Johann Gehmacher

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Archbishop's Palace
Baroque staircase
Inaugural levels
Szentendre, main square with the Church of the Annunciation
Michaelerkolleg, portal
Michaelerkolleg, grand staircase, Kaiserstein

Johann Gehmacher (* 1716 in Holzhausen near Salzburg; †  March 30, 1782 in Kaisersteinbruch , Hungary, today Burgenland) was a Salzburg master stonemason and sculptor . The Gehmacher family is present in Salzburg to this day.

As an immigrant, he founded one of the important stonemason families in Kaisersteinbruch.

Life

From birth, Johann Gehmacher was subject to Prince Franz Anton von Harrach , the incumbent Archbishop of Salzburg , who was a major builder and commissioned the architects Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach , Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach and Johann Lucas von Hildebrandt in Salzburg.

The boy learned the stonemason trade in the main hut in Vienna and was acquitted as a journeyman on September 17, 1741 in front of the open drawer by the master Jacob Jäger .

Five years later, on November 20, 1746, the stonemason acquired the property of the late master stonemason Franz Trumler , a stone quarry and two houses , in the imperial quarry on Leithaberg near Vienna . This shows a certain financial independence, because most of the time you got into the stonemasonry through marriage .

This independence is also documented in the fact that the young master married the 22-year-old Viennese Elisabeth Kazisbergerin, architect daughter of Bartholomäus, master builder in the suburbs and mother Magdalena, in the Kaisersteinbruch Church on August 13, 1749 . The witnesses were Johann Baptist Regondi , judge and master stonemason, and Carl Mayer, royal thirties in the imperial quarry . Through this marriage Viennese stonemason orders were secured. Elisabeth died on March 16, 1756.

Their inventory documents the activity in Vienna through outstanding accounts of the master stonemasons Gabriel Steinböck , Franz Joseph Steinböck , Franz Wasserburger and Georg Andreas Högl , a nephew of court stonemason Elias Hügel . Work was carried out in the church in Klein-Schwechat.

On May 4, 1756, he married 18-year-old Theresia Turinsky in the chapel of Königshof Palace , the seat of the manorial administration.

The sons

  • September 19, 1751: Johann junior, mother Elisabeth, learned the stonemason trade with master Carl Wasserburger in the Viennese building works and was acquitted in 1772. He married Euphrosina Fischer, not in Kaisersteinbruch, she was the daughter of a master builder and master stonemason family. A daughter was born in 1779 and a three-year-old son had since died. He was the landlord in the stately inn . They left the imperial quarry, he opened a large granite quarry in Mauthausen in 1781 , and in his death register Mauthausen, dated November 8, 1821, (which can only be found under 1822), he was referred to as a master stonemason.

In 1761/1762 the master acquired two stone quarries, one from Maria Regina Synnin , the other after the death of Johann Baptist Regondi. In 1766, Regondi's entire property, quarries and houses including gardens, came into the possession of the couple. Gehmacher was the first in Kaisersteinbruch.

Judicial office

In 1747 Judge Joseph Winkler was honorably dismissed from office at the age of 82 and Johann Baptist Regondi was appointed his successor. This was the last "Regondi", a third generation Italian in Kaisersteinbruch. Court stonemason master Elias Hügel held office for a second term in 1750/1751 . He was followed by Johann Michael Strickner and in 1766 the brotherhood elected Johann Gehmacher. It was an unwritten rule that immigrants exercise the office of judge, either by marrying the judge's widow or by successfully practicing independence.

He was the acting judge until 1777, when he was not followed by a stonemason for the first time with the master weaver Gregor Nagl. Gehmacher died on March 30, 1782 at the age of 66. In the land register , the entire economy is registered on the widow. There were two quarries, three houses, orchards, herb and forest gardens. Theresia died on January 25, 1820 at the age of 82.

The masters of the Kaisersteinbruch stonemasonry

Gehmacher served as judge from 1766 to 1777, his co-masters in these years in the craft of stonemasons and masons in Kaisersteinbruch were Johann Michael Strickner, Joseph Annon , Joseph Stockmayer, Johann Cassar , Franz Leopold Winkler .

Works

Archival material

literature

  • Albert Schatek: Chronicle of the "Mannersdorfer Desert" . Typewritten copy. 1935/1936.
  • Helmuth Furch : 400 years of the Kaisersteinbruch . In: Festschrift . Urbarium, 1990, p. 30. ISBN 978-3-9504555-1-9 .
  • Anneliese Keilhauser: Hungary. Culture and art in the land of the Magyars . DuMont, Cologne 1996, ISBN 3-7701-2096-5 , p. 178.
  • Ernst Hochberger: The big book of Slovakia . Hochberger, Sinn 1997, ISBN 3-921888-08-5 , p. 292.
  • Helmuth Furch: The Gehmacher family . In: Messages from the Kaisersteinbruch Museum and Culture Association . 1999. ISBN 978-3-9504555-3-3 .
  • Helmuth Furch: Historical Lexicon Kaisersteinbruch . Volume 1. Museum and Culture Association, Kaisersteinbruch 2002, ISBN 978-3-9504555-8-8 , pp. 155–160 ( digitized version ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Holzhausen near Salzburg according to the marriage register from 1749 in Kaisersteinbruch in Burgenland; Until 1803 a Holzhausen in Teisendorf in the Rupertiwinkel belonged to the prince-archbishopric of Salzburg . There are no walkers to be found in the registers of St. Georgen bei Salzburg-Holzhausen.
  2. ↑ The Kazisberger (Katzlsberger) came from Salzburg, like Gehmacher himself.
personal data
SURNAME Gehmacher, Johann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Salzburg-Austrian stonemason master of the baroque, judge in Kaisersteinbruch
DATE OF BIRTH 1716
PLACE OF BIRTH Holzhausen
DATE OF DEATH March 30, 1782
Place of death Kaisersteinbruch