op. 76; Death Celebration op. 68; Prayer for the Dead op. 71; God be gracious to us op. 109, Commit your ways to the Lord op. 85; Preludes in F minor op.120.22, B minor op.120.23, A major op.120.4, E minor op.120.8 for organ. capella piccola, head of Thomas Reuber; Jens-Michael Thies, organ. Dohr publishing house, 2004.

Web links

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personal data
SURNAME Rinck, Christian Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rinck, Johann Christian Heinrich (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German composer of the Biedermeier period
DATE OF BIRTH February 18, 1770
PLACE OF BIRTH Elgersburg (Thuringia)
DATE OF DEATH August 7, 1846
Place of death Darmstadt