Monastery Zirc

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Cistercian Abbey Zirc
Aerial view of the abbey
Aerial view of the abbey
location HungaryHungary Hungary
Veszprém county
Lies in the diocese Archdiocese of Veszprém
Coordinates: 47 ° 15 '44 "  N , 17 ° 52' 30"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 15 '44 "  N , 17 ° 52' 30"  E
Serial number
according to Janauschek 		464
Patronage Assumption Day
founding year (1. 1182 ) (2. 1659 )
Year of dissolution /
annulment 		1526
Year of repopulation 1659
Mother monastery Heinrichau Monastery
Primary Abbey Morimond
Congregation Cistercian Congregation of Zirc

Daughter monasteries

Kutjevo Monastery

The Zirc Monastery (lat. Zircium / Abbatia Zircensis ; also Boccan ) is a Cistercian abbey in Zirc in the Bakony Forest in Veszprém County and north of the city of Veszprém in Hungary , on the Cuha stream.

history

The monastery was probably founded in 1182 by the Hungarian King Bela III. probably donated on a former royal estate and settled by the Clairvaux Primary Abbey . The abbey quickly became one of the most famous in Hungary. In 1232 Kutjevo Monastery was built as a subsidiary monastery in today's Croatia . However, it began to decline at the end of the 15th century. In 1526 it was destroyed in the Turkish Wars . Then the Podmaniczky family received the monastery. The monastery, which was uninhabited for a long time, fell into the future . In 1647 the abbot Matthäus Kollweiss von Stift Lilienfeld received the monastery from the Pressburg baron Johannes von Heder (of the von Heder family) and in 1660 a new abbot was appointed. In 1678 the monastery came under the jurisdiction of Klostermarienberg . In 1699 the Heinrichau abbot Heinrich Kahlert acquired the Zirc monastery from Lilienfeld abbot Sigismund Braun. The buildings were then restored. The abbots of Heinrichau administered the Zirc monastery in personal union. After the monastery became a priory, it became an independent abbey again in 1814. In the period that followed, it was merged with the Pásztó Monastery and the Pilis Monastery, and in 1878 with the Szentgotthárd Monastery . The abbey operated u. a. five high schools. In 1923 the Zirc Congregation was established. After the Second World War , part of the convent fled to Spring Bank in Wisconsin (USA) and in 1956 a monastery was established in Dallas, Texas, which was elevated to an abbey in 1963. The monastery, which was dissolved in 1950 and whose church became a parish church, was reoccupied in 1989 and has residences in Eger , Baja , Budapest , Pécs and Székesfehérvár .

Abbots

Buildings and plant

The coat of arms of Zirc , outside the coat of arms of Heinrichau (cross of Morimond), in the middle the old coat of arms of Zirc, a crane with a raised foot holding a stone (symbol of vigilance). The four abbot staffs symbolize the four abbeys Zirc, Pilis, Pásztó and Szentgotthárd

The baroque monastery complex was built from 1732 to 1752 after the mediaeval complex had survived the Turkish period tolerably and was still fairly upright in 1699. The early Gothic medieval abbey church was 52 m long and had two pairs of chapels on the transept. Outside the current monastery complex there is still a bundle pillar from the northern nave.

Zirc Abbey Church

With the laying of the foundation stone in 1732, work was carried out on the 6 m deep foundation until 1738, the church building was erected by 1751 and the interior decoration and jewelry work was done by 1770. On the south side the church is connected with the Cistercian abbey. The sober east and north façade, structured with flat pilasters and high segmented arched windows, shows exposed brickwork with gray and pink stones. The west facade, next to the main front of the monastery, has two mighty baroque towers, which were raised in 1854 and equipped with stone helmets in 1858. The main portal with columns made of Várpalota marble shows the monogram of the Blessed Virgin in the portal gable. Above it is a large window on which the coat of arms of the Heinrichau and Zirc Abbey was placed. Above in the roof gable is a figure of the Holy Virgin Mary in a wall niche. A double cross is placed on the gable.

The vaulted vestibule shows three paintings from the life of the Blessed Virgin, the Conception of the Virgin Mary, the Birth of the Virgin and the Annunciation from 1753. In the course of the restoration from 1995 to 2005, Ferenc Innocent made the overpainting in dark tones from the vault painting in the nave Removed in 1891. Here the original bright, cheerful youthful paintings were restored, which the painter Josef Wagmaister from Pest created in the nave from 1744 until his death in 1748.

The high altar bears the altarpiece of the Assumption by Franz Anton Maulbertsch .

literature

  • Ambrosius Schneider: Article Zirc in Lexical overview of the male monasteries of the Cisterciens in the German language and cultural area , in: Ambrosius Schneider, Adam Wienand, Wolfgang Bickel, Ernst Coester: Die Cistercienser - Geschichte, Geist, Kunst , 3rd edition 1985, Wienand Verlag Cologne 1986, p. 699, ISBN 3-87909-132-3 .
  • Ferenc Leontius Hervay: Repertorium Historicum Ordinis Cisterciensis in Hungaria (Bibliotheca Cisterciensis 7, Roma 1984) 208–233.
  • Levente F. Hervay O.Cist., Jusztin P. Lékai-HOCist: The abbey church in Zirc. Photos: Károly Szelényi, Lajos Róka and the restorers (1995–2005), computer reconstruction of the medieval church: Csaba Benkö, Bernát Bérczi O.Cist., German translation by Andreas Neutsch, Mirjam Dinkelbach O.Cist .; Cistercian Abbey Zirc 2007, ISBN 978-963-06-2553-1 .

Web links

Commons : Kloster Zirc  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Monastery Zirc in the Biographia Cisterciensis
  2. ↑ List of abbots
  3. ↑ The abbey church in Zirc. 2007, see literature