Staudinger power plant

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Staudinger power plant
Aerial view of the Staudinger Großkrotzenburg power plant
Aerial view of the Staudinger Großkrotzenburg power plant
location
Staudinger power plant (Hesse)
Staudinger power plant
Coordinates 50 ° 5 '17 "  N , 8 ° 57' 8"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 5 '17 "  N , 8 ° 57' 8"  E
country Germany
Waters Main
Data
Type Steam power plant
Primary energy Fossil energy
fuel Unit 5 and, previously, Units 1, 2 and 3 hard coal ; Unit 4 natural gas
power 510 megawatts (+ 622 megawatts)
owner Uniper Kraftwerke GmbH
operator Uniper Kraftwerke GmbH
Project start 1960s
Start of operations 1965
Energy fed in per year 5,500 GWh
Website www.kraftwerk-staudinger.com
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The Staudinger power plant is a mainly hard coal -fired steam power plant near Großkrotzenburg in the state of Hesse , near Hanau , directly on the Main . It is named after the first chairman of the PreussenElektra supervisory board , Hans Staudinger , and is operated by Uniper Kraftwerke GmbH. Since the 2011 made decommissioning of the Biblis nuclear power plant is the largest power plant in Hesse, the vast majority, however, is no longer in operation.

Technical equipment

The power plant has five units, all of which still exist, but only Unit 5 is regularly operated. A planned sixth block was canceled in 2012 for economic reasons. Units 2 and 3 were finally shut down on December 31, 2012, the former after a long period of inactivity; Unit 1 followed after the end of the heating season on April 30, 2013. Since then, only unit 5, which is powered by hard coal and has an electrical output of 510 megawatts, has been in regular operation. Unit 4, which runs on natural gas, can only be used by the Federal Network Agency and the network operator to ensure network stability.

There is an electrified track connection to the Main-Spessart-Bahn for the delivery of coal with block trains , the main part is delivered by ship via the Main.

Blocks of the Staudinger power plant
block combustible
material		 El. net
power		 commissioning
acceptance		 breastfeeding
interpretation		 commitment
1 Hard coal 249 MW 1965 2012/2013 1 Medium load, district heating
2 Hard coal 249 MW 1965 2001 (cold reserve) / 2012 Medium load, district heating
3 Hard coal 293 MW 1970 2012 Medium load
4th Natural gas, heating oil 622 MW 1977 2012/2020 2 Peak load
5 Hard coal 510 MW 1992 Base load, district heating
6th Hard coal 1055 MW Abandoned planning Base load, district heating
1 Reserve to secure district heating until April 30, 2013
2 Reserve of the Federal Network Agency until 2018

Blocks 1, 2 and 3

The power station from the Limes Bridge

Units 1 and 2, which are identical in construction and each with a capacity of 249 MW, were commissioned in 1965, and Unit 3, with a net output of 293 MW, in 1970, each as a medium-load power plant, and closed on December 31, 2012. Block 1 was kept ready for operation beyond this date until April 30, 2013 to secure the district heating supply.

All three blocks were used to generate medium-load electricity , while Block 1 and Block 2 were also used to extract district heating. Unit 2 was transferred to the cold reserve in April 2001 and was no longer used until it was formally shut down.

In 2006 E.ON (now Uniper) announced that it would finally shut down Staudinger 1 and 3 as well as Unit 2, which has not been in operation since 2001, on December 31, 2012. At this point in time, the company assumed that Staudinger 6 would start operations in 2012. Because Unit 6 was not expected to go into operation before 2016 as of 2010, E.ON decided in autumn 2010 to revoke the waiver at least for Unit 1. The Darmstadt regional council approved this request in May 2011. On August 31, 2011, the Federal Network Agency recommended that Unit 3 should continue to be operated until at least March 31, 2013 due to the electricity bottlenecks expected in the winter of 2012/2013 when older nuclear power plants were shut down.

In December 2012, the Darmstadt Regional Council announced, contrary to an earlier decision, that Unit 1, as well as Units 2 and 3, would have to be shut down as planned by the end of 2012. The basis for this decision was E.ON's dismissed complaint regarding the continued operation of the Datteln power plant , where E.ON, like the Staudinger power plant, initially applied for the old units to be shut down and later withdrawn them. This court decision is also binding for the Staudinger power plant; the operating license will therefore expire on January 1, 2013, since the decommissioning declaration given by E.ON cannot be reversed despite later revocation. This means that the later requested extension of the operating time of Unit 1 is not possible. Because no other reserve was available to secure the district heating supply in Hanau and Großkrotzenburg in the 2012/2013 heating period, the continued operation of Unit 1 was tolerated until April 30, 2013.

Units 1 and 2, which were operated with through-flow cooling, each have two 38-meter-high fan cooling towers , which could be switched on in summer heat or when the water level in the Main is low, in order to reduce the load on the river from heated cooling water. Unit 3, which has a 50 meter high fan cooling tower, could be operated in both continuous and closed loop cooling mode. The chimneys of blocks 1, 2 and 3 are each 195 meters high.

The chimneys of blocks 1 and 2, which are made of bricks in the upper part, are to be largely dismantled by the end of 2018. The chimneys are dilapidated and pose a risk of falling rocks. The dismantling of the disused blocks 1 to 3 and the concrete chimney of block 3 is currently still open due to the high costs. It should only take place when there are interested parties for reuse of the site no longer required for power plant operation.

Block 4

Chimneys and cooling towers, on the far right the cooling tower of Block 4

Unit 4 is fired with natural gas and is used to generate peak load electricity . The most powerful unit at the site, with a net nominal output of 622 megawatts, was put into operation in 1977. The cooling tower of Block 4 is 128 meters high, its chimney is 250 meters high, making it the highest chimney in Hessen. In 2009 the inside of the cooling tower of Block 4 was renovated, followed by renovation of the outer walls in 2011. In the course of the external renovation, the cooling tower was given a new coat of paint in light gray with a sky-blue ring in the upper half.

In May 2012, the Financial Times Deutschland reported that E.ON was planning to shut down Unit 4 and three gas-fired power plants in Bavaria in 2013 due to a lack of profitability. Reports in this regard were initially denied by E.ON. At the end of 2012, E.ON announced that it wanted to shut down the unit and canceled it from participating in the electricity market on December 1, 2012. Based on an agreement with the Federal Network Agency , which declared the block to be systemically relevant, E.ON kept Block 4 operational until the end of the first quarter of 2016. On February 2, 2015, the Federal Network Agency complied with the application by the transmission system operator TenneT TSO to extend the systemic relevance of the Staudinger 4 block by two years from the end of the first quarter of 2016 until May 2, 2018. With the decision of the Federal Network Agency on September 1, 2017, the systemic relevance of Unit 4 was confirmed for a further two years until May 4, 2020. The approach to the block has been controlled by the Federal Network Agency and the network operator TenneT since December 2012. The operational readiness of Unit 4 is also guaranteed during the summer shutdown of Unit 5, which will apply from 2018.

Block 5

Thermal circuit diagram of Staudinger power plant, block 5

The 510 megawatt block 5 was put into operation in 1992. It is used to generate base load electricity , and district heating is also extracted. A special feature of block 5 is that it does not have a chimney, but the cleaned flue gases are emitted via the 141-meter-high cooling tower . It is fueled by hard coal and the co-incineration of municipal and municipal-like sewage sludge (three percent). Every year 60,000 tons of sewage sludge are incinerated, corresponding to 10% of the total amount that occurs in Hessen. In block 5, a maximum of 19 tons of petroleum coke per hour are disposed of by incineration.

On May 12, 2014, after a steam pipe was torn down, there was an explosion in the boiler, as a result of which several holes were torn in the facade. Block 5 was then shut down. The cause was a broken component on a boiler circulation pump. The damage is estimated at 25 million euros, the downtime is not included. After Block 5 had completed a trial run on January 6, 2015, it resumed regular operation on January 15, 2015 with the approval of the Darmstadt Regional Council.

In October 2017, the operator Uniper applied to the Federal Network Agency to shut down the power plant during the summer months from June to August. This regulation will initially apply from 2018 to 2020. The background to this is the power plant's poor financial situation. According to Uniper, the economic situation of the power plant is "generally difficult", but especially in the summer months with little demand it is hardly possible to generate enough income. The alternative to the summer shutdown is the final shutdown of the block. This summer break in operation was approved by the Federal Network Agency for 2018; the decision is still pending for the following years as of March 2018. The preliminary notice of closure for the summer months was revoked by Uniper at the end of 2018 due to increased electricity prices - operating the unit thus appeared profitable again. Currently (February 2020) there is no information about a summer break in operations.

In total, Block 5 supplies around 19,000 customers in Hanau and Großkrotzenburg with district heating in addition to electricity generation. In the event of a breakdown, the heat supply is guaranteed by a number of boilers in the power plant and the city of Hanau. The supply contracts for district heating run until 2024.

At the beginning of 2020 it was announced that the operator Uniper would shut down Block 5 by the end of 2025 at the latest. The block was originally scheduled to be shut down by 2036 at the latest.

Formerly planned expansion to include block 6

As part of the modernization of its power plants, E.ON decided in December 2006 to expand the Staudinger power plant by a sixth unit with a net electrical output of 1,055 MW (1,100 MW gross electrical output, layout planned as for Datteln 4 ). Stadtwerke Hannover originally had a stake of 12.6% in Block 6, but withdrew at the end of 2010. On December 29, 2010, the Darmstadt regional council issued the first partial approval for Block 6. In November 2012, E.ON announced that it would not be involved in the project. Economic considerations were given as the reason, as the energy situation does not offer sufficient investment security.

Technical data for the planned block 6:

  • Use in the base load
  • electrical output: 1055 megawatts
  • District heating extraction: 300 megawatts
  • Efficiency : 46%
  • Cooling tower height: 180 m
  • Boiler house height: 122 m
  • Fuel: hard coal
  • Fuel consumption: 385 tons of hard coal per hour = three million tons / a
  • CO 2 emissions: 5.2 million tons / a
  • Fine dust emissions: 221 tons / a
  • Sulfur dioxide emissions: 1219 tons / a
  • Nitrogen oxide emissions: 3554 tons / a
  • Investment: 1.2 billion euros, of which 12.6% Stadtwerke Hannover
  • Start of construction: planned for autumn 2008
  • Commissioning: was planned for 2012
Demonstration against Block 6 on June 30, 2007 Closing rally on the Limes Bridge

Numerous municipalities, cities and citizens' initiatives in the region spoke out against E.ON's expansion plans because they did not want to put any additional strain on the Rhine-Main region. The height of the cooling tower, which was to be used for exhaust gas discharge, resulted in a radius of 10 kilometers in which the highest pollution ( immission ) would have occurred . This radius ranged from Maintal to Alzenau and from Erlensee to Rodgau-Dudenhofen . In 2008, the Hessian state government initiated a regional planning procedure in order to include the concerns in the region in the considerations regarding the location. E.ON then submitted the permit applications in accordance with the Federal Immission Control Act (BImSchG) and the Water Management Act (WHG).

From the beginning of 2007 until the end of the construction project, E.ON published the free newspaper next door . The Staudinger power plant was presented in its current form in the newspaper and, for example, reports on open days were published or the technology of district heating was explained in a generally understandable manner.

On December 29, 2010, the Darmstadt Regional Council granted partial approval for Block 6. The second partial license for the construction of the excavation pits and the works roads was issued in May 2011. In March 2012, the water law approval for Blocks 4 and 5 and the planned Block 6 was limited to Granted in 2028. The permit may include a. propose to gradually reduce the discharge of mercury from the current 507 grams to 231 grams per year by 2018. In mid-November 2012, E.ON announced that it would not build Unit 6; on December 3, 2012, the approval was returned to the regional council.

Coal storage

Coal storage

In November 2007, the Darmstadt regional council issued the building permit for two closed round coal storage facilities, both 58 meters high, 125 meters in diameter and each with a capacity of 220,000 tons of hard coal. According to Uniper, there is no comparable structure in Germany. The construction of the first coal storage facility was completed in 2010. In the hot summer of 2010, there was a smoldering fire in the circular warehouse, which led to odor nuisance to the residents. The second camp was not built due to the abandonment of Block 6.

Mains connection

The grid connection for block 1 is on the 220 kV and for blocks 3 to 5 on the 380 kV maximum voltage level in the power grid of the transmission system operator TenneT TSO .

Emission of pollutants and greenhouse gases

Critics point to high emissions of the power plant Staudinger nitrogen oxides , sulfur oxides , mercury and particulate matter on which cancer producing substances ( lead , cadmium , nickel , PAHs , dioxins and furans ) can adhere. A study commissioned by Greenpeace at the University of Stuttgart in 2013 came to the conclusion that the fine dusts emitted by the Staudinger power plant in 2010 and the secondary fine dusts formed from sulfur dioxide , nitrogen oxide and NMVOC emissions statistically lead to 511 years of life lost per year (rank 12 of the German coal-fired power plants).

In addition, in view of climate change, the CO 2 emissions of the power plant are criticized by environmental groups. On the list of the most harmful power plants in Germany published by WWF in 2007 , the Staudinger power plant was ranked 29th with 840 g of CO 2 per kilowatt hour.

In 2010, according to the European PRTR pollutant register , the Staudinger power plant was the hard coal power plant with the fourth highest carbon dioxide emissions in Germany with around 4.5 million tons of CO 2 .

The Staudinger power plant reported the following emissions in the European " PRTR " pollutant register :

Annual emissions from the Staudinger power plant
Air pollutant 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) 5,410,000,000 kg 4,540,000,000 kg 4,580,000,000 kg 4,480,000,000 kg 3,840,000,000 kg 3,640,000,000 kg 2,560,000,000 kg
Nitrogen oxides ( NO x / NO 2 ) 3,590,000 kg 2,850,000 kg 2,610,000 kg 2,770,000 kg 2,530,000 kg 2,400,000 kg 1,710,000 kg
Sulfur dioxide (as SO x / SO 2 ) 1,030,000 kg 915,000 kg 839,000 kg 665,000 kg 693,000 kg 871,000 kg 589,000 kg
Particulate matter ( PM10 ) 86,000 kg 79,100 kg 103,000 kg 69,900 kg 55,300 kg 95,700 kg not specified
Nitrous oxide ( N 2 O ) 64,900 kg 46,500 kg 50,700 kg 48,400 kg 48,400 kg 41,300 kg 39,200 kg
Inorganic Chlorine Compounds (as HCl ) not specified 10,500 kg not specified 11,900 kg 10,500 kg 11,200 kg not specified
Inorganic fluorine compounds (as HF ) 24,800 kg 33,900 kg 21,800 kg 20,300 kg 13,800 kg 18,200 kg not specified
Nickel and compounds (as Ni ) 731 kg 286 kg 152 kg 131 kg 79.5 kg 135 kg not specified
Lead and compounds (as Pb ) 521 kg 314 kg not specified not specified not specified not specified not specified
Copper and compounds (as Cu ) 221 kg 401 kg 101 kg not specified not specified not specified not specified
Chromium and compounds (as Cr ) 151 kg 399 kg 207 kg not specified 112 kg 136 kg not specified
Arsenic and Compounds (as As ) 77.3 kg 41.5 kg 122 kg 113 kg 91.2 kg 125 kg 32 kg
Mercury and compounds (as Hg ) 47.1 kg 65.4 kg 31.5 kg 45.6 kg 31.7 kg 35.1 kg 29.8 kg
Cadmium and Compounds (as Cd ) 21.2 kg 16.1 kg 19.8 kg 19.1 kg 15 kg 18.1 kg not specified

No other typical pollutant emissions were reported, as they are only required to be reported in the PRTR from an annual minimum amount, e.g. B. Dioxins and furans from 0.0001 kg, chromium and copper from 100 kg, lead and zinc from 200 kg, ammonia and hydrogen chloride from 10,000 kg, volatile organic compounds except methane (NMVOC) from 100,000 kg and carbon monoxide from 500,000 kg.

The European Environment Agency has estimated the cost of damage to the environment and health of the 28,000 largest industrial plants in Europe on the basis of the emission data reported in the PRTR using the scientific methods of the European Commission. According to this, the Staudinger power plant ranks 93rd in the damage costs of all European industrial plants.

Environmental and health damage
cause Damage costs unit proportion of
Staudinger power plant 196-270 Million Euros 0.2-0.3%
A total of 28,000 systems 102-169 billion euro 100%

Dismantling the power plant

Chimney capping in spring 2019

In the years 2018 to 2020, the upper ends of the 195 meter high chimneys of blocks 1 and 2 were dismantled. The upper 30 meters were built with bricks on the concreted chimneys and falling bricks made the step of early demolition necessary.

On August 3, 2020, only the border of the cooling tower of Block 3 is left

The next step in the dismantling took place in July 2020. Here the first of the smaller, 50 m high cooling towers of Block 3, was brought down with the help of a wrecking ball. Due to the narrow development, blasting is not planned for future demolition work.

See also

Web links

Commons : Kraftwerk Staudinger Großkrotzenburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Staudinger power plant - Block 6 is history Frankfurter Rundschau, December 5, 2012
  2. ↑ Data & facts. E.ON Kraftwerke GmbH, accessed on October 7, 2012 .
  3. ^ New building project for Block 6. E.ON Kraftwerke GmbH, accessed on October 7, 2012 .
  4. ↑ a b Eon is not expanding Staudinger . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , November 14, 2012. Retrieved November 14, 2012.
  5. ↑ Duration extended In: Frankfurter Rundschau , May 6, 2011. Accessed on January 27, 2012.
  6. ↑ http://www.bundesnetzagentur.de/SharedDocs/Pressemitteilungen/DE/2011/110831_BerichtNotwendigkeitResKKW.html?nn=65116
  7. ↑ http://www.grosskrotzenburg.de/80.0.html
  8. ↑ Planning office of Prof. Dr. Jörg Schaller: Aquatic ecological report on the UVS for the ROV power plant Staudinger , page 15.
  9. ↑ In lofty heights: chimneys are cut . In: Offenbach-Post , June 23, 2018. Accessed July 6, 2018.
  10. ↑ http://www.kraftwerk-staudinger.de/pages/ekw_de/Aktuelles/Pressemitteilungen/Pressemitteilung.htm?id=1460570
  11. ^ Letter from the Federal Network Agency to the network operator TenneT dated February 2, 2015, accessed on February 18, 2015
  12. ↑ Approval notification from the Federal Network Agency in accordance with Section 13b (5) EnWG on the systemic relevance of the Staudinger 4 power plant block (PDF; 4.0 MB) Federal Network Agency, accessed on December 17, 2017 .
  13. ↑ Fewer jobs in the power plant op-online, February 1, 2013
  14. ^ Staudinger power plant ( Memento from April 6, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  15. ↑ Press releases | Uniper. October 20, 2017. Retrieved December 17, 2017 .
  16. ^ Archived copy ( memento of February 19, 2015 in the Internet Archive ). In: Frankfurter Neue Presse , December 18, 2014, accessed January 6, 2015.
  17. ↑ coal block Staudinger goes back online . In: Frankfurter Rundschau , January 14, 2015.
  18. ↑ To save costs. Will Staudinger 5 be taken offline in summer? . In: Offenbach-Post , October 20, 2017. Accessed October 21, 2017.
  19. ↑ a b District heating supply is secured . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , March 18, 2017. Retrieved March 19, 2018.
  20. ↑ Uniper SE: Uniper revocation notice of closure. Retrieved February 4, 2020 .
  21. ↑ hessenschau de, Frankfurt Germany: Staudinger hard coal power plant is shut down much earlier. January 30, 2020, accessed on February 4, 2020 (German).
  22. ↑ Investor gets out at Block 6 . In: Frankfurter Rundschau , November 3, 2010. Accessed February 1, 2012.
  23. ↑ a b https://www.fr.de/rhein-main/main-kinzig-kreis/spd-org26325/staudinger-ausbau-kann-kommen-11453253.html (accessed on December 29, 2010)
  24. ↑ front page of the newspaper neben.an , Edition 01.2007
  25. ↑ Pages 4–6 of the newspaper next door , edition 02.2007
  26. ^ Controversial expansion of the Staudinger coal-fired power plant clears another hurdle business-on.de, June 30, 2011
  27. ↑ Permission granted under water law for Block 6 of the Staudinger power plant ( Memento from April 21, 2014 in the web archive archive.today ) Press release, Darmstadt Regional Council , March 28, 2012
  28. ↑ New heat incident at Staudinger Frankfurter Rundschau, August 24, 2010
  29. ↑ Federal Network Agency power plant list (nationwide; all network and transformer levels) as of July 2nd, 2012. ( Microsoft Excel file, 1.6 MiB) Archived from the original on July 22, 2012 ; Retrieved July 21, 2012 .
  30. ↑ Fine dust sources and damage caused , Federal Environment Agency (Dessau)
  31. ↑ Assessment of Health Impacts of Coal Fired Power Stations in Germany - by Applying EcoSenseWeb (English, PDF 1.2 MB) Philipp Preis / Joachim Roos / Prof. Rainer Friedrich, Institute for Energy Economics and Rational Use of Energy, University of Stuttgart , March 28, 2013
  32. ↑ Death from the Chimney - How Coal Power Plants Ruin Our Health. Retrieved March 15, 2019 . Greenpeace , Hamburg, 2013
  33. ↑ Coal electricity has no future - climate protection now! Internet information on electricity generation from coal-fired power plants, Federation for the Environment and Nature Conservation Germany , accessed on April 21, 2014
  34. ↑ Energy Policy - Time is of the essence Internet information on the energy transition in Germany, WWF , Berlin, accessed on April 21, 2014
  35. ↑ Infographic on the CO2 emissions of the 30 most climate-damaging coal-fired power plants in Germany WWF , Berlin, 2007
  36. ↑ PRTR - European Emissions Register
  37. ↑ PRTR - European Emissions Register
  38. ↑ PRTR regulation 166/2006 / EC on the creation of a European pollutant release and transfer register and on the amendment of the Council Directives 91/689 / EEC and 96/61 / EC
  39. ↑ Cost-benefit analysis of air quality policy , Clean Air for Europe (CAFE) program, European Commission
  40. ↑ a b Revealing the costs of air pollution from industrial facilities in Europe , European Environment Agency , Copenhagen, 2011
  41. ↑ Chimneys are capped Offenbach-Post , July 9, 2020 Retrieved on August 3, 2020
  42. ↑ Quietly demolished Frankfurter Rundschau , July 31, 2020 Retrieved on August 3, 2020