Catholic parish church St. Martin (Kaltenbrunn)
The Roman Catholic parish church of St. Martin is located in the Upper Palatinate market of Kaltenbrunn , today a district of Weiherhammer . The church is the main church of the Catholic parish of Kaltenbrunn.
history
The church is already mentioned when Duke Rudolf von Sachsen awarded Kaltenbrunn the certificate of freedom in 1344. The tithe levies are also mentioned for the pastor in Kaltenbrunn. Added is an early measurement Foundation , with the income from Pachstall (now Neumühle at Dürnast was doped) and the Schickenhof. The occupation rights for the pastorate was Parkstein . In 1461 the Salbuch of the Community Office Parkstein-Weiden says, "Item it is annually on Ulrichstag sends Kirchtag to Khaltenbrunn" , d. H. there must have already been a church at that time, but its patronage was St. Ulrich . The first pastor of Kaltenbrunn was a Martin, who was replaced by a Johannes Regeldorfer from Weiden after his death on August 17, 1372 . In memory of the first pastor, the patronage was changed to St. Martin .
The church used to have a defensive function, as can be deduced from the old church wall, which was provided with loopholes . The deep moat around the church was filled in in 1700 and the churchyard wall torn down in 1815. Around the church was the old cemetery, which was used for burials until 1763. But already in 1634 a plague cemetery was created outside the village.
Count Palatine Ottheinrich introduced the Reformation in his Duchy of Palatinate-Neuburg with his religious mandate of June 22, 1542 and according to the principle of " Cuius regio, eius religio ", the subjects had to become Lutheran. Since Ottheinrich inherited the Elector Friedrich II , who had remained childless , he also became ruler of the Upper Palatinate in 1556 and also introduced Lutheranism here . This change also means that many religious decorations in the churches disappeared, as nothing was to remind of the papist era. The last Catholic pastor Gregor Schildknecht had to leave Kaltenbrunn. But before that, Lutheranism had spread among the population, in 1524 the preacher Erhard Weigel worked here (until 1536), he was supported by a second priest named Adam Klotz , who worked as an early knife in Kaltenbrunn from 1528 to 1545. From 1542 to 1558 Johann Stopfer was the local pastor; he was educated and ordained a catholic, but became evangelical in 1540. In 1557 he was married in Kaltenbrunn. His deacon and later pastor was Johann Lebhard , trained at the University of Wittenberg , who worked here until his death in 1568. From 1568 to 1596 he was followed by Vitus Vogel as a pastor in the parish ; he too had studied in Wittenberg, had been ordained in Amberg and first worked as a pastor in Freihung . The parish registers were introduced under him . Nikolaus Glaser was his successor from 1592 to 1626 . In addition, Sebastian Heberlein from Kemnath , an expelled pastor from Bohemia , was employed as vicar in 1625 , and the pastor's position was also transferred to him in 1627. As the events at the beginning of the Thirty Years' War brought the Upper Palatinate to the Catholic Elector Maximilian I and the latter initiated the Counter-Reformation with a strict hand , the last Protestant pastor soon had to leave Kaltenbrunn and Sebastian Heberlein joined the Swedes as field preacher .
Under Vice Chancellor Simon von Labrique , the Catholic religion was reintroduced on August 24, 1627 and pastor Johann Pölzl from Duggendorf was installed here. By the end of the Thirty Years' War, four other Catholic priests followed him. With the peace treaty in 1648, the Protestant parishes for the Parkstein-Weiden office were reintroduced as they had existed in the "normal year" of 1624. That means that the Catholic Magister Josef Steudel had to give way to the Protestant pastor Johannes Ludovici ; he worked here until 1682 and then moved to Mantel , where he died in 1683.
Under Duke Christian August von Sulzbach , the Simultaneum in the Parkstein-Weiden office was resolved on February 22nd, 1652 with the "Cologne settlement" and also introduced on November 22nd, 1662 through the "Heidelberg settlement". In Kaltenbrunn this came into effect on May 28, 1663, i. H. Both religions were granted the same rights and shares in the churches, land, etc., which means that the Lutheran pastors had to cede half of their possessions to the Catholic Church. Mixed marriages children had to become Catholics as a religious balance was sought.
The church had not been in good shape since the end of the Thirty Years War, the tower had become so dilapidated that around 1660 the bells had to be removed. But it wasn't until 1737 that a new building began. The foundation stone for the tower and the choir was laid on May 22, 1738. Serious construction defects occurred during the reconstruction: the choir vault was not built at a right angle to the nave and the four sides of the tower were not of the same length. The two denominations argued for some time about the reconstruction; only when the government had promised a legacy of 500 fl in 1755 did the new building begin . In addition, a conflagration in Kaltenbrunn on October 29, 1756 destroyed a large part of the market, and so there was a good opportunity to start building the church. Another major fire on June 4, 1760 also put down the Lower Market of Kaltenbrunn and delayed the reconstruction of the church. The tower with onion dome could be provisionally completed in 1773, the roofing with sheet metal was not possible until 1789. The planned installation of a church tower clock initially failed because the contracted clockmaker from Grafenwöhr could not get the clock to work. It was only able to work after a repair by the master locksmith Bielmeier from Kaltenbrunn .
Negotiations to dissolve the Simultaneum began as early as after the First World War . Many legal and financial problems had to be solved. Finally, the Catholic parish decided to build a new and larger church, as the previous simultaneous church has become too small for its number of believers. A building site on the market square in Kaltenbrunn was acquired for the new building. On October 16, 1932, the contract to dissolve the Simultaneum was signed and the Catholic parish received a clearance for the transfer of the old church to the Protestant community. The foundation stone for the new church was laid on June 5, 1933. Under architect Franz Xaver Wittmann from Vohenstrauß the church in half a year and was built on 12 November 1933, the cathedral minister was Michael Höfner the church benedizieren . As before, the patronage was given to St. Dedicated to Martin of Tours . The consecration took place on August 12, 1934 by Bishop Michael Buchberger .
Construction
The new church is a hall church with a gable roof and a retracted rectangular choir . The 32 m high and square (6.60 × 6.60 m) church tower is a flank tower that is covered with a pyramid roof. The church is 39.6 m long and 14.2 m wide, the clear height is approx. 9.50 m; it offers space for around 400 visitors.
Between 2004 and 2006 the church was extensively renovated outside and inside. At the end of the work, she was blessed again on November 12, 2006 by Auxiliary Bishop Vinzenz Guggenberger .
Interior
The baroque high altar from the former simultaneous church was built in 1757 by the Sulzbacher sculptor Michael Barmann and transferred to the new church, one side altar comes from the sculptor Lamprecht from Schlicht and was taken over with the other in the new church. The main altar shows the mantle division of the church patron. The altarpiece is made up of the figures of St. Florian , St. Stephen , St. Jacobus and St. Surrounded Sebastian . The gilded tabernacle was made by the Regensburg church blacksmith Josef Ebentheuer and depicts the Annunciation . The left altar is an altar of Mary, next to the representation of the Blessed Mother are the figures of St. Augustine and St. Ulrich . On the right side altar is the image of John Nepomuk from the figures of the apostle Judas Thaddäus and St. Franz Xaver accompanied.
On the east wall in the choir are the representation of Maria Immakulata and St. Josef . The painter Georg Winkler from Regensburg created a way of the cross in 1934 , consisting of 14 cross-way panels.
organ
In 1934 an organ was installed by the Siemann company from Munich . The opus 478 in the company's history has 17 stops , divided between two manuals and a pedal .
Bells
In November 1942, three of the four bells were removed for war purposes and melted down, only the smallest bell remained in the church. After the end of the Second World War , the Hamm bell foundry from Regensburg was commissioned to create a new bell. On July 23, 1950, the four new bells were inaugurated; the small bell that had existed up until then was abolished as it no longer fit into the ringing. The bell now consists of a trinity , Marien , Martin and Michael bell . In 1955 the bell was electrified.
literature
- Krauß Helmut, Georg Liedl: Kaltenbrunn Market: Kaltenbrunn, an Upper Palatinate market community and its eventful history . Religion and Church, pp. 182–220. Weiherhammer community 2010.
Web links
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 49 ° 39 ′ 19.1 ″ N , 11 ° 56 ′ 44.9 ″ E