Kruse (noble family)

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Coat of arms of those of Kruse

Kruse , in Sweden : Kruuse af Verchou , is the name of a Mecklenburg noble family that spread to Sweden and Nassau and achieved a certain reputation. In Germany the family died out in 1848, while in Sweden it continues.

The family is not related and therefore not to be confused with the West Pomeranian von Kruse , the Livonian von Kruse and also not with the Lüneburg and Russian von Kruse, still not with the Danish Kruse and especially not with the Swedish Kruse af Elghammar and their baronial line Kruse af Kajbala.

history

Mecklenburg

The Kruse are of the same tribe and coat of arms as those of Holstein . They first appear in a document on May 1, 1266 with knight Eghardus Crispus , alias Eckehard Kruse zu Ankershagen . His sons Reinhard and Eckard Kruse became Werlian vassals . The former sons were the squire Reinhard Kruse and Dietrich Kruse zu Varchow . In the years 1336 and 1342 the miners Henning and Eckard Kruse were named in a document. Chemnitz was owned by Heinrich Kruse in 1394 and in 1414 his sons and Achim Kruse owned the Krazen estate near Waren . In 1425 Joachim, Eckard and Reiner Kruse were in the Vogtei Waren. Henning Kruse's son, Achim, was named Varchentin in 1478 .

The secured lineage of the family now begins with Henning Kruse († after 1489), feudal lord on Varchow and Varchentin.

In 1506 Krazen was fiefdom owned by Klaus and Hermann Kruse, but Varchentin was owned by Joachim and Klaus Kruse.

In 1523, Achim Cruse also sealed the union of the estates of the Mecklenburg knighthood for the family .

From 1593 and the following years, the family with Henning Kruse was able to fill the influential position of the royal Mecklenburg court master . Of the ancestral estates of Kruse was Varchow in 1621 in the possession of Abraham Kruse, Varchentin belonged to the widow of Jakob Kruse and finally to Bredenfelde Klaus Kruse was wealthy.

In Einschreibebuch the monastery Dobbertin are four entries of daughters of the family von Schack 1701-1781 from Bredenfelde for acceptance as Konventualinnen in the aristocratic convent in the monastery Dobbertin . Oelgard Anna Ilsabe of Kruse (s) on Bredenfelde (* 1701; † 1792) came in 1733 by Dobbertin and was 1757-1792 as Domina 35 years head of the Convention in Damenstift. Her coat of arms hangs on the nun gallery in the monastery church and her grave slab is in the northern cloister of the Dobbertin monastery. Anna Margaretha Elisabeth von Kruse auf Varchentin († 1817) came to the monastery in 1777 and was in the convent for 40 years.

Sweden

Family coat of arms of those of Kruuse af Verchou

The royal Swedish major general Hans Abraham Kruse (* 1626, † 1688), from the Varchow line, was the founder of the Swedish line, which was promoted to the Swedish baron class on November 14, 1679 under the name Kruuse af Verchou and in 1680 to the baron class of the Swedish knighthood (No. 76) was introduced.

His grandson, Baron Carl Kruuse af Verchou (* 1698, † 1757) went back to Mecklenburg and married one of Winterfeld . Both son, Baron Hans Didrik Kruuse af Verchow (* 1732; † after 1780) was baptized in Varchow, advanced to royal Swedish lieutenant and took part in the events of Demmin in 1757/1558 , as a result of which he became a Prussian prisoner of war. Since he was inherited by only two daughters, the revival of the Mecklenburg line was not permanent.

In Sweden itself, the family was able to produce another royal Swedish major general in Baron Carl Magnus Kruuse af Verchow (* 1739; † 1804).

The gender persists in Sweden at present.

Nassau

Presumably as early as the 17th century, the family transplanted to Nassau, where the family was later eligible for the Herrenbank, the first chamber of the estates of the Duchy of Nassau . Karl Friedrich von Kruse (* 1738; † 1806) was the President of the Nassau government there. He was married to Philippa Katharina von Biburg (* 1744, † 1798), a daughter of Prince Karl von Nassau-Usingen from a morganatic marriage . In 1812 the baron status was recognized for their only son August von Kruse (* 1779, † 1848). For his services as an officer, Duke Wilhelm von Nassau gave him free ownership of the 58 hectare farm at Hausen near Eisenbach in the Taunus in 1822 . With him, the male line died out in Nassau and the German states.

possession

Ledebur gives a rough overview of the historical property ownership of the family :

coat of arms

Seal of Reineke Kruse , 1337

The von Kruse coats of arms were related to their agnates , those of Holstein and von Woteneck, with whom they also had the same shield .

The family coat of arms is split on the right in silver a red rose above , below a half red rose at the split, on the left in red a silver eagle's wing . On the helmet with red and silver blankets a crowned black bull's head , the horns of black and gold striped across several times, with the eagle's wing in between.

As Crull understandably deduces, the crest did not develop into a fully developed form until well after the 14th century, the tinging of the wing deviating from the Holstein, even not until the late modern period , as it was still described in black around 1800.

The baron's coat of arms (1679) is quartered and covered with a crowned heart shield , in it the family coat of arms, but on the left in gold a black eagle's wing. 1 and 4 in red a man in armor , holding a golden partisan in his right hand, 2 and 3 in black through a green laurel wreath four golden lances with blue flags. Two helmets, on the right with black and gold covers the black eagle's wing between two buffalo horns divided by gold and black , on the left with red and silver covers the laurel wreath with the flags.

Relatives

  • Peder Mickelsen Kruse, 1410–1418 Archbishop of Lund
  • Henning Kruse (* 1593; † after 1671), heir to Varchow and Bredenfelde, district judge in Mecklenburg
  • Hans Abraham Kruuse af Verchou (* 1626 - † 1688), Swedish major general
  • Oelgard Anna Ilsabe von Kruse auf Bredenfelde (* 1701; † 1792), was 1757–1792 as dominatrix for 35 years head of the convent in the women's monastery of Dobbertin.
  • Karl Friedrich von Kruse (* 1737; † 1806), Nassau-Usingen 's court chamber and district president.
  • August Heinrich Ernst von Kruse (* 1779, † 1848), Nassau general, military and agricultural reformer and president of the Herrenbank
  • Carl Magnus Kruuse af Verchow (* 1739; † 1804), Swedish major general

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ cf .: Stammtafel v. Kruse. In: Yearbook for Genealogy, Heraldry and Sphragistics , Mitau 1911-13, p. 584
  2. ↑ see: Hans-Jürgen von Witzendorff : Stammtafeln Lüneburg patrician families. 1952, pp. 65-66, 162
  3. ↑ see: Danmarks Adels Aarbog, 1900, pp. 243–250 (full text)
  4. ↑ see: Elgenstierna, Bd. 4, 1928, p. 281 (No. 43 of the aristocratic class); P. 315 (No. 42 of the baron class)
  5. ^ Mecklenburgisches Urkundenbuch 2, Schwerin 1864, p. 297, No. 1080
  6. ^ A b c George Adalbert von Mülverstedt : Extinct Mecklenburg nobility. In: Johann Siebmacher's Large Wappenbuch - Neuer Siebmacher , Volume Six, 10th Dept. Nuremberg 1902, p. 61, Tfl. 34
  7. ^ Horst Alsleben : The Dobbertiner Konvent - A Christian Community in the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. In: Dobbertin Monastery, History - Building - Life . Contributions to the history of art and the preservation of monuments in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Volume 2. Schwerin 2012, p. 56.
  8. ↑ Dobbertiner registered book No. 46, 214, 230, 605
  9. ↑ Leopold von Ledebur : Adelslexikon der Prussischen Monarchy . Volume 1, Berlin 1855, p. 487
  10. ↑ Friedrich Crull : The coats of arms of the races of the team that occurred up to 1360 in the present borders of Mecklenburg. In: Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology : Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology. Volume 52, 1887, pp. 106, 111–112 ( full text ( Memento from May 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive ))
  11. ↑ Kneschke (ALex, Vol. 5, 1864, p. 308) sees him as a relative; according to other information ( Historisk / Arkaeologisk Forening  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ) However, he was a citizen's son from Lund der in Prague studied and gained a position of trust under King Erich@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.mumieklub.dk