Joseph von Eybler

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Joseph Edler von Eybler, lithograph by Johann Stadler, 1846
Joseph von Eybler's grave in Schwechat

Joseph Leopold Edler von Eybler (born February 8, 1765 in Schwechat near Vienna, † July 24, 1846 in Vienna ) was an Austrian composer .

Life

Joseph Eybler received his first music lessons from his father, at the age of six, with the help of the civil servant Josef Seitzer, he got a place in the renowned St. Stephan boys' seminar in Vienna, where Joseph and Michael Haydn had already received their training as choirboys. From 1777 to 1779 he received lessons from Johann Georg Albrechtsberger, later also from Joseph Haydn . For financial reasons, he had to give up law studies and began his life as an instrumental teacher and musician. He played the organ , french horn , viola and baryton and composed. Musically groundbreaking were his string quintets . In addition to Joseph Haydn, who certified him with a certificate of excellent talent on June 8, 1790, his sponsors also included Cardinal Christoph Anton von Migazzi and Gottfried van Swieten , but above all Empress Maria Theresia, who found him a job as court music teacher.

Eybler was friends with Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart , who visited him in May 1790 in Schwechat and gave him a certificate. In 1791, Mozart's widow initially commissioned him to complete the fragmentary requiem , which, however, after Eybler's aborted attempt to supplement it, was finally completed by Franz Xaver Süßmayr . Eybler became choir director of the Carmelites in 1792, then (1794 to 1824) in the Schottenstift in Vienna.

In 1804 Eybler was appointed vice court conductor alongside Antonio Salieri . On October 27, 1806 he married Theresia Müller (1772-1851). This marriage had two children, daughter Theresia (1806-1809) and son Josef (1809-1856), who married Maria Edle von Simonyi (1818-1889), sister of the Imperial and Royal Field Marshal Lieutenant Moriz Simonyi de Simony et Vársány on May 22, 1843 . After Salieri's retirement in 1824, Eybler took over the position of court conductor. On February 23, 1833, Eybler suffered a stroke during a performance of Mozart's Requiem, which led to permanent paralysis. He was ennobled in 1835 because of his services as director of the Vienna court orchestra and as a composer.

He died in Vienna at the age of 81 and was buried at the General Währinger Friedhof . After the cemetery was closed, his body was earthed and buried in the family grave in the central cemetery in 1923. After the grave was abandoned, the remains were provisionally buried in 1935 at the parish cemetery "Klein-Schwechat" on Alanovaplatz in Schwechat. Today's grave site was built in 1953. In 1894, Eyblergasse in Vienna- Döbling (19th district) was named after him. In 1922, a memorial plaque with a portrait relief was attached to the composer's birthplace at Hauptplatz 5 in Schwechat, which was renewed in 1971.

Works (selection)

  • L'épée enchantée (The Magic Sword) , Opera, Vienna 1790
  • The shepherds at d. Nativity scene at Bethlehem , Oratory, 1794
  • The Four Last Things , Oratorio, 1810
  • Requiem , 1802
  • Concerto for clarinet and orchestra in B flat major

literature

Web links

Commons : Joseph von Eybler  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Austrian National Library, note: 47841
  2. ^ Austrian National Library, note: 84510
  3. ^ Ulrich Leisinger : Epilogue to the Stuttgart Mozart edition. Carus 51.626 / 03
personal data
SURNAME Eybler, Joseph von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Eybler, Joseph Leopold Edler von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian composer
DATE OF BIRTH February 8, 1765
PLACE OF BIRTH Schwechat near Vienna
DATE OF DEATH July 24, 1846
Place of death Vienna