Kohlmarkt fountain

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The fountain today.
Photo around 1885: In the background (from left to right): the Haus zur Sonne , the Haus zur Rose and the old Haus zum Stern, which was demolished in 1894 .

The Kohlmarktbrunnen , also called Ulrichsbrunnen in the late Middle Ages , is located on the Kohlmarkt in Braunschweig . The under monument protection standing ornamental fountain was 1868/69 by the architect Oskar Sommer in the style of Neo-Renaissance built.

history

The Kohlmarkt is a central market square in the soft image of the old town . It is one of the oldest settlement areas within Braunschweig. The oldest settlement-historical finds can be dated to the 9th century.

Precursor well

The existence of a fountain on this square is documented for the first time in 1391. This fountain was named Ulrichsbrunnen after the Ulrici or St. Ulrichs Church (demolished in 1544) located just a few meters away on the Kohlmarkt . It was a drinking water fountain whose appearance is unknown. Like the forerunner of today's fountain on the old town market , which is not far away , it was also fed with water from the Jödebrunnen . How long this well existed is unknown. In 1570 the fountain at this location is said to have been (partially) gilded .

Between 1660 and 1662 the fountain at that time was extensively restored or redesigned. Various craftsmen were rewarded as follows:

Painting by Ludwig Tacke from 1894: It shows, among other things, the predecessor fountain, probably created by Hermann Scheller.

“For a water stone 18 shillings; for stones for the well 8 marks 17 shillings; the Schmidt ( sic! ) Bartold Becker for work 36 marks, the fountain maker Elias 48 marks; Tip the same 2 marks 12 shillings; the sculptor 2 marks 12 shillings; the can-maker Hansen Gieseken for 80 pounds of lead 4 marks or 5 thalers; the stonemason and sculptor Hermann Scheller for the things that came to the water fountain at the Kohlmarkt when a horse with the Neptuno [sic!] 13 thalers, the pillars on which buttons sit, 8 thalers, two lions 6 thalers, two pyramids 3 Thaler and the town's coat of arms twice at 1 thaler. To the pipe drill 1 mark 24 schillings; for 8 large and 16 small buttons for this fountain 3 Mark 2 Schilling; for 47¾ pounds of oil, as used in the troughs by the well, 2 marks 16 shillings; the master mason Niclas, so these troughs built, for work 4 Marks 24 Schillings; Hans Gieseken the jug maker for 21 cents [sic!] 46 pounds of lead, used for the pipes to the fountain on the Kohlmarkt and also laid outside the city, 16 marks 3 shillings; the companion tip 3 shillings; Master Hartmann the painter for the work done on the fountain, when the head on it was gilded with his gold and 8 large wings (those of Neptune's horses) at 3 marks. "

- Emil Ferdinand Vogel: Antiquities of the City and State of Braunschweig ... , p. 26.

Appelt and Müller suspect the reason for this extensive and for the city - after the end of the Thirty Years War - very costly work to be an increased need for cleanliness within the urban population after the plague epidemic of 1657/58 .

Description of today's well

Photo from 1904: In the center of the Kohlmarktbrunnen. On the right the new "Haus zum Stern" built in 1894.
One of the eight tritons.

After the fountain on the Kohlmarkt was no longer needed for the drinking water supply from 1865, it was decided to build a new ornamental fountain at this point according to the design by Wolfenbüttel architect Oskar Sommer , who took over the original outline and fittings , but the fountain slightly to the northeast displaced. With this design, Sommer had won first prize in the tender . The summer fountain is made of ivory-colored stone. The low octagonal, circumferential bucket forms the base. The main pool, which is also octagonal, rises within this pool, but cannot be seen. This central part is limited by eight protruding square columns. On top of each of the columns is a kneeling Tritone from bronze , which, slightly bent back in the conch blows, he is holding in the raised left hand, wherein a jet of water in the upper shell passes. The right hand hangs down and appears to be holding a large coin or something similar. The putti- like Tritons have a bare upper body, wear a leaf-like apron and have a scaly lower body that ends in a fish tail. Halfway up the front of each column is a bronze lion head spouting water.

The fountain tapers towards the top. The next level is a large round stone bowl into which water overflows from a smaller bowl above, which in turn is fed by a fountain at the top of the fountain from a vase. At the foot of the round central part, which carries the two bowls and the vase at the top, there are again four water-spouting lion heads. The octagonal middle part, including the columns, as well as the central round part and the bowls are richly decorated.

During renovation work after the end of the Second World War , the well was moved a little to the northwest again.

See also

literature

  • Wilhelm Appelt, Theodor Müller : Water arts and waterworks of the city of Braunschweig. In: Braunschweiger workpieces. Volume 33, Orphanage Printing and Publishing, Braunschweig 1964, OCLC 5037379 .
  • Wolfgang Kimpflinger: Monuments in Lower Saxony. Volume 1.1 .: City of Braunschweig. Part 1. (= monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . ) Hameln 1993, ISBN 3-87585-252-4 .
  • City of Braunschweig, Bauverwaltung (Hrsg.): Investigation into the building history of the Kohlmarkt. (= Urban design in Braunschweig. ) Braunschweig 1980, OCLC 256207412 .

Web links

Commons : Kohlmarktbrunnen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hermann Dürre : History of the city of Braunschweig in the Middle Ages. Braunschweig 1861, p. 690. ( digitized version )
  2. ↑ a b c d Paul Jonas Meier , Karl Steinacker : The architectural and art monuments of the city of Braunschweig. 2nd, expanded edition, Braunschweig 1926, p. 52.
  3. ↑ a b Wolfgang Kimpflinger: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . Architectural monuments in Lower Saxony. Volume 1.1 .: City of Braunschweig. Part 1, p. 94.
  4. ↑ Emil Ferdinand Vogel : Antiquities of the City and the State of Braunschweig: based on mostly unused manuscripts and with illustrations. Braunschweig 1841, OCLC 844208384 , p. 26.
  5. ^ Hermann Dürre: History of the city of Braunschweig in the Middle Ages. Braunschweig 1861, pp. 483-490.
  6. ^ Wilhelm Appelt, Theodor Müller: Water arts and waterworks of the city of Braunschweig. P. 33.
  7. ↑ a b City of Braunschweig, Bauverwaltung (Ed.): Investigation of the building history of the Kohlmarkt. P. 14.
  8. ^ Deutsche Bauzeitung , Volume 28, Berlin 1894, p. 101.

Coordinates: 52 ° 15 ′ 45 "  N , 10 ° 31 ′ 11.7"  E